5 20 5655 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. John's College History Collection Description An account of the resource Abstract The scope of the materials in this collection is focused on St. John’s College, Annapolis, particularly related to its functions, activities, and perceptions of St. John’s College in the news media. Records include items such as correspondence with public figures, planning notes for public activities, newspaper clippings about the College, essays and published materials, along with some assorted ephemera. While the bulk of the materials are from the 20th century, some items date back into the 18th and 19th century. Because of the breadth of time covered by the collection, many important cultural and educational milestones are represented in the materials. It is also worth noting that the St. John’s College Santa Fe campus is occasionally mentioned in these records, though it is not the focus of the collection. Arrangement Items are arranged in series by type of record (such as Correspondence) or subject matter (such as 275th Anniversary). Related Material Almost all of the materials pertaining to the history of St. John’s College prior to 1900 are housed at the Maryland State Archives. For permission to access to these collections see the Director of the St. John’s College Greenfield Library. The St. John’s College archives collections also include materials related to: commencement; admissions; Dr. Richard Weigle; Hector Humphrey; other college officials, etc. These materials are housed in separate collections but may also be useful to consult. <a title="History Collection Finding Aid" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/files/original/FindingAidforHistoryCollection.docx">Original Finding Aid</a> (created by Megan Craynon) Click on <a title="History Collection Finding Aid" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=27">Items in the St. John's College History Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Craynon, Megan Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1795-2008 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource paper Language A language of the resource English French Russian Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Finding Aid Descriptive document containing detailed information about a specific collection of papers or records within an archive. Inventory <table><thead><tr><td> Folder # </td> <td> Author </td> <td> Title/Description </td> <td> Date(s) </td> <td> Medium </td> <td> Notes </td> </tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> 11-1 </td> <td> </td> <td> St. John’s College Sixth Great Books Seminar in Europe </td> <td> 1958 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-2 </td> <td> </td> <td> Great Books Seminar in Europe </td> <td> 1956 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-3 </td> <td> </td> <td> Great Books Seminar in Europe </td> <td> 1957 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-4 </td> <td> </td> <td> Great Books Seminar in Europe </td> <td> 1955 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-5 </td> <td> </td> <td> Great Books Seminar in Europe </td> <td> 1954 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-6 </td> <td> </td> <td> Eva Brann Letter to seniors on oral examinations </td> <td> 2/14/1990 </td> <td> Photocopy </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-7 </td> <td> </td> <td> 1995-1996 Undergraduate profile </td> <td> 9/18/1996 </td> <td> original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-8 </td> <td> </td> <td> St. John’s College Official Roster </td> <td> 1995-1996 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-9 </td> <td> </td> <td> 1996-1997 class schedule </td> <td> 9/3/1996 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-10 </td> <td> </td> <td> Memorandum re: beginning of 1996-1997 </td> <td> 4/1996 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-11 </td> <td> </td> <td> SJC Bookstore Catalog Spring 1996 </td> <td> 1996 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-12 </td> <td> </td> <td> St. John’s College Official Roster, 1996-1997 </td> <td> 9/5/1996 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-13 </td> <td> </td> <td> January Freshman and Graduate Institute Schedule </td> <td> 1/3/1997 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-14 </td> <td> </td> <td> Curriculum, Graduate Institute </td> <td> 1/3/1997 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-15 </td> <td> </td> <td> 1997 Graduate Institute Preceptorials </td> <td> 1997 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td> 11-16 </td> <td> </td> <td> 1997 Graduate Institute Teaching Slate </td> <td> 1997 </td> <td> Original </td> <td> </td> </tr></tbody></table> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. John's College History Collection Academic Program (Box 2 of 2) Description An account of the resource Materials in this series relate directly to the academic work of St. John’s College. Examples include French workbooks, report cards, layouts of the program of study, and similar documents. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1840-1997 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource paper Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Box 11 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kerr, David Kerr, John Leeds McDowell, John Maynadeir, Henry Meiklejohn, Alexander Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 Fell, Thomas Barr, Stringfellow, 1897-1982 Weigle, Richard Daniel, 1912- Alexander, John D. Brann, Eva T. H. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St. John's College Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Finding aid https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/31d6d3400ad38ca0ae8bc2c91d6baa56.pdf 903c3da5ed40050a587bc11e5a641d54 PDF Text Text AN ADDRESS TO THE ALUMNI AND STUDENTS OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, ANNAPOLIS. Delivered February U, 180. BY JOHN TAYLOE OF LOMAX, VIRGINIA. BALTIMORE: WOODS l AND CRANE, PRINTERS. 1842. !II'~~~~~~~~--~~!il �AN ADDRESS TO THE ALUMNI AND STUDENTS OF ST. JOHN 'S COLLEGE, ANNAPOIJS. Delivered February U , 180. BY JOHN TAYLOE OF LOMAX, VIRGINIA. BALTIMORE: WOODS AND CRANE, 1842. I f. PRINTER S. �ADDRESS . GENTLEMEN ALUMNI- Emboldened by your kindness I shall make the effort, I fear an unsuccessful one, to discharge the duty to which your partiality has invited me. I advance to it with the overwhelming distrust of any talent of mine, suitably to express my own feelings, or to strike the responsive sympathies of your bosoms, in this our revived intercourse. Whatever humble pretensions to imagery of thought, or to the graces of elocution, the exercises of this seminary may at one time have tended to awaken in me, they have all been dispelled by the labours of professional occupation, and the ·advancing sobrieties of age. If the flattering honour, with which your kindness has graced me, upon this occasion, was won by the intensity of my affections for these halls and all its beloved associations, every fibre of my heart is testifying that your favor has not been unmerited. All beyond that must be ascribed to a generosity and partiality for which I am most profoundly grateful. A few more months will complete the cycle of half a century, since I e~tered these halls as a student ; and rather more than forty-four years since I quitted them. The glittering prospects which the world held up to the hopes and aspirations of the precocious graduate, were then deemed more than a compensation for the pangs of separation from the scenes of early instruction, and the beloved associations of my boyhood . These prospects have eluded the ardor which pursued them . I return after this long separation, to this pl ace and to the surviving companions, who here shared with me the toils and delights of our early studies, to make the acknowledgment that here and with them, wa s spent the happiest period of my life. I f �5 4 To that happy period, amidst all the ~icissitudes which have intervened, remembrance has been fondly gravitating. The · panorama of the scenes of our youth has been deeply engraved in all their brightness and distinctness and vivacity upon the faithful tablets of the memory, and its contemplation has afforded fond and frequent enjoyment. In looking back to a date fifty years, from the pinnacle of the present times, what wonderful changes in the face of society fill up the period of this retrospection. It has been one, eventful beyond any other of the like duration, recorded in the history of the world. These changes have involved mind and matters, deeply affecting individuals and nations in all their social and political relations. In contempla;inO' their results, the philanthropists may exult in the confident0hope that they have laid the foundations of a s~lid and progressive amelioration of the condition of our species. New sciences have been developed, out "f scattered phenomena, which fifty years ago, had hardly awakened inquiry, as to the laws and relations by which they were governed: whilst those which had already been grasped by the human intellect, have with greater accuracy and profoundness been explored and enlarged. The sciences and the art~, derivi~g a mutual aid from each other, have both been qmckened m their improvements, and genius has been stimulate~ int? more active inventiveness. New powers, or new combmatwns of powers, applied to new purposes, have to an inc~lcula~le extent, supplied and superseded the labours and mampulati?ns of man. To a corresponding extent they may be considered as having multiplied a labouring population, acc.elerated. ~n<l augmented productiveness and the wealth of ?at.w.ns, facilitated, cheapened, and more widely dispensed to 111d1v1~uals, most of the comforts and enjoyments of life. The operations of the press have been progessi vely diffusing the benefits of knowledge in regions, from which they had been heretofore .excluded amongst classes of society who seemed to be doomed to mental darkness. Instruction is afforded in every form of appliance, to all the degrees and pec~li.arities. of intellectual capacity, and suited to all the opportunities enJoyed for mental improvement. Education has gone abroad among the P?or as well as the rich, and christian piety has brough t to its aid the Sabbath ~chools, where the young and the poor redeemed from the idleness with which the day of holy res( was won~ to .be profaned, have restored it to -its consecration, by holdmg· rntercourse with God ' through the st ud y o f h' W or d • Th · . 