6 20 5655 https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/dbedae9f79c0e8da02a00ff737cf40cb.pdf 14603695335a729ddd0ab22eebf856d0 PDF Text Text LIBERAL EDUCATION AND THE QUESTION OF TRUTH David Arndt Saint Mary’s College of California We’re here to talk about a simple question: What is the point of liberal education? What does it aim at? What is the good we try to move toward through the liberal arts? Let me venture a simple answer: liberal education aims at truth. For liberal learning, truth is the highest good. The point of liberal education is to learn to move--through dialogue with others and through our own thinking--towards the light of truth. But this answer raises other questions: What are we looking for when we look for truth? What kinds of truth are proper to the liberal arts? In what sense can the liberal arts make claims to truth? What is truth? If we want to think seriously about these questions, ! think, we have to come to terms with the work of Martin Heidegger. Heidegger worked out a distinctive understanding of truth, and also a history of concepts of truth in the West. This history of truth can help to illuminate the history of liberal education, and to clarify in what sense liberal education aims at truth. Let me try to sketch this story, starting from the beginning. What were the origins of liberal education? How was the end of liberal education originally understood? And what notion of truth was implicit in this original understanding? " The Traditional Ends of Liberal Education We know there has actually never been any consensus on the final end of liberal education. Ideas about liberal education have been divided between two traditions. In one tradition, liberal education aims to prepare students for a life of political freedom, by training them in the arts they needed to be active and responsible citizens. This is explicit in Cicero, who defined the liberal arts as “the arts that are proper to a free citizen.”1 The emphasis in this tradition was on the arts of grammar and rhetoric. And the ultimate aim liberal education was #$ό&'()*--judgment, prudence, the ability to see singularities for what they are, to understand what kind of action is called for by each singular situation. 1 �In another tradition, liberal education prepares students for a life of intellectual freedom by training them in the arts they needed to liberate themselves from thoughtless adherence to inherited opinions. The emphasis in this tradition was on the arts of logic and dialectic, as well as the forms of mathematics that were paradigms of clear thought. The ultimate aim of liberal education was (+#ί---wisdom, an understanding of what is essential to a good life. This is explicit in Seneca, who wrote: “there is only one really liberal study,--that which gives a man his liberty. It is the study of wisdom.”2 Despite their differences, both traditions shared a common assumption: scientific knowledge was only one form of understanding among others. In addition to science, or ./)(0ή2', they distinguished opinion, know-how, judgement, and wisdom (3ό4-, 0έ6&', #$ό&'()* and (+#ί-). Each form of understanding was a distinct path to truth. Heidegger knew that truth has been conceived in different ways. In the allegory of the cave, Plato thought of truth primarily as a matter or likeness (ὁ2+ί8()*) or correctness (ὀ$:ό0'*). For Aristotle the locus of truth was not between beings and their ideas but between what we think and what is: “The false and the true are not in things (themselves)...but in the intellect.”3 For Aquinas the primary locus of truth was the intellect of God: “Truth is properly encountered in the human or in the divine intellect.”4 With Descartes truth became a matter of representation and certainty--the locus of truth is the representation of an object in the mind of a subject: “I am certain that I can have no knowledge of what is outside me except by means of the ideas I have within me.”5 While Kant distinguished the objects of experience from things in themselves, he retained the traditional concept of truth as a kind of correspondence: “What is truth? The nominal definition of truth, that it is the agreement of knowledge with its object, is assumed as granted.”6 But Heidegger argued all these concepts assume truth is a matter of correspondence between thought and reality. In his view, this view of truth as correspondence has dominated most of the philosophical tradition. " The Challenge of Modern Science Heidegger thought this traditional concept of truth shifted with the emergence of modern science. Modern science was founded on different understanding of truth, and this understanding of truth underlies the institutions of the modern research university. Modern philosophers accepted the traditional concept of truth as a matter of correspondence between thought and reality. But they altered this concept of truth in two decisive ways: they assumed that the test of truth is certainty, i.e. that no belief can 2 �be considered true unless it is known for certain; and they assumed that certainty could be established only on the basis of evidence so clear and distinct that it is indubitable to any rational mind. These two new assumptions were most clearly articulated by Descartes in the first rule of scientific method laid down in his Discourse on Method: The first [rule] was never to accept anything as true that I did not plainly know to be such; that is to say, carefully to avoid hasty judgment and prejudice; and to include nothing more in my judgments than what presented itself to my mind so clearly and so distinctly that I had no occasion to call it into doubt.7 This intrication of truth and certainty is still commonly taken for granted today, even by the most skeptical thinkers; skeptics tend to deny that truth is attainable precisely because they assume knowledge must be certain in order to be true. Modern scientists are cautious about claiming to have final and definitive truth precisely because they know most scientific findings are never certain and always provisional. The power of this concept of truth is undeniable. The world in which we live has been shaped by the scientific methods it grounds and guides. Here we have to distinguish between science and scientism. Science is a search for universally valid knowledge. Scientism is the belief that modern science is the only genuine form of knowledge. A scientist is a practitioner of science, not a believer in scientism. To be critical of scientism is not in any way to denigrate science itself. The challenge to the traditional liberal arts came not from modern science, understood as a universally valid yet distinct and limited form of knowledge. The challenge came instead from scientism, the uncritical belief that modern science is the only genuine form of understanding, and that scientific truth is the only genuine form of truth. This belief was articulated with exemplary clarity in 1880 by Thomas Huxley, who argued that “liberal education” should be re-founded on “an unhesitating faith that the free employment of reason, in accordance