1s e m.1ss10nanes ~f the christian church are bearing with apo.stohc zeal and mtrepidi ty, the gospel to all the benighted reg10ns. ~f th~ earth; awakening the savage from the death of supersht10n. m which he was inhumed · inspiri·nO' a ne w cre. . . , " a~10n mto his ~ea~·t, and elevating him by the power of religwn, t~ t!ie d1gm ty of civilized man and to communion with th~ chnshan's God. Man ascending higher in the scale of his enjoyments, has become better acquainted with his social relations ~nd with his political rights. The governments of Europe, m the decaying foundations of feudal tyranny, have been compelled, of. necessity, to seek their own strength in the resources, and m the prosperity and comforts of the people. The day . has passed by, when the monarch, in the ~aughtmess of his power, could say "I am the state." The irrepressible sp.irit of inquiry and discussion upon the subject of human relat10ns, has laid bare the foundations of political power, a~d has taught the people to know, and their rulers to feel, the important truth, that governments were made for the benefit of the governed. The force of this truth, even where the ~eople have not been admitted to a share in the administrat10n of government, has bowed down the ears of their rulers to listen to the wants and the interests and the opinons of the people. Am~ngst all the changes which have taken place in the world m mode~·n. times, there have been none more strik ing a~d ~ore gratifymg to the philanthropist, than the abatement w1t.hm less than thi~ty years past, of that spirit of hostility which formerly embittered the relations of nations to each other, and to which extending to the members of different communities, excited in the people of one nation, all the malignancy of personal hatred against those belonging to every other. The proof of this change is presented . in the fact, of that general peace which has now prevailed throughout Europe I f, �7 6 for more than a quarter of a century. The principle seems · to be entering into the foreign policy of all · the nations of christendom, to facilitate and quicken the means of commerce and international communication, to control nations by moral influences, rather than by the power of the sword, to strengthen the bonds of peace, and to embrace all the world in the connexions of amity. Public opinion, reciprocated and collected, from all quarters of the globe, is assuming the justice seat, as the mighty arbiter, to sit in judgment upon the conduct of individuals and governments in every nation. Its jurisdiction is becoming commensurate with the world. Its impartial sentence admits of no appeal, and the record of that sentence, upon the pages of history, will be forever irreversible. The P""' i• i1' g<and inque", who•e finding• a<e ,,nt forth with the velocity of winds and of steam, to be promptly tried at the bar of this augu;;t tribunal. In this chancery the stoutest despot may tremble at the fearless disclosure of his tyrannies. Before it even a Tiberius or a Nero might shrink ashamed and dismayed; and might feel their cruelty subdued into the simulation and practice of virtue. The oppressed even in those countries where the hand of an iron despotism lies heaviest, feel some protection ·in the sympathies of this ar.biter, and in the terrors which it suspends over the heads of their oppressors.during my association here with my cotemporary It was alumni, that the French revolution assumed that baleful aspect of crime and horror, which will forever make it the most frightful and amazing event in the history of the world. The feelings with which we, in common with the world, were agitated in the progress of that revolution, have subsided. We can now look back to the scenes, which it exhibited to our youthful contemplation, in the calm sobriety of age, and extract from its history, the great novel and political truths with which it abounds. It was a spectacle worthy of all the enthusiasm of sympathy and hope which it excited, when twentyfive millions of men, redeeming themselves from the most corrupt and despotic of governments, asserted their right to be free. But there is a wide difference between reforming the oppressions and the abuses of government, and its utter subversion. It a rema I·I' worthy thais " the subversion of of one of the profoundest of pol1't' . · b t a govern 1c1ans e considered but as a t ment, to deserve praise ; bette.·, eith" ,: ;: to the focma;io:u;f ~omething pc~parntocy Itnh_the persons who administe; i~c oiei-~eo the government, or bf 1s sche me o f emancipatin• a' . m oth •'' The acto" in i h orm, uprooted from th . ~ mig ty nation, instead of d e1r 1ound f rea.n the whole edifice of the a wns all their institutions ne~ of a visionary philosoph go~~:nrnent. . Indulging the theotheir ancient establ' ·h y substituted l'b " men", y, •cheme f . in the pI ace of a I erty and of impracticable r o wild and unbridled The government f F ity. , . ·1 o v1g1 ance over the press ranee ' m the exercise of its despoti .. auspiciously for its own pfinor to the revolution, had most i c sa ety and the l" nsuppressed all animadversio h we iare of the nation abuses of th e government wh'lw atsoever upon tie practical n t. 1 ' . of mqu· . I iry, an d d1seussion,' as to s it granted u nboun ded license the . equ~ and philosophy l~f humanto rights. Hostility to thbmetaphysicsthe clergy was icensed be waged ' md. . !fectly e abuses of h .. e very foundations of chrisf ~ y wntmgs, which assailed of .s?cial order, and moralit ia:7r~ an~ the great principles "'.ntmgs, which tended to d: r poisoned by applauded cite to the lewdest sensuality ~n:v~h~he sentimen~s, and to inness. The subtle m fl uence . the . most profligate selfis h. of .. mto the whole mass of societ se wnt1~gs had infused itself elements of France the f . d Y· In this state of the moral 1 ' nen s of r 1 . wor' of wresting despotism from evo u~10n advanced to the proudest monarchy in E the gnpe of the oldest and ro urope-of red . h gance of a feudal aristocra ucmg t e in veterate arancestral chivalry-of s bd emblazoned in the of ~ate power and privile e~ o:mg and secularizing the inorditmg from vil!anage an~ oppre: .corrupt clergy, and of elevaN~ attempt•, howevec cautioo';~· th~ pmantcy and people _ocm of a body politic •o c '."a e, at the mo.t grnduai p1bous circumstances Id honst1tuted, under the most pr strugg les of the most' violent ave .failed to have roused the cou o. the fires of the fiercest d' op~os1tlon, and to have kindled combining and adj~stin in;~sens~~ns. The arduous work of fiedfi interest!'! wh' h would have g pohtwal harmony ' these d' . "' IC d 1vers1pro oundest and most ex . excee ed the capacity of th penenced statesmen was h · e . 'I ' un app1ly t ~y, '~ ~enown �9 8 for France-unhappily for the world-in the hands of men, who, previously thereto, had been utterly denied all participation in the administration of public affairs; and whose initiation into the powers of legislation, was the work of remodeling a mighty kingdom. But even among the schemes of these vast and prodigious changes, there were blazing the fires of furious discord and strife, of dissension as to the means, and as to the objects and extent of the revolution, which they were conducting. The only concurrence of the parties, into which they were divided, was as to the formation of some new po· litical system, upon new and original foundations; and whence were the lights to be sought which should guide the architects in erecting this system? not from the sources o.f their own practical knowledge-not from the experience and history of other nations. The volumes were before them, filled with the abstractions of political philosophy, which had been the familiar manuals of their studies; whence the architects drew the plan, in all its shadowy and metaphysical proportions, for the mighty edifice under which shelter and protection would be found for the liberties of this illustrious nation. For the broad foundation on which this system was to rest, all orders and conditions of life were to be crushed into universal equality. It was not sufficient to build up a system, without regard to the habits, the feelings, the condition of the society, for which it was framed; but man was to be reconstructed upon the models of fanciful speculation, to suit him to the system. This crude scheme of a republic which was pretended to be fashioned for France, was as it has been aptly described, "a wild attempt to methodize anarchy ; to perpetuate and fix disorder." Party triumphed over party in sanguinary succe.ssion, each party alike selfish and ferocious-all assuming the garb of purest patriotism, professing devotion to the people, whom they were butchering, and howling forth incantations to liberty and equality, which they were trampling under foot. Faction usurped the place of government, anarchy tore asunder all the bonds of social order, depravity loosened all the ties of domestic love. The impudence of vice, and a shameless emulation in the most dissolute licentiousness were professed and erected into habits of republican morality, with the pur- pose of dethronina all earth! y I. r o ongs, was blasph I iessed the determination t d h emous y proverse. o et rone the Sovereign of the uni- In the halls of that Convention which I . . representative wisdom a cl . c aimed to be the . n virtue of the most e I' I t d hon of Europe' were the be1· f and worshi fGn d l ene na. rg ie and there was adoratio n pa1.cl to the goddess of renounced; P0 o sonified in beauty without mode . . reason, perHoly of Holies. Oh I 't ~ty, usm p.mg the place of the . i was a iearful thmg wh f h halls, it was announced th t . ' en rom t ese would no longer have' Go~ t: na~10n of 25,000,000 of men foolishness of man was rdeign over them ; when the · pronounce to be · h vidence of heaven-wh .. wiser t an the proof the word of G cl edn a dark philosophy assumed the place cl 0 -an a cold and che ·I philanthropy, was to be planted in metaphym the place of th.e charities and consolations of men, graces and sanct10ns of christianity A f I hopes and when God seemed at th . . . . . . w u was the scene, ' e rmp10us b1ddmg of . hold the effusions of h' g1.ace from that 1s tman, .to w1thf . and crime which lay b fi . was e o mfidehty e ore 11 rm- when he seem cl t d er his temples and his It . a ars to sacrilege whe e II o surrenr . sanc tions being renounced h I n a re 1g10usexcept by human sanct' ' de eft the heart unrestrained . wns an moral sense t0 . d I . its furious and mar()" . ' m Ll ge m all fh ionant propensity for crime. But th ' o eaven are ever gracious, and there is mere eve e wrath. It is a scene W h.IC h hea ven has ky d · n m hrs for the instruction of the world mar m terrifi_c cal illustration of the th . , 11· • • It rs the practieones, w 1ch mfidelit · place of the truths wh' h h Y proposes m the of mankind. It is th~c amea:~en re~e~ls ~or the government own agency, of the eternal t;:~h vmd~cat10n, through man's that other foundation ca .. '1 which has been revealed, the Hol W n no man ay than that which is laid in y ord. On what theatre of the I b able for the success of h . go e, more fa vourbe) could infidel pl ·1 t ehexpd~nment (if successful it could ' 11 osop y !splay th ffi morality, and the power f I e e cacy of human roved t . . l o mora sense, enlightened and imP ' o impe and control and cl' t h path of virtue 'I .!fee uman actions in the 2 . There was no nation more blessed in soil and ~ical ;~ee~o:n an~ms ,"a~s cha~acters, ~ I f, �10 climate ~nd in every natural advantage. Her population, as ' h f l d humoured and con- if by nature were brave, c eer u ' goo tented. Sh~ was illumined by every science, adorned by the tro hies o.f every art, and decked in wreaths .of every muse, p l" hed in all the refinements which can elevate and accomp is . the ·b·l't·es or throw the restramts of decency upon the sens1 1 1 I ' f . If philosophy could have redeemed man rom pass10ns. · f . d could have renewed him in the image o a pure cnme, an d · . n that was the place, and those were the ays, m mo1a t y, . . . f l . generawhich it would have poured out its spmt o mora ie . tion upon its disciples. But its spiri.t w~s. p~ured out .m the . cord eprava t10n of the human heart-111 civil anarchy-111i:1 . . -. . 11 the charities of social and domestic hfe-m u astruptrng a · h d ing all the objects of human reverence and love-m t e estruction of all that is worthy of man to live for! an~ w.hat to . c perd ie 101• 1 sleep 1 Oh eternal sleep! and 8hall man m his h • . . h ·11 t1 be bl1"nd to the awful instructions wh1c t . ese verseness, s him-and will he still seek for the delus10ns scenes presen t to . of a false philosophy, instead of seeking "Him who is the way and the truth and the life 'I'' . . The rage for military gl?ry and foreign. ~onquest. l~rndled 111 this revolutionary anarchy the wildest spmt of political fa~a ticism. The dogmas of philosophical lib~rty and equality' which had deluged France in blood, were, 111 the pretence of universal benevolence for man, propagated as the only foundations of legitimate government throughout the world. Incendiary excitements to rebellion and anarchy were every where scattered through the surrounding states. All ~ystems of social polity, inconsistent with the th~ory of the rights of man were denounced as tyrannical and rnsufferable; and the ema~cipation of the subjects of (oreign nation~'. from the t~ ranny of their governments roused all. the chanties of repubh'fhe established polity of states was to be can crusa ders · . upset, that the social condition of ~heir sub!ects rrnght b.e remodelled, at the dictation of foreign fanatics~ upo~ their theories of human rights, and according to their notions of liberty and equality. The loss of national independenc~, the desolation and horrors of civil war, was the cheap pnce of this foreign interference, and of the proffered blessings of protection and fraternity and emancipation. 11 The distractions of party, which long continued to agitate republican France, were at last terminated, in that catastrophe, which anacchy never fa ils to prod uce, a military despotism, under the sceptre of that wonderful genius, by whom that despotism was usurped. France enlarged by foreign conquest, rose into the most stupendous po wer that the world has beheld, since the downfall of the Roman Empire. Monarchs were compelled to throw down their crowns at the feet of this imperial despot, or to abdicate their thrones to be filled by his appointment, or to hold them in vassalage to his power. The subjugation of three-fourths of Europe to his dominion was not enough to satisfy his inordinate ambition, which seemed to grasp the empire of the world. At length overwhelmed in the tempests of a Russian winter, the refluent tide of victory scattered his glory ,and power into fragments; and haughty France was compelled by the combined forces ~ Europe to behold the abdicated throne of imperial greatness filled by the restored dynasty of her beheaded king. But short was the reign of their folly and imbecility. Another revolution hurled them from the throne, which they proved unworthy or incompetent to fill : and the crown has been placed on the head of another dynasty, in the novel elevation of a citizen king. From these revolutionary horrors, engendered by philosophical speculations on the abuses and oppressions of despotic power, and raging in all the madness of crime, and impiety the mind seeks relief, in turning to contemplate the efficacy of those great principles of Anglo-Saxon liberty, which sustained the land of our fathers, during that momentous period of convulsion which agitated and afflicted continental Europe. It has ever been the policy of that race to regard their liberties, as the reliques of ancestral wisdom and bravery, secured by magna charta, and the principles of their jurisprudence, reaching back beyond human memory into a remote antiquity. Their origin is not to be sought in the visions of abstract philosophy; but they are _to be traced back, through the experience of practical wisdom, to those institutions which in the dissolution of the Roman Empire, were established throughout tht: nations of Europe, as best adapted to the condition I I �I 12 in which they were then placed. If in the feudal system of government, there are to be found the features of a harsh and_ oppressive aristocracy, it was not without securities for popular rights. These securities were from various causes, gradually weakened or obliterated in the political institutions of the continental states : but they were valiantly maintained in Great Britain by our Anglo-Saxon ancestors. They never permitted any element of popular rights, which existed in the system, that had descended to them, to be extinguished by the usurpations of the crown or the arrogance of the nobles. For these they struggled against the power of their Norman conquerors, and successfully restored and maintained them, in the charters which were extorted from their decendants. These elements of popular freedom continued to be cherished and progressively to be ameliorated, and to be adapted to the changing c.ndition of society, until they expanded into democratic representation in parliament, and the power of taxation, and juries, and independent judges, and freedom of the press, and maxims and laws for the security of the subject as fixed as the vital principles of the constitution itself-which cannot be taken away without the cons,ent of all the powers of the state, and which dare not be invaded by any of them without upsetting the whole edifice of the government. If there is to be found in the British history any thing like revolution (with the exception of the temporary excesses of religious fanaticism) it has been for conservation of rights, attempted to be disturbed or destroyed; for the restoration of rights which have been suspended or temporarily lost. The spirit of change in the British institutions has, in the language of Lord Bacon, "followed the example of time itself, which indeed innovates greatly, but quietly and by degrees scarcely to be perceived; avoiding experiments _ the state, except the necessity be urin gent, or the utility evident-and taking care that it is a reformation that draws on the change, and not the desire of change that pretends . the reformation; and when novelties be not rejected, yet they shall be held for a suspect.'' The system of Anglo-Saxon government and of jurisprudence has advanced in analogy to nature in just correspondence and 13 symmetry with the order o~ society, and a pliancy and fitness to its changes. It has never aimed at the reconstruction of the moral relations upon any speculative models. It takes them as it finds them, and protects and ameliorates them and ' ' accompanies and adapts itself to them, in their progress to the hightest degree of improvement. I mean not, in the abstract, to express approbation of hereditary monarchy or aristocracy, or of religious establishments, and other institutions engrafted upon the political system of Great Britain. These were found engrafted in the very elements of the system, and it may have been most wise to tolerate them in the state of society which has grown up under them. But I do applaud the wisdom with which restraints upon them have been incorporated in the system, in those great principles of liberty, under the shelter and protection of which the people never can be slaves, even under a monarchy; and without which the people would be slaves even under a republic. Nor do I mean to say that the action of the English government may not sometimes, at periods of peril or excitement, or under the influence of the s?irit of party, have been greatly disturbed, and may not in particular cases have had a strong tendency to oppression. But I do believe that in the Anglo-Saxon institutions, whether as they have existed in this country or in Great Britain, there is a greater amount of rational liberty, better regulated, and better protected and secured, than can be found in the institutions of any race of men that has ever existed upon the face of the globe. It was the spirit of these institutions which sustained Great Britain amidst all the revolutions and convulsions which for more than twenty years agitated continental Europe to the centre. Her opposition to the revolutionary fana ticism and ~ilitary. power of France was steady and unceasing, sometimes with the co-operation of other powers, sometimes alone she only, maintained her government unshaken, her spirit un~ broken, her soil unviolated, her power unsubdued, her resources expanded with the pressure which encumbered them. The loyalty of her people clung to her government and rallied to ~er standar~, in all the perils and vicissitudes of that trying pe~10d, unternfied by the tempests which were shaking into rums the powers around her : undismayed by disaster, she I f �.. 14 . I \ I I I I I I I maintained her lofty attitude of unblenching defiance and gallant hostility to France, in all the growth of her colossal power. It becomes not the citizens of these states, unconnected as we are with the political relations of other countries, to display extravagant sympathies in the good or ill fortune of any of the nations of Europe ; but in the displays of the indomitable vigor and solidity of Anglo-Saxon institutions, and of the spirit which they inspire, it is not unbecoming that we should rejoice. These instituti'ons our forefathers aided to establish in England, and are the same which in their elements, they transplanted and renovated in the soil of America. That spirit transmitted in the blood of common ancestors, is the same which under these institutions still fire~ the bosoms of their American offspring. During this period of political change, Great Britain, however, has not been stationary. Her political institutions have underg01rn reformations. The struggles to ob1ain them have been agitating; but their success has been bloodless. It is in her legislative halls, not in her fields ensanguined by civil strife, that the persevering champions of popular rights have at last triumphed, in the success of parliamentary reform and Catholic emancipation. Our own continent also, in what were once portions of the kingdoms of Portugal and Spain, has been the theatre of vast political changes. They too have burst the chains which bound them to the domination of the mother countries-and now, from the limits of Maine to the extremity of Cape Horn, no European power holds dominion in America, and from the people of all this vast. region the united declaration has gone forth to the world, that it stands forever redeemed and emancipated from the colonization of foreign powers. In their redemption from foreign tyranny, these nations have made large advances to the accomplishment of the liberties and prosperity of their people. But the Portuguese kingdom in America still continues to hug the chains of tyranny within, which were severed from without ; and whilst it has, in the great commonwealth of nations, taken its rank as a free and independent state, the freedom and independence of her people are still oppressed by a thraldom, as despotic as ever. The 15 Spanish kingdoms have assumed the form of republican states, and have1 for the most part, adopted institutions, of which ours in Northern America, have served for models. With what success such institutions may diffuse all the blessiwrs of 0 free government among a people so differently constituted in habits, feelings, religion, orders, castes and intelligence from our own population, is a subject of deep and painful anxiety, which a.n inscru:able future can alone remove. Amongst all the subjects which the pages of modern history present for philosophic speculation, none is more interesting than a comparison between the causes, incidents and consequences of these revolutions in Southern America, under the dominion of Portugal and Spain, and that of the colonies in Northern America, under the dominion of Great Britain. The former were constituent portions, far separated in distance, from the parent kingdoms, whose stern and universal despotism, embraced in its gripe, all that were subject to their dominion. That despotism was greatly aggravated by the seve~ity of monopolies and restrictions, which directed all the resources and all the productiveness of these distant portions of their realms into currents, to swell the cupidity and ·avarice of sordid task-masters, in the mother countries. In the bosoms of their American subjects, . every pulse of freedom was suppressed, from their minds every ray of political truth was intercepted, a black cloud of ignorance enveloped all the orders and castes of their heterogeneous and unequal society, and tyranny. had subdued into slavish humility the spirit of thei~ populat10n. To British America the great principles of liberty had been translated, as an inherent birthright, of which no power c01.1ld disinherit the colonists. The right of legislation and taxat10n through their own representative, of administering justice, of jury trial, of the freedom of speech and of the press, were among their inalienable privileges. The facilities of education gave them access to all the illuminations of science and improvements in the arts, and to the refinements of taste and literature. No prerogatives of the crown were c~lled ~nto exercise in these distant regions-there had been no migrat10ns of nobles to plant in America the seeds of hereditary aristocracy-no hierarchy to cast the shade of bigotry '1 �16 17 over the freedom of religious opinion or religious faith. Under this system of polity these colonial appendag~s of the ki~1gdom of Great Britain, had struck deep into the soil of Amenca, the germinations of vast republics, invigorated by the spirit and protection of Anglo-Saxon jurisprudenc~ . When at length ~he mother country, disregarding the theories of her own constitution, invaded the rights which _ colonists claimed _with her, the as a common inheritance, she found that the colomsts were freemen, that the race from which they were descended could not breed slaves-that they had caught from her own altars, along with the spirit of freedom, an intre~id and i~domitable courage to defend it from every aggress10n. It_ '.s, my spected auditors, by comparing the happy cond1t10n, which peculiarly distinguishes the people, governed and prot:cted by Anglo-Saxon institutions, from all other races of mankmd, that we are taught the inestimable blessings of the system of government under which we live, that our hearts are elevated into an ennobling love of our country, and are penetrated with gratitude to heaven for having made us wh~t we are. There was indeed a fearful