with the scientific method, is the sole method of reaching truth.”8 This scientism challenged the notion of truth underlying the traditions of liberal education. The intrication of truth and certainty reversed the traditional hierarchy of forms of understanding. The highest form of understanding was no longer either judgment or wisdom but scientific knowledge; the highest kind of truth was not a clear understanding of how to act in our particular situation, or how to live well in general, but quantitative knowledge based on factual evidence.9 " 3 �One effect of this reversal was that the search for wisdom was delegitimated as unscientific. Many thinkers dismissed as sophistry or illusion any claim to nonscientific truth, and consigned whole disciplines of thought to oblivion. This de-legitimation was expressed with exemplary clarity by the philosopher David Hume: When we run over libraries, persuaded of these principles, what havoc must we make? If we take in our hand any volume, of divinity or school metaphysics, for instance; let us ask, Does it contain any abstract reasoning concerning quantity and number? No. Does it contain any experimental reasoning concerning matters of fact and existence? No. Commit it then to the flames; for it can contain nothing but sophistry and illusion.10 Scientism had an especially powerful effect on the humanities. Once scientific truth was held to be the only real form of truth, the humanities could no longer be approached as sources of truth. Humanists generally responded to this challenge in one of two ways. On the one hand, there have been attempts to cast the humanities into the mold of the modern sciences. Philosophers have tried to remake their discipline into “a rigorous science.” Historians have tried to model their discipline on the natural sciences, and to find universal laws governing the phenomena of history. Classicists have come to think of their discipline not as part of a living tradition but as the study of dead languages. Humanistic study was re-conceived as quasi-scientific research.11 On the other hand, there have been attempts to re-conceive the humanities as disciplines aimed at something other than truth. Some humanists have claimed the goal of humanistic education is primarily aesthetic--the formation of an aesthetic sensibility. Others have claimed the point of humanistic education is primarily ethical--the cultivation of the virtues proper to a given ethos. Others have claimed the aim of the humanities is ultimately political--to promote justice by raising consciousness and demystifying the ideologies that support injustice. While both responses have produced valuable work in the humanities, they have distorted the traditional aims of liberal education insofar as they no longer approach the humanities as a way to wisdom or a search for truths higher than scientific truth. " Liberal Education and Truth We have to retrieve and refine the traditional ends of liberal education. And to do so we have to offer a clear critique of prevailing models of higher education today. We have to 4 �explain how liberal education has been distorted by the assumptions underlying the modern research university. We have to be able to explain both the legitimacy and the limits of the view of education embodied by the research university. We have to respond to the challenge of the research university by drawing on the resources of the liberal intellectual tradition in order to retrieve, refine, and rethink the assumptions that sustained the traditional liberal arts college. The first task is to rethink traditional concepts of truth. We need a critique of scientism that shows both the legitimacy and the limits of scientific truth. And we need to explain in what sense one can speak of non-scientific truths--truths of art, history, interpretation, and scripture. To do this we have to retrieve an understanding of truth that runs through the Western traditions without ever being fully grasped in conceptual thought--the understanding of truth as the kind of illumination or disclosure that Heidegger called “unconcealment.” We already have a rough understanding of truth in this sense when we speak of a “moment of truth”--an instant when something that has been obscure suddenly comes to light and becomes clearly apparent. In this idiom, “the moment of truth,” truth is implicitly understood not as a correspondence between thought and reality, but as the illumination or disclosure that underlies truth in the traditional sense--that first makes possible any correspondence or non-correspondence between thought and reality. This sense of truth as unconcealment is implicit but unnoticed in many classic works. It is already legible in Plato’s allegory of the cave, where the movement of the prisoners is not simply from semblance to reality, or from a less correct to a more correct vision, but from a place from which the sun is hidden to a place where the sunlit landscape is disclosed and illuminated. This sense of truth as unconcealment is also implicit but not grasped conceptually in a certain Christian understanding of the revelatory power of language; it is legible in the notion that the truth of the Gospel parables lies in their power to unearth and disclose what--like a treasure hidden in a field--has been hidden since the foundations of the world.12 " The aim of Heidegger’s thought was not to return us to a Greek concept of truth, but to clarify an understanding of truth we already have without knowing it, to grasp explicitly what we already understand in a thoughtless and inarticulate way. " The implications of Heidegger’s concept of truth cannot be summarized in a few pages. Let me just emphasize two basic points: " 5 �First, the concept of unconcealment helps to clarify the truth of judgment (#$ό&'()*). A judgment may be perfectly correct, in the sense it accurately corresponds to certain facts of a matter, and yet may be profoundly untrue, in the sense that it focuses on what is inessential and utterly fails to illuminate the heart of the matter. A judgment is true not when it adequately represents what is superficial and inessential, but when it reveals and brings to light the essential. So the truth of judgment is not ultimately a matter of correspondence but of revelation, illumination, unconcealment. Heidegger made this point in a lecture on Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics: “#$ό&'()*...eminently illustrates the meaning of ἀ-<:.ύ.)&, i.e. the uncovering of something concealed.”13 Second, the concept of unconcealment also helps to clarify the truth of wisdom ((+#ί-). Even at the crudest level of everyday understanding, we have a sense that wisdom cannot be contained in propositions, and that the truth of wisdom cannot be understood as a correspondence of thought with reality. Instead, we sense that to be wise means to have a clear vision of what is essential to a good life. The truth of this vision is not a matter of correctness, but of its power to disclose and illuminate what really matters. So Heidegger also understood the truth of wisdom as unconcealment: “(+#ί- is the other highest possibility of ἀ<':.ύ.)&.” 14 The concept of truth as unconcealment helps to distinguish three dimensions of thought, and three movements we have to make in order to move toward truth. In one dimension we move from ignorance to knowledge. Knowledge can be directly transmitted from professor to student. So this movement occurs as a progressive accumulation of facts and skills conveyed to the student by textbooks and lectures. The truth of this kind of knowledge is a matter of correspondence and certainty--a correspondence between thought and reality, which is certain only if it is grounded on absolutely clear and distinct evidence. In a second dimension we move from average towards genuine understanding--from an understanding that is more or less shallow, confused, vague, simplistic, and crude, towards an understanding that is deep, clear, precise, complex, and refined. This kind of understanding is essential to both judgement and wisdom, #$ό&'()* and (+#ί-. The truth of this understanding is a matter of unconcealment--the disclosure and illumination of what things are. This kind of truth cannot be directly transmitted from professor to student. It is a kind of truth students have to reach through their own thought and experience. This is why students have to make a third movement: In a third dimension we move from an inauthentic towards authentic understanding-from an understanding that is not really our own (one that we have simply because we 6 �share it in common with others) towards an understanding that is truly our own in the sense that it is based on our own experience, reading, discussion, and thought. So to look for truth we have to make three movements: We have to move from ignorance to knowledge. We have to move from an average to a genuine understanding of things. But in order to make this movement we also have to move from an inauthentic to a more authentic understanding, that is, we have to take on ourselves the responsibility to read closely, to listen carefully, to try to find the grains of truth in different points of view, and then, in light of our own experience and on the basis of our own thoughts, to work out our own understanding of what is true. This is why--in a liberal education-students are asked not to learn the thoughts of others, but to give their own thoughts. How do we make these three movements of thought? What are the disciplines that enable us to move toward knowledge, toward genuine understanding, and towards authenticity? What art the arts proper to this search for truth? They are the arts proper to liberal education: not just the seven classic liberal arts; but also the arts practiced here at Saint John’s: reading, listening, questioning, discussing, writing, thinking, and of meditation. The aim of these arts is truth--not just the truth of knowledge but the truth of judgement and wisdom. The point of a liberal arts education is to enable students to move--in dialogue with the tradition and with other people--toward the light of truth. " Conclusion Let me sum up. Liberal education was originally guided by traditional assumptions about the nature of truth. These assumptions supported the distinctive institutions of the liberal arts college: its curricula; pedagogies; disciplinary divisions; the roles of faculty and students; and the discourse in which education was understood. These institutions were challenged with the emergence of modern science, whose founders radically reconceived the nature of truth. These new concepts of truth laid the foundations of the modern scientific research university and its distinctive institutions: the library, the laboratory, the lecture hall, autonomous departments, and the elective system. But the research university did not simply replace the liberal arts college. Instead, liberal arts colleges were largely uprooted from their underlying assumptions, and incorporated into the modern research university. In the process, the liberal arts were re-cast in the mold of the modern sciences, and were reinterpreted in light of the assumptions about truth underlying the research university. These new concepts of truth have distorted and concealed the traditional meaning of liberal education. 7 �Liberal arts colleges have to clarify in what sense liberal education aims at truth. And to do so we have to offer a clear critique of prevailing models of higher education today. We have to explain how liberal education has been distorted by the assumptions underlying the modern research university. We have to be able to explain both the legitimacy and the limits of the view of education embodied by the research university. We have to respond to the challenge of the research university by drawing on the resources of the liberal intellectual tradition in order to retrieve, refine, and rethink the ends of liberal education. 8 �Notes Cicero, De Oratore, 1.72. Quoted in Bruce Kimball, Orators and Philosophers: A History of the Idea of Liberal Education (New York: The College Entrance Examination Board, 1995) 36. 1 Seneca, Letter LXXXVIII. On Liberal and Vocational Studies” in Letter from a Stoic, tr. Robin Campbell (New York: Penguin Books, 1969) 159. 2 3 Aristotle, Metaphysics, trans. Hugh Tredenick (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1989), 307 (1027b25). 4 Aquinas, quoted in Martin Heidegger, Pathmarks, ed. William McNeill (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 178. 5 René Descartes, “From the Letter to Gibieuf, 19 January 1642,” in Descartes: Philosophical Letters, trans. and ed. by Anthony Kenny (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1970), 123. 6 Immanuel Kant, The Critique of Pure Reason, trans. Norman Kemp Smith (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1965) 97. René Descartes, The Discourse on Method and Meditations on First Philosophy, tr. Donald Cress (Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 1998) 11. 7 Thomas Huxley, “Science and Culture,” quoted in Bruce A. Kimball, Orators and Philosophers: A History of the Idea of Liberal Education (New York: College Entrance Examination Board, 1995) 171 (italics added). 8 This reversal is most clearly expressed by the words carved in stone on the façade of the Social Science Research Building at the University of Chicago: “If you cannot measure, your knowledge is meagre and unsatisfactory.” This inscription is a paraphrase of Lord Kelvin’s dictum: “When you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot measure it, when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge is of a meagre and unsatisfactory kind; it may be the beginning of knowledge, but you have scarcely in your thoughts advanced to the state of Science, whatever the matter may be.” Kelvin’s words are quoted at zapatopi.net/kelvin/quotes/. The inscription is discussed by Thomas Kuhn in The Essential Tension: Selected Studies in Scientific Tradition and Change (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977) 178. 9 David Hume, Enquiries Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning the Principles of Morals (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985) 165. 