period in our history, when there hung over the destinies of these infant stat~s a portentous cloud, from which were thundering the warnings of that fate, which ~ so often in the history of the world,_ h~d blasted the prospects of nations who had achieved theJr liberty by their heroism, which they had not the ability to preserve ~y · · t he1r w1s dom. That period immediately succeeded the brilliant events of the Revolution. At the commencement of the Revolution, a system of confederation of the states had_ been adopted to supply the place of that discarded power m the British government, which had regulated ~nd repr:sented the colonies, in common with the 1~est of the k1~gdom, ~n the concerns of peace and war, and in their exterior relations. !he powers of this confederation were exercised by representatives of sovereign states assembled in congress, and by m:ans of · 10ns upon . the states • without any legal sanct10ns to reqms1·t· enforce them. This system was found feeble even when a spirit of hostility against a common enemy, and a com~on sense of danger, rallied all hearts to the standard of the umon. When peace was achieved, the languid powers of the confe- :e- deration scarcely he_ together the dissolving ties of the states, ld among whom many causes of dissension were beginning to fester. Deplorable was the condition of these states, as it was disclosed in the cotemporary representations. According to them, we had experienced every thing which could wound the pride degrade the character of an independent people. Our engagements violated-public debts undischarged and unprovided for-territories and ports retained by Great Britain, in· violation of the treaty of peace-the navigation of the Mississippi denied us by Spain, in violation of right and of compact; no troops, nor treasury, nor efficient government to resent these aggressions--no public credit-commerce at the lowest ebb, the imbecility of government such as to deter foreign nations from treating with us-our ambassadors abroad regarded as the pageants of a mimic sovereignty-the value of lands decreasing private credit distrusted-and the catalogue of the public misfortunes of a community, blessed with every natural advantage, was filled _up with all the indications of national disorder, poverty, and insignificance. To repair this <liU!pidated condition of the tottering union was the arduous undertaking of the framers of our present constitution. Of the full extent of the difficulties which they encountered in this undertaking, the whole hns not· until recently been known. Fortunately for us and for future generations, some met'Dorial of them has been preserved in the posthumous works of that most illustrious character and best of men, who survived a!! his co-labourers in this mighty work, which stands a perpetual monument of their wisdom and magnanimity and patriotism. It was in the construction of this renovated system of federal government, and not until then, that our Revolution was perfected and it s benefits secured. Who can look down, without horror, into that dark abyss, opening to engulf all the glories and achievements of our revolutionary struggles, and contemplate the wild uproar of national animosity, and civil discord and anarchy, which lay in its dark profound. That frightful gulf has been closed, I fondly hope forever closed, by building up from its depth, a mighty edifice of political freedom and social order-the security of or 3 '' �18 [I I \ i9 the states and of the people-the admiration of the world. Jn all its parts it displays the skill of mighty architects-in all its arrancrements arc found the traces of exalted patriotism and I:> magnanimous compromise. As soon as this constitution went into operation, with Washington for the president, our renovated union roused from its debility, like a yodthfol giant from his slumbers. The nalion was raised as an instant from the dust of its humiliation-its credit was redeemed and resuscitated-its engagements fulfilled-its foreign and domestic debt provided for-its treasury supplied-the obligations of foreign powers complied with-and commerce unfurling its sails and the constellated flag of the union in every sea-treaties of amity and commerce sought with us by foreign natio_ns-our ambassadors respected by foreign courts, and reflecting by their talents, a lustre upon the character of the nation-private credit revived--:the arm of industry nerved with renewed vigour-and our lands increasing in value and teeming with productiveness. A grateful country beholds, in the administration of her first president, a wisdom in council, exceeding · even his glory in arms. In our foreign relations, his sagacity early discovered that the true policy of his country was, "never to quit the ad vantages of our own peculiar, detached and distant situation, to stand on foreign ground; nor by interweaving our destiny with that of any part of Europe, to entangle our peace and prosperity in the toils of European ambition, rivalship, interest, humour or caprice.'' This principle stands embodied as a maxim in our foreign policy, which none would be now disposed to controvert, or to discard. , The energy of mind and intrepidity of soul, which were ta$ked in our first president to fix and establish it, can only be known and appreciated by the cotemporaries who witnessed the agitations of popular excitement within, and the aggressions of the European belligerents to disturb it from without. In our internal concerns, our new constitution developed during Washington's administration, alt its varied capacities for conferring and perpetuating liberty and prosperity upon our people. On this consecrated day• may we not, in the retrospect of the history of our government from its commencement to the present period, claim from the the justice of our countrymen, the acknowledgment, that at no period has it been more wisely administered than by Washington; that at no period has its tendency, as affecting the morals of the people, the internal and external commerce of the nation, and the prosperity of the states, been more salutary and steady, than its tendency as impelled by his wisdom, and under the . institutions as organized with his concurrence 1 May not the practical experience of our institutions as unfolded by him, be safely consulted and relied upon in all times by the descendants of those ancestors, whose whole ~history has been characterized for sober wisdom, "avoiding experiments in the staJe, except the necessity be urgent, or the utility evident> and taking care, that it is a reformation that draws on the change, and not the desire of change which pretends the reformation." Our march was still onward ,' onward to prosperity. There has not been wanting in the display of our national improvements, a single test, which indicates, with unerring certainty, the blessings of a good government and a prosperous people. A success, beyond the most sanguine calculations and any parallel in the history of society, has signally marked the annals of our institutions. There may, .in particular measu res, have been errors, to disturb their course in the full tide of successful experiment. The tempests of party may at times have greatly agitated the political fabric, and seemed to have exposed it to perils imminent and alarming; our institutions with their recuperative energies have braved the storm, and still preserved their onward co~irse to peace and prosperity. Practical blunders, or party extravagances, have never accumulated into fixed or habitual oppression. Every year has the interminable wilderness of the west surrendered wider and wider clearings for the advances of civilization and agriculture. Regions which fifty years ag o had been hardly explored, have been redeemed by the arm of a st~rdy industry, and are now teeming with plenty, and are covered with a refined and active population, and are glittering with villages and cities. Population cannot outrun the protection of the I f �20 I I 21 government, or territories expand beyond the embrace, whic h reaches forth to encircle them within the union. Shall these institutions continue to flourish and to spread their benignant energies, till all the regions from the Atlantic to the Pacific shall be peopled wi.th the decendants of one common origin, glowing with a common love of liberty under republican forms of government, and offering up the adorations. of a christian faith to the throne of heaven ? I do hope so ! However inauspicious the signs of the times, I will fondly believe so ! I will not forego the hope, I will not abandon the belief, -that there exists in every portion of this nation, a catholic patriotism, uncorrupted by party, which will continue to rally around tlie constitution and the union, and will defend them against the fanaticism and the local jealousies that are assailing them. The blessings which they have diffused throughout the whole length and breadth of this nation, indi vidually and politically, are as inappreciable, as the calamities, springing from the loss of them, are incalculable. We have seen and known and felt the blessings, to a degree of happiness and prosperity of which no example can be found in the history of any nation in th~ world-of the calamities, a ll that we know is the dreadful truth of their certainty whene" er that loss may come, as to the intensity and magnitude v and extent of these calamities, should they ever come, the mind grows dizzy with horrors in its _ dark conjectures. In every free state, the regulation of the civil condition of those, who constitute its community, must be the exclusive matter of its own peculiar polity. The moment that is surrendered to external influence, whether it be the influence of force or of fanaticism, that state ceases to be free. This axiom in politics was felt in all its force, and was a rallying point of nations during the French revolution. It must ever be so. It is engrafted deeply in our own federal constitution, and there it has acquired the force of love and the faith of compact. Shall patriotism be wanting in any portion of this union, to rise in defence of this fundamental maxim of national and political law, and of this stipulation of plighted faith to suppress the attacks upon the polity of any of the states, by a deluded and wicked fanaticism. An enlarged and liberal con struction of the constitution, as regards the interests of the various states, co-extensive with its provisions and with the spirit of compromise in which it was made, would seem to be the most effectual antidote against sectional dissensions, and the only means of maintaining and perpetuating our institutions. Whether these interests be local or general, whether they have been expressly guaranteed by the terms of the compact, or have been included in the general powers conferred on the federal government by the compromises of state protection, all would seem to be alike comprehended within the beneficence of federal power. The claims for the interposition of that power, to arrest the disturbances of such interests, would seem to be alike sustainable, whether they are unwarrantably assailed from within or from without, whether the protection required is to be afforded by law or by commercial regulation, or in any other mode, without adequate protection to our own labour and capital, they will be regulated by the selfish spirit of foreign monopoly; our revolution is yet incomplete in not having extricated our trade from foreign control. It is not, my respected auditors, in the spirit of party that I advert to these painful and agitating subjects. I should be abusing the privileges which the kindness of the alumni of St. John's have conferred upon me, and I should be unjust to my own feelings, and doubtless equally so to yours, if upon this occasion, and in this place, and upon this day, the spirit of party could find a place in my bosom or utterance from my lips. This day is consecrated to the memory of a hero and sage and patriot, who did more than any one man, to establish our institutions and our union, and to bind them indissolubly together. In them his memory is identified, as the monuments of his virtues and his greatness. The grateful reverence for his name, which this day awakens, blends with it the love of what it was the struggle of his life, in the field and in the councils, to obtain and secure for us. What more appropriate service to his memory can I render, than to awaken my countrymen