10 9 �Classics for example became largely a branch of philology. One still studied Greek and Roman texts, not as sources of a living tradition but as one set of objects among others. This approach obliterated the original rationale for the study of classics. Hence the proliferation of spurious rationales, such as the theory of "mental discipline." 11 There were also attempts to remake history on the model of the new sciences. There was, for example, a search for laws of history analogous to the laws of nature. This analogy was explicit in Marxism; Engels wrote that "Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature, so Marx discovered the law of development of human history." (Friedrich Engels, quoted in Hannah Arendt, Essays in Understanding, ed. Jerome Kohn (New York: Harcourt Brace, 1994, p. 388) There were also attempts to make philosophy a science in the modern sense, and to reject all previous philosophy as "metaphysical," that is, unscientific nonsense. Matthew 13:34-5 and 13:44. “Jesus told the crowds all these things in parables; without a parable he told them nothing. This was to fulfill what was spoken through the prophet: ‘I will open my mouth to speak in parables; I will proclaim what has been hidden [>.>$?22έ&-] since the foundation of the world.” “The kingdom of heaven is like a treasure hidden [>.>$?22έ&8] in a field, which someone found and hid; then in his joy he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.” (New Revised Standard Version.) 12 Martin Heidegger, Plato’s Sophist, trans. Richard Rojcewicz and André Schuwer (Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1997), 36. 13 14 Heidegger, Plato’s Sophist, 42. 10 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "What is Liberal Education For?" 2014 Conference Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Santa Fe Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014-10 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Meem Library has been given permission to make these items available online. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Meem Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 10 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Liberal education and the question of truth Description An account of the resource Paper delivered on October 18, 2014 by David Arndt at What is Liberal Education For? : a conference at St. John's College on the 50th Anniversary of the Santa Fe campus. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arndt, David D. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Santa Fe, NM Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014-10-18 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Meem Library has been given permission to make this item available online. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Subject The topic of the resource Education, Humanistic Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 24004518 https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/e1ef6fd389ee345e357ec83a536c893d.mp3 388f50bef43301a52c8a84df75224298 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. John's College Lecture Recordings—Santa Fe Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Meem Library Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Santa Fe, NM Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data m4a Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 00:47:23 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wallace Stevens and Our Redemption Through Poetry Description An account of the resource Audio recording of a lecture given by tutor Lin Atnip on September 29, 2023 as part of the Dean's Lecture & Concert Series. The Dean's Office has provided this description of the event: “After one has abandoned a belief in god, poetry is that essence which takes its place as life’s redemption.” — So writes Wallace Stevens, a giant of American modernist poetry, in one of his aphoristic “adagia.” In this lecture we will attempt to understand what he meant, or might have meant, in this odd and perhaps disturbing formulation. What is the role of poetry in our contemporary world, at turns banal and catastrophe-ridden? We will seek our answer through consideration of some of Stevens’ other prose writings and, of course, his poetry -- and maybe, if successful, find a little redemption." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Atnip, Lindsay Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Santa Fe, NM Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-09-29 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Meem Library has been given permission to make this item available online. Type The nature or genre of the resource sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource mp3 Subject The topic of the resource Stevens, Wallace, 1879-1955 Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SF_AtnipL_Wallace_Stevens_and_Our_Redemption_Through_Poetry_2023-09-29 Friday night lecture https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/09d445d4c340b491804f6270b5df13d9.mp3 b5ea8525613c5445bfbe30b94897a392 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. John's College Lecture Recordings—Santa Fe Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Meem Library Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Santa Fe, NM Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data CD Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 00:59:49 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource What is a Q.E.F.? Reflections on the nature of geometrical making Description An account of the resource Audio recording of a lecture given on May 6, 2016 by Michael Augros as part of the Dean's Lecture and Concert Series. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Augros, Michael Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Santa Fe, NM Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-05-06 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Meem Library has been given permission to make this item available online. Type The nature or genre of the resource sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource mp3 Subject The topic of the resource Euclid. Elements. Language A language of the resource English Friday night lecture https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/e553d77c227b743eed847bbe38d4704c.mp3 e1e55650b68017acf147c0834d00b31d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. John's College Lecture Recordings—Santa Fe Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Meem Library Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Santa Fe, NM Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data wav Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 00:44:39 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Deeds of balanced vengeance" and the end of The Iliad Description An account of the resource Audio recording of a lecture given on October 26, 2018 by Emily Austin as part of the Dean's Lecture and Concert Series. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Austin, Emily Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Santa Fe, NM Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-10-26 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Meem Library has been given permission to make this item available online. Type The nature or genre of the resource sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource mp3 Subject The topic of the resource Homer. Iliad Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Austin, 2018-10 Friday night lecture Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Items in this collection are part of a series of lectures given every year at St. John's College. During the Fall and Spring semesters, lectures are given on Friday nights. Items include audio and video recordings and typescripts.<br /><br />For more information, and a schedule of upcoming lectures, please visit the <strong><a href="http://www.sjc.edu/programs-and-events/annapolis/formal-lecture-series/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">St. John's College website</a></strong>.  <br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Formal Lecture Series" href="https://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=5&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CDate&amp;sort_dir=d">Items in the St. John's College Formal Lecture Series—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.<br /><br />A growing number of lecture recordings are also available on the St. John's College (Annapolis) Lectures podcast. Visit <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/st-johns-college-annapolis-lectures/id1695157772">Apple Podcasts</a> or <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/6GDsIRqC8SWZ28AY72BsYM?si=f2ecfa9e247a456f" title="Spotify">Spotify</a> to listen and subscribe. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Title A name given to the resource St. John's College Formal Lecture Series—Annapolis Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context formallectureseriesannapolis Hyperlink A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data mov Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 00:43:39 URL https://youtu.be/zaOtM2cdiGQ?si=-IbDPGZmi-uNCcNw Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <a href="https://youtu.be/zaOtM2cdiGQ?si=-IbDPGZmi-uNCcNw">The Power of Solitude in Sophocles’ <em>Philoctetes</em></a> Description An account of the resource Video recording of a lecture delivered on March 28, 2025, by Dr. Emily Austin as part of the Formal Lecture Series.<br /><br />Dr. Austin is an Associate Professor of Classics and the College at the University of Chicago, with research interests in Greek literature, especially Homer and depictions of solitude in ancient Greece. Her first book, <em>Grief and the Hero: the Futility of Longing in the Iliad</em>, explores the nexus of grief, longing and anger in the Iliad. She is currently working on a second book, <em>Solitude and its Powers in Ancient Greece</em>, which identifies surprising moments when ancient Greek poetry conceives of solitude as a good thing. <br /><br />Dr. Austin offers this introduction to her lecture: "Sophocles’ <em>Philoctetes</em> presents its lonely hero as incomparably wretched. Yet this suffering figure also claims that his isolated survival is something uniquely heroic. This lecture explores the tension between debasement and nobility in Sophocles’ play, taking seriously Philoctetes’ claims to heroism, which are unparalleled in the poetic discourse of his time." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Austin, Emily P. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2025-03-28 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In copyright. Type The nature or genre of the resource moving image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource YouTube video Subject The topic of the resource Sophocles. Philoctetes Solitude in literature Heroes in literature Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LEC_Austin_Emily_2025-03-28_ac Alumni Friday night lecture https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/1947d89df1de230d45422b99deff86de.pdf ec170ef433103eb05a3830ec9c89344c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Yearbooks Description An account of the resource This collection contains yearbooks from St. John's College in Annapolis, MD. Yearbooks are sometimes referred to as the "Rat Tat", "Cicerone", or "Canvas". This collection includes all published yearbooks since 1896.  Please note that yearbooks were not published every year.<br /><br />Holdings: <br />1896 v. 1<br />1898 v. 2 - 1899 v. 3<br />1901 v. 4 – 1912 v. 15<br />1914 v. 17 – 1918 v. 21<br />1920 v. 22 – 1945/1946<br />1947 – 1951/1953<br />1957<br />1982<br />1986 – 1990/1991<br />1992 – 2001/2002<br />2015/2016 – 2017/2018<br />2021/2022 - 2024/2025<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Yearbooks" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=21">Items in the Yearbooks Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context yearbooks Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper (bound book) Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 201, xxiv pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. John's Rat-Tat 1907 Description An account of the resource Rat-Tat 1907. Published annually by the Junior Class of St. John's College. Annapolis, MD. Volume X. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Austin, George M. (Editor-in-Chief) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Press of Pearre E. Crowl Company Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Baltimore, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1907 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1907 https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/7adf00f044b4062c642d91fb7662da57.mp3 29a43c2a17a9e6f80d25fd53ff7cd492 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Speeches, presentations, and other lectures Description An account of the resource Speeches, presentations, and other lectures given at St. John's College. These include convocation addresses delivered in both Annapolis, MD and Santa Fe, NM.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Speeches, presentations, and other lectures" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=15">Items in the Speeches, presentations, and other lectures Collection</a></strong> to <span>view and sort all items in the collection.</span> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context speechespresentationsotherlectures Sound A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data wav Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 042:46 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Age of Illusions: America after the Cold War Description An account of the resource Audio recording of a lecture delivered on Apr. 26, 2019 by Andrew Bacevich as part of the LCDR Erik S. Kristensen Lecture Series. The lecture is part of a joint lectures series between St. John's College and the U.S. Naval Academy to honor the memory of Lieutenant Commander Erik S. Kristensen. An alumnus of the United States Naval Academy and the St. John's College Graduate Institute, Kristensen, a Navy SEAL, was killed in the line of duty in Afghanistan in 2005. This lecture series aims to create even greater ties between the two schools, as well as to educate the public about civil-military relations and the place of the liberal arts in education of naval and military professions. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bacevich, Andrew J. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-04-26 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource A signed permission form has been received stating, "I hereby grant St. John's College permission to make an audio recording of my lecture, and retain copies for circulation and archival preservation at the St. John's College Greenfield Library and to make an audio recording of my lecture available online." Type The nature or genre of the resource sound Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource mp3 Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bacevich_Andrew_2019-04-26 Kristensen lecture series U.S. Naval Academy https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/9de5c66f11cf005660e5556c4b97ec92.jpg e47cee37f4ccb166313d9a55d68649cb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Image Collection—Annapolis Description An account of the resource <p>The Greenfield Library Image Collection houses over 5,000 photographs, postcards, drawings, and other graphic materials.  The images in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. </p> To learn more about the Greenfield Library's archives use policy or to obtain high-resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Image Collection Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Image Collection Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Image Collection—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context imagecollectionannapolis Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 11 x 16.5 cm. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SJC-P-0137 Title A name given to the resource Portrait of Richard D. Weigle Description An account of the resource 1 photographic print : b&w Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bachrach, Fabian Subject The topic of the resource St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.). -- Presidents. St. John's College (Santa Fe, N. M.). -- Presidents. Portraits Weigle, Richard Daniel 1912- Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Type The nature or genre of the resource still image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph. Honorary Alumni Presidents https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/d67b25b38b625aff58b76dd358f223f1.jpg 7f09adea42259a0f0cd45f003491c84b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Image Collection—Annapolis Description An account of the resource <p>The Greenfield Library Image Collection houses over 5,000 photographs, postcards, drawings, and other graphic materials.  The images in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. </p> To learn more about the Greenfield Library's archives use policy or to obtain high-resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Image Collection Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Image Collection Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Image Collection—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context imagecollectionannapolis Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 12.5 x 17.5 cm. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SJC-P-0144 Title A name given to the resource Portrait of Richard D. Weigle Description An account of the resource 1 photographic print : b&w Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bachrach, Fabian Subject The topic of the resource St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.). -- Presidents. St. John's College (Santa Fe, N. M.). -- Presidents. Portraits Weigle, Richard Daniel 1912- Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Type The nature or genre of the resource still image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph. Honorary Alumni Presidents https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/d0553db44143e467c3d02f01775259cc.jpg f65ca75353db1dbb8875ba2e7fbe9746 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Image Collection—Annapolis Description An account of the resource <p>The Greenfield Library Image Collection houses over 5,000 photographs, postcards, drawings, and other graphic materials.  The images in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. </p> To learn more about the Greenfield Library's archives use policy or to obtain high-resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Image Collection Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Image Collection Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Image Collection—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context imagecollectionannapolis Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 12.5 x 18 cm. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SJC-P-0773 Title A name given to the resource Portrait of John S. Kieffer Description An account of the resource 1 photographic print : b&w Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1950-1960 [circa] Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bachrach, Fabian Subject The topic of the resource St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.). -- Presidents. St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.). -- Deans. St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.). -- Faculty. Portraits Kieffer, John Spangler. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph. Deans Honorary Alumni Presidents Tutors https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/01d9de7776d9c3842a739d22e79003d5.jpg 1ea2f24e0adff8a137d0a652be66e94c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Image Collection—Annapolis Description An account of the resource <p>The Greenfield Library Image Collection houses over 5,000 photographs, postcards, drawings, and other graphic materials.  The images in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. </p> To learn more about the Greenfield Library's archives use policy or to obtain high-resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Image Collection Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Image Collection Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Image Collection—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context imagecollectionannapolis Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 12.5 x 18 cm. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SJC-P-0785 Title A name given to the resource Portrait of Richard D. Weigle Description An account of the resource 1 photographic print : b&w Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bachrach, Fabian Subject The topic of the resource St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.). -- Presidents. St. John's College (Santa Fe, N.M.). -- Presidents. Portraits Weigle, Richard Daniel 1912- Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph. Honorary Alumni Presidents https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/bd6487e82acfe8726db960deda07e3d6.mp4 55db992185ffeafadba895149dd31c73 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Continuing the Conversation Description An account of the resource Continuing the Conversation is a web and podcast series produced by St. John's College. Episodes 1-20 were released in 2023. <br /><br />More information about the series is available on the Continuing the Conversation page of the St. John's College website: <a href="https://www.sjc.edu/continuing-conversation">https://www.sjc.edu/continuing-conversation</a>. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St. John's College Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023 Type The nature or genre of the resource moving image Language A language of the resource English Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, Md. Santa Fe, NM Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Moving Image A series of visual representations imparting an impression of motion when shown in succession. Examples include animations, movies, television programs, videos, zoetropes, or visual output from a simulation. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data mp4 Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 52:52 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Louis Petrich + Jonathan Badger: Pursuing the Eternal Present Description An account of the resource Louis Petrich + Jonathan Badger: Pursuing the Eternal Present is episode 4 of the Continuing the Conversation series and podcast. The episode was published on February 15, 2023. Does a contemplative life bring us closer to the divine, as Aristotle believed? Is it the highest form of human life or is it self-centered and lived at the expense of others? Can one lead a contemplative life while living in the real world? Philosophers, artists, mystics, and students have long pursued lives of solitude, contemplation, and creative exploration, only to encounter a recurring set of practical obstacles and vexing moral questions. In this episode of Continuing the Conversation, Annapolis host Louis Petrich and tutor Jonathan Badger explore a conversation that honors the pursuit of “the eternal present” in Somerset Maugham’s The Moon and Sixpence (based on the life of the painter Gauguin), while exploring its attendant questions with equal concern and gravity. This episode also includes conversation on works by Goethe, Rousseau, Thoreau, and Aristotle. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Badger, Jonathan N. Petrich, Louis Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.) St. John's College (Santa Fe, N.M.) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, Md. Santa Fe, N.M. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-02-15 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this video. Type The nature or genre of the resource moving image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource mp4 Subject The topic of the resource Maugham, W. Somerset (William Somerset), 1874-1965. Moon and sixpence Solitude in literature Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 1712-1778. Rêveries du promeneur solitaire Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CtC_Ep4_Badger_ac Tutors https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/44505a691685c0883fa651f5173860a9.mp4 904192631c2bf731dd49b174929b020b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Graduate Institute Summer Lecture Series Description An account of the resource The Wednesday Night Lecture Series, hosted during the summer term by the Graduate Institute at St. John’s College in Annapolis, is a less-formal version of the college’s formal Friday Night Lectures. The Wednesday Night lectures are an opportunity for tutors and for graduates of the college who are pursuing academic careers to present the first fruits of their thinking to an attentive and inquisitive audience. The lectures, held in the King William Room of the Barr-Buchanan Center at 7:30 p.m., with a question period afterward in a neighboring classroom, are free and open to the public.<br /><br />For more information, and for a schedule of upcoming lectures, please visit the <strong><a title="Summer lecture series" href="https://www.sjc.edu/annapolis/events/lectures/summer-wednesday-night-lecture-series" target="_blank">St. John's College website</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Graduate Institute Summer Lecture Series" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=31">Items in the Graduate Institute Summer Lecture Series Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Moving Image A series of visual representations imparting an impression of motion when shown in succession. Examples include animations, movies, television programs, videos, zoetropes, or visual output from a simulation. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data streaming video Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 01:33:20 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Timeless and Timely: Liberal Education and the Demands of the Present Description An account of the resource Video recording of a panel discussion between Brendan Boyle, Associate Dean for Graduate Programs, Jonathan Badger, and Patrick Coleman, St. John's College Tutors, on June 19, 2024, as part of the Graduate Institute Summer Lecture Series. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Boyle, Brendan Coleman, John Patrick Badger, Jonathan N. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024-06-19 Type The nature or genre of the resource moving image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource mp4 Subject The topic of the resource Education, Humanistic Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LEC_Panel_Badger-Boyle-Coleman_2024-06-19-ac Graduate Institute Summer lecture series Tutors https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/51aff67ffb4e5714f59e4fa9e3620d8a.pdf b5259c2b8d3c41fd34e4d0de0b9ca762 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Collegian Description An account of the resource The Collegian began as a student newspaper; became a college community literary publication in 1952 and continued until 1969; became a student newspaper again in 1969; discontinued publication from 1980 until 1989 when it again became a student literary publication.<br /><br />Click on <a title="The Collegian" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=26">Items in The Collegian Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 4 pages Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Collegian_1934_10_19 Title A name given to the resource St. John's Collegian, October 19, 1934 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-10-19 Description An account of the resource Vol. XLVI, No. 1 of the St. John's Collegian. Published on October 19, 1934. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bailey Jr., Roland J. (Editor-in-Chief) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Student publication https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/15cbd6c73910562e94c8f89509440cbb.pdf 0d9a9e674831ed740351b09ee5dce219 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Collegian Description An account of the resource The Collegian began as a student newspaper; became a college community literary publication in 1952 and continued until 1969; became a student newspaper again in 1969; discontinued publication from 1980 until 1989 when it again became a student literary publication.<br /><br />Click on <a title="The Collegian" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=26">Items in The Collegian Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 4 pages Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Collegian_1934_10_26 Title A name given to the resource St. John's Collegian, October 26, 1934 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-10-26 Description An account of the resource Vol. XLVI, No. 2 of the St. John's Collegian. Published on October 26, 1934. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bailey Jr., Roland J. (Editor-in-Chief) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Student publication https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/fca7c075948d970cba98de585fd32ca7.pdf 20b4e7fea35c6073f14397b7e11ad318 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Collegian Description An account of the resource The Collegian began as a student newspaper; became a college community literary publication in 1952 and continued until 1969; became a student newspaper again in 1969; discontinued publication from 1980 until 1989 when it again became a student literary publication.<br /><br />Click on <a title="The Collegian" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=26">Items in The Collegian Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 4 pages Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Collegian_1934_11_2 Title A name given to the resource St. John's Collegian, November 2, 1934 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-11-02 Description An account of the resource Vol. XLVI, No. 3 of the St. John's Collegian. Published on November 2, 1934. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bailey Jr., Roland J. (Editor-in-Chief) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Student publication https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/2c3ae6bd2688e2fe23becf7872932fca.pdf 799d1f8b8e2352f87799748cf61db547 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Collegian Description An account of the resource The Collegian began as a student newspaper; became a college community literary publication in 1952 and continued until 1969; became a student newspaper again in 1969; discontinued publication from 1980 until 1989 when it again became a student literary publication.<br /><br />Click on <a title="The Collegian" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=26">Items in The Collegian Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 6 pages Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Collegian_1934_11_9 Title A name given to the resource St. John's Collegian, November 9, 1934 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-11-09 Description An account of the resource Vol. XLVI, No. 4 of the St. John's Collegian. Published on November 9, 1934. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bailey Jr., Roland J. (Editor-in-Chief) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Student publication https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/23b83545cef41fd0d13d3c6beba1d2b5.pdf 8c8138d8d80c554ba6af316998ff929f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Collegian Description An account of the resource The Collegian began as a student newspaper; became a college community literary publication in 1952 and continued until 1969; became a student newspaper again in 1969; discontinued publication from 1980 until 1989 when it again became a student literary publication.<br /><br />Click on <a title="The Collegian" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=26">Items in The Collegian Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 4 pages Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Collegian_1934_11_16 Title A name given to the resource St. John's Collegian, November 16, 1934 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-11-16 Description An account of the resource Vol. XLVI, No. 5 of the St. John's Collegian. Published on November 16, 1934. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bailey Jr., Roland J. (Editor-in-Chief) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Student publication https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/8d98781cc59e6b57c9e573f18f865342.pdf 17d8e7fed51c381a2f00413db018d1e9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Collegian Description An account of the resource The Collegian began as a student newspaper; became a college community literary publication in 1952 and continued until 1969; became a student newspaper again in 1969; discontinued publication from 1980 until 1989 when it again became a student literary publication.<br /><br />Click on <a title="The Collegian" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=26">Items in The Collegian Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 4 pages Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Collegian_1934_11_23 Title A name given to the resource St. John's Collegian, November 23, 1934 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-11-23 Description An account of the resource Vol. XLVI, No. 6 of the St. John's Collegian. Published on November 23, 1934. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bailey Jr., Roland J. (Editor-in-Chief) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Student publication https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/e3212b922e7e9912ede940f39fe77fda.pdf 8ee0cf1c6650f81e6dc3fa95db2f03d4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Collegian Description An account of the resource The Collegian began as a student newspaper; became a college community literary publication in 1952 and continued until 1969; became a student newspaper again in 1969; discontinued publication from 1980 until 1989 when it again became a student literary publication.<br /><br />Click on <a title="The Collegian" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=26">Items in The Collegian Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 4 pages Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Collegian_1934_12_7 Title A name given to the resource St. John's Collegian, December 7, 1934 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934-12-07 Description An account of the resource Vol. XLVI, No. 7 of the St. John's Collegian. Published on December 7, 1934. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bailey Jr., Roland J. (Editor-in-Chief) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Student publication