to the dangers of the dissensions, arising out of "geographical discriminations," which are now agita- I f �23 22 · ting the country, and against which the presages of the Fathei' of his Country have so earnestly warned us, when he poured forth his concentrated wisdom and patriotism in his farewell address to the people of the United States. The beneficence of our system penetrates into all concerns of life, elevating enjoyments that are in some degree selfish, and expanding them in all the del ights of personal intercourse. The consciousness of freedom is ennobled by the pride of state, and the still loftier name of an American. The citizen expands his views· and his sensations through the wide orb of American happiness and glory, and he identifies them as a part of himself and of his own personal enjoyment: and he feels this enjoyment heightened an9 enlivened by the consciousness that the same emotions are swelling in the bosoms of all around him. With this are blended all the recollections of frendship and kindred in their wide dispersions throughout the union. "The cit izens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states,'' is the passport which is written not only in the charter, but in the heart of every American. With them he is conscious are blended the still more endearing privileges and immunities of kindness and love. In whatever remote region of our country his nativity may have been cast, he goes forth in the catholicism of his American name ; on the threshhold of each sovereicrnty • 0 which he enters, he seems to behold the words of the constitution written upon its portal, and in them he feels the assurances of protection and the invitations of kindness. This is his passport, and the surveillance which attends him is the reciproc-ations of brotherly love. In these walls in the days of my boyhood, were these my "privileges and immunities,'' endeared to me by all that the ardour of boyhood could love; and now in the days of declining life, these endearments are still clustering around me with overwhelming kindness. We, my cotemporary alumni, have nearly enjoyed our full measure of that beneficence which our country, in the full vigor of her institutions, could confer or secure to us. From this enjoyment, it is not very long before we may expect to be separated-we have nearly completed the gathering of our harvest. Little remains for us but to scatter from our garners the seeds of our experience and influence, to fructify into the future harvest which is to be gathered by the young who are to succeed us. The defence of these institutions, under which we have prospered, must devolve upon the vigorous heads and hearts an<l arms of the rising generation which is to take our place And may not that d_ efence be safely entrusted to you, my youthful friends? (addressed to the students.) Oh, it w ill be a defence for which you will be vastly responsible. It will be a defence of the dearest object that can animate the hearts or invigorate the actions of men. The destinies not only of your country, but the destinies of freedom, throughout the world, may be deeply involved. To prepare for it your minds must be disciplined with the highest intellectual culture, and your hearts, with the sublimest lessons of morality. Self must be lost in the immensity of the general good which is to be contemplated. Education is unfolding to you all the lights of improving science. It will need all the lights which the most ardent assiduity can concentrate in your minds, to irradiate the path of usefulness which you will have to tread. In this seminary there are advantages enjoyed by you beyond most students in the United States. In its contiguity to the halls of legislation and the supreme court of the state, you have access to practical instruction in the great concerns of jurisprudence, in your earliest initiation into science. In contemplating the scenes, by which I am now surrounded,how irresistably are my recollections carried back to the period of my youthful studies at this place 1 I am living over again the days, when the exercise of the school being finished, we hurried away from the neglected pastime to contemplate in that vene1:ated statehouse, the most illustrious d isplays of justice and wisdom and learning and eloquence in the courts, and in the chambers of the legislature. What ardent aspirations filled our youthful bosoms, as we listened to the eloquence of him who was justly considered as the greatest orator of his day,* and of another,t inferior only to him: and with the recency of the classic e_ xercise still upon the mind, could almost fancy we were enchant•Pinkney. '1 t Phil. B. Key . �( ! 24 25 ed by the eloquence of Cicero and Hortensius in the capitol of Rome? If an officious interest in your future destinies can excuse the recommendation of any study, in addition to your usual collegiate course, I would earnestly direct you to the study of the history of your Anglo-Saxon race of ancestors, and of those institutions, which were established by their wisdom and prudence, for the preservation of their liberty. Let that study be pursued through the annals of our own country. In studying these annals, let me particularly urge upon your attention and profound consideration the study of the causes, which led to the formation of the present constitution, and of the difficulties that had to be surmounted by a magnanimous spirit of compromise among the states, to adjust it in its present form. These studies will teach you practical wisdom as applied to politics; and will guard you against the disastrous reforms and revolutions, springing out of mere philosophical theories, with which it is contrasted. There is also another study that requires more the docility of the heart, than of the head, I mean the study of the- Holy Scriptures. That study will invigorate your intellect by expanding it in its efforts to grasp the stupendous and immense truths which it brings to its contemplation. The Scriptures as a book of philosophy are the only source, from which man can derive a true know~ ledge of what he is, and of the Deity, whom he serves with the sublime and holy attributes which are appropria te to him. As a book of history, they unfold the records of creation; and, far beyond the glimmerings of pagan story, they show the rise and progress and downfall of mighty nations, which issued from the first pair that inhabited the earth. Other histories exhibit the destinies of nations as they seem to be governed and directed by human agency. The Scriptures are the only history of nations, as they are shown in their immediate dependence and connection with the agency of Divine Providence. As a book of literature, it contains the sublimest poetry, the most beautiful and pathetic narratives, and the most splendid imagery, in a style of purest simplicity, far superior to the . best models of classic literature. Its claims to inspiration are signally attested by a variety of proofs . . is particularly striking-the concurren~ Tfhere is one which e 0 all the penmen by whom it was written, though separated f· 1 om each other by · time and space too remote for concert in th . . ' e sameness with which the character of God and of man is d . . escnbed by all and the sameness of the doctrmes w hich they in 1 ' . . .. cu cate. Compare this feature of their wntmgs with the discr . . . epancy to be found m all the works of umnspired philosophers, the sys. . tem of each bemg for the most part peculiar to himself. Oh my young friends, let not a reckless infidelity exclude fro~ your eyes the truths which illumine the Bible; or tear from your bosoms the sacred morality which it teaches, or the hopes and the consolations which it inspires. If you would live for the benefit of mankind, or your country, you must be virtuous, as well as intellectual. From no source, so pure, can you derive the springs of your philanthropy or patriotism, as from the great fountain of the inspired writings. The fruit which was plucked from the tree of knowledge against God's command, was the primal sin of man; the fruit, to be salutary, must still be sought for with his blessing; and under his instructions man is assuming a very different relation to his fellow men from that which subsisted one or two centuries ago. The improvements of recent times, and the facilities of commerce, are spreading wider and wider the social relations, and bringing all the inhabitants of the earth into closer connexion with each other. Our wants multiply with the objects for their gratification and the facilities of obtaining them. Our wants are therefore binding the whole human species more widely and more closely in bonds of mutual dependence. The remotest regions of the earth are tasked, the skill of the savage in the least frequented lands is put in requisition to supply our most common wants. The polar seas are vexed to procure the students nightly lamps-the savage of Kamschatska is pursuing the game whose furs supply the ordinary covering for the head. If you would estimate the dependence of man upon his fellow beings, even in his most common enjoyments, contemplate for a moment the infinite combination of human manipulations and of human agencies, which dailf 4 I f. �26 contribute to supply the elements of our simplest repast, or the simplest article of our raiment. When we survey these social ties in all their infinite reticulations, how strong are the inducements of social man to the fulfilment of his duty-of striving with all his faculties and all his means to preserve these ramified ligaments in harmonious vibrations? Most just are the penalties which heaven has denounced against that selfish wickedness which would entangle or disturb them. Most gracious are the rewards which it has promised to that virtue, which would preserve them in concord-most wise, that commandment of charity, which it has spread over these social relations; which from its culmination in love to God, descends like a bow of celestial radiance, to encompass with brotherly love the whole family of mankind. In the aspirations of the youthful heart, therefore, for a future usefulness commensurate with its social duties, its feelings and its sympathies should be circumscribed by no limits more confined than the whq~e circle of humanity. But, still, it is our country, for which the heart reserves its most intense affections-it is to her service that the faculties are most vehemently dedicated-it is her safety, her glory, her prnsperity, that kindle to the highest ardor the hopes and wishes and longings of the bosom. Country is bound up in the dearest domestic ties-it contains our homes and our sepulchres. Throughout the whole extent of its boundaries, the ties of kindred and friendship, and the social relations, are involved in the civil and political connections, w hich make all the members of the community mutually and directly dependent on the feelings and interests and opinions of the .other. Each citizen, in his own appropriate sphere of duty to his country, becomes bound by principles infinitely more obligatory, and by motives infinitely more · intense, than that diffusive charity which comprehends the world. In a christian's bosom, patriotism glows, not merely in the purity of a moral virtue, but it is consecrated in his religious faith, and in the holiness of divine example. When the Saviour of mankind descended upon the earth, upon his errand of universal love, which was to reach through time and eternity, it was not over the regions of Syria, or of Greece, or of Italy, that he went 27 abroad displaying his beneficence; nor was it over Damascus, or ~thens, or Corinth, or Rome, that he wept in the contemplat10n of their sins and their future desolations. It was in his own native Judea, that on wearied feet, amidst railings and scoffs, he went about doing good ; and it was over his beloved Jeru~alem that he wept, as he bewailed her approaching de~olat10ns; though he already heard the foreknown cries, echot~g through her streets and from her judgment hall, of "crucify him, crucify him." This elevated virtue rejects the indulgence ?f voluptuousness and sensuality, and of selfish ambition and rnter~st._ It d~mands the entire sacrifice of every enjoyment, that Is mconsrstent with public good. Heaven has blessed ~an with _his peculiar attribute of reason, to be employed by lum for his own temporal and eternal happiness, and for the ~enefit of his country and of mankind. Freedom of opinion Is one of the noblest privileges of man ; and the proper exercise of it imposes upon him the heaviest of responsibilities, reaching through time to eternity. Let me-conjure you then, never to surrender this illustrious privilege, this weighty responsibility, to the domination and keeping of party. The tendency of party spirit is to expel all the charities and all the virtues from the human heart, and in their place to bring in all the reptile brood of corruption and malevolence. The soul shrinks, under its influence, from the graspings of a comprehensive charity and of love of country, into the narrow dimensions of self, and of a low and grovelling ambition. It will assail you in every form of delusion; and will be most apt to cheat you, under the assumed garb of patriotism. When this demon spirit is once admitted to his usurped control, he will be found to sway with a power the most despotic, and his subjects sink into a slavery the basest and most abject. The contagious sympathies, which he excites amongst his slaves spread from bosom to bosom, an infection fevers every wholesome passion of the heart, and maddens them all (as in the history of the French Revolution,) into every species of crime. I need not remind you of the brilliant examples of patriotic devotion which shine upon the pages of ancient history ; or �28 set before you the examples to be found in the histories of more modern times. We need only to look to the lives of the men by whom our independence was achieved, and to the men, by whom our institutions, springing out of that independence, were established. These will awaken your admiration of the most illustrious displays of patriotism-and will stam p with veneration and reverence, the inheritance which they have transmitted to their descendants. This anniversary presents to your contemplation and imitation, the character of one pre-eminently adorned with that virtue. In him it was displayed (as genuine patriotism always should be) in connexion with christian piety and every other grace which can adorn the human character. His country's safety, his country's happiness, his country's glory were the unceasing labours of his life, and to attain which no sacrifice was too painful to be encountered by him. The continued commemoration of this anniversary, more than forty years after his death, is a peculiarity which distinguishes his name from that of any other human benefactor who has ever lived. This tribute magnifies the virtues of him, to whom it is paid, and exalts the nation who still cherishes the grateful admi~·ation to offer it. Long, long may it continue to be offered ; and should some of you, my youthful friends, some fifty years hence, be graced by the invitation of the a lumni of St. John's with the honor, which I feel that I am so feebly discharging, oh! may the aged orator still continue to dwell upon the grateful theme of Washington's greatness, consecrated then in the hearts and upon the lips of sixty millions of American freemen-and up0n the dome, beneath which the victorious champion of his country's liberty, resigned his commission to the authority that -gave it, may that flag, still continue to wave, with all its stars and all its stripes; and may the motto, E Pluribus Unum, still be seen glittering upon its folds! �I! � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Programs and Addresses Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource Addresses given at commencement and programs of events related to, and including, the annual commencement ceremonies at St. John's College. Includes both the undergraduate and Graduate Institute commencements. The College Archives holds programs and/or addresses for the following years: <ul> <li>1796</li> <li>1835-1836</li> <li>1842</li> <li>1852</li> <li>1856-1857</li> <li>1870</li> <li>1878</li> <li>1880</li> <li>1890</li> <li>1893</li> <li>1895</li> <li>1897</li> <li>1907</li> <li>1910-1918</li> <li>1920-1924</li> <li>1928-1929</li> <li>1932</li> <li>1936-1937</li> <li>1939-1945</li> <li>1947-present </li> </ul> Click on <a title="Commencement Programs and Addresses" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=18&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CDate&sort_dir=d">Items in the Commencement Programs and Addresses Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context commencementprograms Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 28 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Address, 1842 Description An account of the resource An address to the alumni and students of St. John's College, Annapolis. Delivered February 22, 1842. By John Tayloe Lomax, of Virginia. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lomax, John Tayloe, 1781-1862 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Woods and Crane, Printers Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Baltimore, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1842-02-22 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Address to the Alumni and Students of St. John's-Lomax, John Tayloe-1842-02-22 Relation A related resource <a title="Commencement Program" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/show/3624">Commencement Program</a> Commencement https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/6a75d573cec101311e38ba90989994c5.pdf 7ee031fab1b0d0a9509c6ea106c25bef PDF Text Text " A N N U A L C 0 M l\'I E N C E M E N(.. f • ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, FEBRUARY 22, 1842. ORDER OF EXERCISES . PRAYER. I. OnATION-The Influence ef tlte Biography of Great 1 lien, with the Salutatory Addresses in Latin-oy SAMUEL RrnouT, of Annapolis. II. 0RATION-JJfilitary Fame-IJy JoNATHAN PINKNEY I-IA111. llIOND, of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. III. ORATION-The Influence ef Melody-by GEORGE \V ASH· INGTON BETTON, of Tallahassee, Florida. IV. ORATION-Enlightened Public Opinion, the True Safeguard of Liberty, with the Valedictory Addresses, by JoHN BASIL, Jr. of Annapolis. • DEGREES CONFERRED. ADDRESS by the Hon. JOHN TAYLOE LOMAX, L L.D., of Virginia. BENEDICTION. .. .. '1 �•· ' I .. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Programs and Addresses Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource Addresses given at commencement and programs of events related to, and including, the annual commencement ceremonies at St. John's College. Includes both the undergraduate and Graduate Institute commencements. The College Archives holds programs and/or addresses for the following years: <ul> <li>1796</li> <li>1835-1836</li> <li>1842</li> <li>1852</li> <li>1856-1857</li> <li>1870</li> <li>1878</li> <li>1880</li> <li>1890</li> <li>1893</li> <li>1895</li> <li>1897</li> <li>1907</li> <li>1910-1918</li> <li>1920-1924</li> <li>1928-1929</li> <li>1932</li> <li>1936-1937</li> <li>1939-1945</li> <li>1947-present </li> </ul> Click on <a title="Commencement Programs and Addresses" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=18&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CDate&sort_dir=d">Items in the Commencement Programs and Addresses Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context commencementprograms Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 2 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Program, 1842 Description An account of the resource Annual Commencement. St. John's College, February 22, 1842. Order of Exercises. (Includes handwritten note) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St. John's College Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1842-02-22 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Relation A related resource <a title="Commencement Address" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/show/3623">Commencement Address</a> Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Commencement Program-1842-02-22 Commencement https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/d84ca11a60a19e2865f6fd6664837a3c.pdf 62621e517f0fc06870510977af358f90 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hector Humphreys Papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource The Hector Humphreys papers include letters, sermons, a commencement speech, and a manual for farmers. Series I contains letters written to Humphreys between 1821-1856. Correspondents include students and colleagues from Yale and Washington College, religious colleagues, and a letter from his niece, Adeline C. Griswold. Humphreys also corresponded with Denison Olmsted, a professor at Yale, about a scientific apparatus, demonstrating Humphreys's interest in science and his search for materials to improve St. John's science program. Series II contains Humphreys's sermons, an 1852 St. John's College commencement speech, and a manual for farmers on the chemistry of soil and manure. All items are hand-written and bound, and illustrations of soldiers or other men are pasted on the front cover of the sermons and commencement speech. The sermons were given in churches around Annapolis and Eastport such as St. Anne's Episcopal Church, All Hallows Church, St. Margaret's Church, and the Naval Academy. For more information about this collection, see the <a href="https://sjc.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/16">finding aid</a>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 18 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "His Flesh Shall Be Fresher Than a Child" Description An account of the resource "His flesh shall be fresher than a child." circa 13 March 1842-26 February 1847. A sermon written by Hector Humphreys given at St. Anne's Episcopal Church, All Hallows Church, and St. Margaret's Episcopal Church. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Humphreys, Hector, 1797-1857 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1842-03-13 1847-02-26 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/ Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hector Humphreys papers Subject The topic of the resource Christianity Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM_001_016 Christianity Hector Humphreys https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/f5192d0375798ca539603e47f4356785.pdf 7f21ca06e2d9b32465fe3b2c52eb85a4 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hector Humphreys Papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource The Hector Humphreys papers include letters, sermons, a commencement speech, and a manual for farmers. Series I contains letters written to Humphreys between 1821-1856. Correspondents include students and colleagues from Yale and Washington College, religious colleagues, and a letter from his niece, Adeline C. Griswold. Humphreys also corresponded with Denison Olmsted, a professor at Yale, about a scientific apparatus, demonstrating Humphreys's interest in science and his search for materials to improve St. John's science program. Series II contains Humphreys's sermons, an 1852 St. John's College commencement speech, and a manual for farmers on the chemistry of soil and manure. All items are hand-written and bound, and illustrations of soldiers or other men are pasted on the front cover of the sermons and commencement speech. The sermons were given in churches around Annapolis and Eastport such as St. Anne's Episcopal Church, All Hallows Church, St. Margaret's Church, and the Naval Academy. For more information about this collection, see the <a href="https://sjc.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/16">finding aid</a>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 14 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "The Laws of Thy World" Description An account of the resource "The Laws of Thy World." 1844. A sermon written by Hector Humphreys based off of the book of Romans. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Humphreys, Hector, 1797-1857 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1844 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/ Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hector Humphreys papers Subject The topic of the resource Christianity Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM_001_017 Christianity Hector Humphreys https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/740efaa87390d4830adf0e6692cbafb3.pdf 87a02904e8564cb678aa9c4ffa23c7c8 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hector Humphreys Papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource The Hector Humphreys papers include letters, sermons, a commencement speech, and a manual for farmers. Series I contains letters written to Humphreys between 1821-1856. Correspondents include students and colleagues from Yale and Washington College, religious colleagues, and a letter from his niece, Adeline C. Griswold. Humphreys also corresponded with Denison Olmsted, a professor at Yale, about a scientific apparatus, demonstrating Humphreys's interest in science and his search for materials to improve St. John's science program. Series II contains Humphreys's sermons, an 1852 St. John's College commencement speech, and a manual for farmers on the chemistry of soil and manure. All items are hand-written and bound, and illustrations of soldiers or other men are pasted on the front cover of the sermons and commencement speech. The sermons were given in churches around Annapolis and Eastport such as St. Anne's Episcopal Church, All Hallows Church, St. Margaret's Church, and the Naval Academy. For more information about this collection, see the <a href="https://sjc.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/16">finding aid</a>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 21 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "The Wonders of the Deep" Description An account of the resource "The Wonders of the Deep." Circa 11 March 1849-16 March 1851. A sermon written by Hector Humphreys given at St. Anne's Episcopal Church and at the Naval Academy. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Humphreys, Hector, 1797-1857 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1849-03-11 1851-03-16 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/ Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Subject The topic of the resource Christianity Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM_001_018 Christianity Hector Humphreys https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/af3c8ef2aaa35620de108411e8c7f44e.pdf 1a095a93b2ded6b5c6898a93ee621192 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hector Humphreys Papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource The Hector Humphreys papers include letters, sermons, a commencement speech, and a manual for farmers. Series I contains letters written to Humphreys between 1821-1856. Correspondents include students and colleagues from Yale and Washington College, religious colleagues, and a letter from his niece, Adeline C. Griswold. Humphreys also corresponded with Denison Olmsted, a professor at Yale, about a scientific apparatus, demonstrating Humphreys's interest in science and his search for materials to improve St. John's science program. Series II contains Humphreys's sermons, an 1852 St. John's College commencement speech, and a manual for farmers on the chemistry of soil and manure. All items are hand-written and bound, and illustrations of soldiers or other men are pasted on the front cover of the sermons and commencement speech. The sermons were given in churches around Annapolis and Eastport such as St. Anne's Episcopal Church, All Hallows Church, St. Margaret's Church, and the Naval Academy. For more information about this collection, see the <a href="https://sjc.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/16">finding aid</a>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 21 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Sanctify the Lord God" Description An account of the resource "Sanctify the Lord God." Circa 15 September 1850-1854. A sermon written by Hector Humphreys and given at St. Anne's Episcopal Church. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Humphreys, Hector, 1797-1857 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1850-09-15 1854 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/ Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hector Humphreys papers Subject The topic of the resource Christianity Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM_001_019 Christianity Hector Humphreys https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/20ad6c6955ced9bd6e718d0e0964ca33.pdf 982565d1972cd458c1077a4e13a81939 PDF Text Text ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND. D. D., Pi·esident and Prefessor of .Moral Science. M. D., Prqfessor ef Jlncient Languages. DAVID J. CAPRON, A. M., Prefessor ef .Mathematics and Civil Engineering. Rev. E. J. STEARNS, A. M., Professor ef .Modern Languages. WILLIAM H. THOMPSON, A. M., Prqfessor ef Gram;mar. NICHOLAS B. WoRTHINGTON, A. M., Libmrian and Steward. Rev. HECTOR HUMPHREYS, EDWARD SPARKS, ST. JoHN's COLLEGE has a pleasant location on the Severn.; and by Rail Road and Steamboats, has daily communication with Washington and Baltimore, and with the Eastern Shore of Maryland. An experience of sixty years has shown the situation to be eminently healthful. Society here is highly respectable and refined, and maintains a wholesome and efficient public opinion, which necessarily restrains the conduct of young men who are amenable to it. There are four Churches for a population of about 4000; and few cities can' be found where the Lord's Day is more generally observed and revered; or where the Ordinances of the Gospel are more regularly and faithfully administered . .The General Government has placed its Naval .academy here, on account of the healthiness of the place, as well as for its convenience; and has on active duty a corps of more than a dozen Professors and .Teachers, besides .its Execu,tive Officers; who form an interesting portion of om· community. �St. John's has a competent Faculty of experienced Professors; whose lives have been devoted to teaching; who keep the· classes in their respective rooms, during the College hours., and each study is pursued, without intermission, to its completion, before a class is permitted to pass to another; the object being to give a thorough knowledge of all the branches of education, instead of a mere superficial acquaintance, which could be obtained by substituting different lessons for the several days of the week. Chcmisti·y, Geology, and .Mineralogy are .taught by complete Cabinets of Specimens, both American and European; by Text Books and Lectures; and by analysis. A Cabinet of Soils, already analysed, is arranged for examination; and the processes of the Laboratory are performed before the Students; and make a part of their course of study. Rocks from all parts of the world, belong tn the collection; and they are arranged in geological order, accompanied by characteristic fossils; so that every facility is afforded, not only for understanding the deposition of the strata, but their chemical composition, and the agents concerned in their formation. It is not needful to enumerate the articles ot apparatus for .Natural Philosophy, and .dstronomy. Every branch of the former is folly illustrated by experiments in Mechanics, Hydrostaticks, Pneumatics, Optics, Electricity, and Magnetism; and in the latter,. besides the theoretical science, the students are taught the practical art of making and reducing observations for Latitude, Longitude,. ~nd '.11ime. Theodolites, Sextants, Compasses and Levels, of the most approved construction, are used in practice with the Classes;. and the whole art of Surveying and Levelling is communicated by exercises in the field. The course in the Latin and Greek Languages is quite equal to that of any American College; and the French and Spanish are taught, without extra charge, in the most thorough manner, in daily recitations and during the entire period. One student from each county of the State may be received free of all bills of tuition or for Lectures, through the whole course; and ten students, besides tuition, are furnished with Books and Stationery, under provisions of an act of Assembly. A Scale of Merit and .Demerit marks is kept; and after each public examination an abstract of the scholar's standing in the room of each Professor, and on the general roll of the classes, is sent to each Parent and Guardian. A Committee of Gentlemen of the alumni and others, are invited to attend the Examinations, with the Committee of the Board; and original and selected declamations are delivered, on these occasions, to show the proficiency of the Students in this, as in other Exercises. Premiums and distinctions, conferred during the sessions, are announced at the public examinations; and the names of the first and second students in the order of merit, in the respective branches, are recorded in the President's Book; and a statement thereof is communicated to the Parent or Guardian in the Circular. The names of the Valedictory and Salutatory Orators are also enrolled on a permanent record. The Evidences of Revealed Religion are fully taught to the regular classes, from the most approved Text Books, after the course in Ethics; and Christianity, without Sectarianism, is inculcated in the religious exercises of the College. A Voluntary Class is instructed on Sunday by the President, by reading the Holy Scriptures in Greek, and illustrating them by approved Commentaries. At the close of the Examination for Degrees the students are dismissed, with appropriate exercises, after the Honors are awarded; and an address is delivered by one of the Professors. The Alumni are earnestly solicited to make known the claims of St. John's to such as are seeking an education; more especially since no sectarian zeal can be invoked to induce parents to place their sons here. The ComiJtons, under the charge of JV". B. Worthington, Esq., a Graduate of the College, can be cordially recommended as deserving the most unreserved confidence. PAYABLE QUARTERLY IN ADVANCE. $120 24 32 40 50 The charge per annum, for Board, is Tuition, in the Grammar School, " Preparatory Class, " Freshman and Sophomore Classes, " Juhior and Senior Classes, " " Fuel, lights and washing are estimated at $35;-if two occupy the same apartment the expense will be about $25 each, Students' apartments will be furnished, if required, for which an extra charge will be made. for damage to college property. This is the only extra charge except Money for the student's use must be placed in the hands of the President, one of the professors, or of the steward :-who will disburse it in accordance with written instructions of the parent or guardian. under severe penalties, any person giving credit to students of St. John's College, except for medical aid. A law of the State forbids, �There are three sessions in the college year; commencing on the first Monday in September, and on the Mondays following the Christmas and Easter holidays respectively. The .J.lnnual Commencement is held on the 22d of February; when the alumni meet, to revive their associations, and to concert measures for the welfure of their Alma Mater. It is contemplated to build a new edifice for the Grammar School, which shall exhibit all the modern improvements in school architecture, as soon as the funds shall be obtained. There has been a large accession of late to the number of students, from different parts of the State, and from other colleges. The population of Annapolis has increased from 2792 to 4200 during the period of the last census; and the unfounded prejudice, in regard to the character of the place for health and morals, must be rapidly dispelled, by the united testimony of the fumilies who have taken their residence in the Naval Academy, from different States of the Union. It is well known that both Army and Navy officers who have resided here, have uniformly regarded this as one of the healthiest stations belonging to the Government. The broad Chesapeake Bay spreads out in front of Annapolis; and from the Optical Room of St. John's the view is one of peculiar beauty and grandeur. There are few spots where the sons of Maryland should feel higher or more powerful incentives c<r patriotism, or acknowledge more deeply their duty to study her welfare, by a zealous pursuit of the paths of learning and virtue; and gentlemen who receive this Circular are solicited to diffuse as widely as possible th~ information it contains, which is believed to be of importance to the best interests and true economy of the State. SCALE '7d -~ .; ~-S:: g] ~ 00 Q ii... d ~ .; +-' § ~ Q) ~ ._b.D :;: ~ d ~ §"So ·o ~ ~ ~ < .:: OF ~- -- ~ .; s~ Q,} ~ ~ MERIT d .Si DEMERIT. d -~ .Si 1d S" ~ ~ AND s ~ . . .; § ] ~ ~ 00 ~ 11 gs ..d ~ gs ;:I ~5 ~s ~ ~ P--! ~s l; J:l . § ~ :a g~ <!:: ffi ~ ~ .g -~ ~ _..,_'8_ -"""-- - 2 _ __B__ _u_ ..8.!::_ < '° < '° _< ~ __ ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, Jctniiary 1st, 1852. 0 ., 0 ""' 0 ""' 0 ""' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource College Catalogs and Statements of the Program Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St. John's College Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource Statements of the Program are published each Academic Year. They provide an overview of the program and historical information about the college. The titles of these publications have changed over the course of the College's history. From the 19th century through 1971 they were titled Catalogue. During this period, some Catalogues were distributed as issues of The Bulletin of St. John's College. The title changed from Catalogues to Statement of the Program with the 1972-1973 publication. Also included in this collection are Graduate Institute catalogs and promotional publications about the St. John's program. Click on <a title="College Catalogues" href="https://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?tags=College+catalog&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CDate">Items in the College Catalogs and Statements of the Program Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context collegecatalogs Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 3 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St. John's College Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1852-01-01 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Humphreys, Rev. Hector. Sparks, Edward. Capron, David J. Stearns, Edward Josiah, 1810-1890. Thompson, William H. Worthington, Nicholas B. Description An account of the resource College catalog for the year 1852. Catalog Catalogue College catalog https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/56042018da0104b6611b0f88194e2f23.pdf 1751771a1f967586a0ec371966d358b5 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hector Humphreys Papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource The Hector Humphreys papers include letters, sermons, a commencement speech, and a manual for farmers. Series I contains letters written to Humphreys between 1821-1856. Correspondents include students and colleagues from Yale and Washington College, religious colleagues, and a letter from his niece, Adeline C. Griswold. Humphreys also corresponded with Denison Olmsted, a professor at Yale, about a scientific apparatus, demonstrating Humphreys's interest in science and his search for materials to improve St. John's science program. Series II contains Humphreys's sermons, an 1852 St. John's College commencement speech, and a manual for farmers on the chemistry of soil and manure. All items are hand-written and bound, and illustrations of soldiers or other men are pasted on the front cover of the sermons and commencement speech. The sermons were given in churches around Annapolis and Eastport such as St. Anne's Episcopal Church, All Hallows Church, St. Margaret's Church, and the Naval Academy. For more information about this collection, see the <a href="https://sjc.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/16">finding aid</a>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 19 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Baccalaureate sermon for St. John's College commencement of 1852 Description An account of the resource Baccalaureate sermon for commencement of 1852. 21 February 1852. Sermon written by Hector Humphreys based off of Ecclesiastes V. 10. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Humphreys, Hector, 1797-1857 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1852-02-21 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/ Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hector Humphreys papers Subject The topic of the resource Christianity Commencement St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.) Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM_001_020 Christianity Commencement Hector Humphreys https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/f89220b5b6214f7b38ab4479b0994ef9.pdf 00b9921b3d1a42e9ee641e6d4978c36a PDF Text Text ( ( ?- -r ~ I r I /•.' (VC<> 1-1 LI t,, AN ADDRESS DELIVERED BEFORE THE ALUMNI AND STUDENTS OF ST. J 0 H NS. BY THE REV . WILLIAM PINI~ NEY. ANNAPOLIS: ROBERT F . BONSALL, PRINTER .- 1852. If �CORRESPONDENCE. A~NAPOLis, 23rd February, 1852. R ev. and Dear Sir_, IT is our pleasant duty, in behalf ,of the ALUMNI OF ST. J onNS , to thank .you for the br:illiant Discourse delivered this day at the Annual Commencement. In requesting a copy for pul;Jlication, we but express the gene,ral wish of those who .enjoy;t;d its delivery-also to see it in print. Yf!ry Faithfqlly You,r Friends, WILL. H. TucK, A. RANDALL, ·Tnos. J. WILSON. :R,ev. Williant Pinkney. ANN ~l' o L 1 s, Fe.(n-uary 24th , 1852 . .Gentlemen, I ACKNOWLEDGE the receipt of your letter of the 23rd, with feelings of sincere pleasure ; and although I am confident, that both you and our breth_ren of the Alumni, for whom you act, have, in the kindliness of your feelings, attached to my Address a value to which it has no inherent claim, I must in this , as in th,e first acceptance of the honor, submit to your united will. Thanking you for the most gratifying manner in which yoiJ have discharged your duty, I ~m, Most Faithfully, Your Friend, W, PINKNEY. Hon. Judge 'J1uc1c, Roi). Jl. Randall, Thos. J. Wilson, Esq. It. �I I ADDRESS · GEN'.rLEMEN OF THE ALUMNI AND STUDENTS OF ST . JOHNS :- The sight of these dear familiar walls- the reenacting, now and here, of this sublime and affecting scene-the transition of these young gentlemen from the tender and delightful associations and important duties of college life to the noble and exciting deeds of manhood, when they must begin the rugged, up-hill toil of actual existence and take their places among men-these all serve to recall to mind , not less thei r responsibilities, than ours, who like them were once nurturer! in this venerable seat of learning. We are assembled together for mutual congratulations and for mutual improvement. A time-honored cust~rn is the bond that binds us. At the call of our Alma Mater, we hav e met together to mingle our heartfelt rejoicings amid the stirring reminiscencies of the past, and the glowing picturings of the future , when hope, with her pencil, is touching the canvass with its most beautiful and delicate h ues. The occasion is full of eloquence. ' Tis replete with grandeur. No mortal tongne can do it justice. Its most powerful and impressive advocate is the silence of the past and the future ; the one, not less eloquent in its losses than its gains, the other in the hopes, which are doomed to be disappointed or else destined to be realised in the fruits of more than a golden harvest. To you, young gentlemen, just crowned with the h onors of your Alma JYiater and introduced into 1be society of your brethren, the Alumni, this occasion is one of both interest and sublimity. Your imagination kindles and glows w ith 1he first I f �ALUMNI AND STUDENTS OF ST. JOHNS. 6 AN ADDRESS, DELl vERED BEFORE THE noble pulsations of the heart;s throbbings, as you feel that the step is taken which is to remove you from the pupilage of others ~o your own guardianship. In us, it awakens those sad but soul-arousing thoughts, which hopes that had their birth here, on this consecrated soil, foll as bright as those you now fondly ~herish, only half realized or else tot1tlly blighted .• cannot fail ~o engender. To you the occasion is a thrilling brilliant pros.pective, while to us it is a fearful ar:i~ in some respects a mel<:J.noholy retrospect. Education is the theme we have chosen. ;N'ot, however, its ,claims upon the foste,ring care Qf the State, which h,<1-s been discussed* with an ability and research that :h ave left nothing for us to gl,ean, not even -the fe'y straggling sheaves, which an ordinary generosity i::; .accustome.d to leave for the reward find enco,urag~ment of the unfortunate gleaner. No, nor its influence up9.11 the respor;i.sibility of the American citizen in the preser;it stupendous juncture of human atfair1;1, which this time two ye,1trs wa§ pressed with sp much sound practical wisdom and patriotic ardor by the ge1;ttleman,t whqm yqur judgment happily select.ed as the or~tor qn that occasion. It is in neither of these imp9rtant aspectf,l th~t we propose to consider it. We wquld :;tddress to your uqderstandings and your fe.elings a few thoughts upon educatior;i coqtemplated frorn anot.Q.er point of view, viz., as the beginqing of the life-work of man-the lea~en, whi.c h ii;; to diffuse itself through the whole of the afterexistence- tre very warp and woof that are to be 'foven into the whole moral and intelle. tual fabric of ~he future man-the c commencer~ent of a work, .which running through the whole circle of coming years, ever approxjmates its destined goal; but still, by the very law of our being, must ever continue this side of it, wherein npthing is completed, nothipg finished. Education has its beginning here. 'rlrn key that opens the door of the most richly furnished <;hambers of the temple of learning, is here entrusted to our care and keeping. Lessons of wisdom are .here impartep, which we must work out in solid and substantial fruit. The college is the image of the wide world we enter. Here the ~vork begins. But education is not what, alas ! too maqy of the young men of our day are prone to re- 1' ; •. ,; 7 gard it, a sort of scaffolding, which is used in the consfruetion of an edifice, but useless the very moment that edifice, which after all is but the work of mere childish hands and patiially developed moral and intellectual facullies, is erected. i't is rather the golden stair-way, by which we are to ascend, flight after flight, until our eye shall have rested upon every object of attraction, and our footstep have threaded· all the ,\iinding labyrinths of the stupendous temple as yet above arid beyond us. We would talk to you of the responsibilities ' vhich have just begun, which meet you in every direction, now that you are about to choose what position you will occupy in the society you have entered-responsibilities which are the result of the careful education you have already received, the j ust consequences of the toil and expense, already lavished upon your intellectual and moral training- responsibilities, V:1 hich our own better experience teaches us; are so little weighed and appreciated by the young men· of this age and country. You have received the rudiments of leurning~you have pored with delight over the pages of the Greek and Latin classics; and felt, as the prospect opened and expanded before you, some slight kindlings of the more than magic influence and power of those thoughts and deeds of grande ur. You have been taught the beauty and propriety of a close, calm and patient analysis of the philology of the languages, wherein are stored up those rich choice gems of thought and feeling, of more than the diamond sparkle and ruby solidity. You have caught frvm the genius of your accomplished and consummate Professor of Languages,* (whose n.{lme is identified with our brightest recollections of this seat of learning, the only surviving link that connects the past with the present,) the happy secret of solving the many difficulties which meet' the aspiring student, every step he takes in the study of tlie ancients-and you are now qualified to use with both skill and success those invaluable instruments of learning.· You can read Demosthenes and Zenophon, Thucydides and Longinus, C icero and Livy, in the languages they have immortalized, with some nice appreciation of the bean ties that are lost to all,. but the , Dr. Edward Sparks. *Judge Tuck. t Hon. A. Randall. I I �8 ALUMNI AND STUDENTS OF ST. JOHNS. AN ADDRESS, DELIVERED BEFORE THE students of th~ 01~iginals. And to what end? Why, I · ask, have you been thus carefully trained? Is it, can it be, that. with nine-tenths of the educated young men of Columbia, you may lay aside your grammars and the clasl'ics, the clavis to which is nearly all that the most diligent and accomplished graduate has obtained, and consign them to long years of neglect? Is it, can it be, that you may turn away from them as 1hough they were mere childish toys, designed to be the pastime of boyhood? The academic groves, with their buds and blossoms, their refreshing shade and towering branches! suppose you they were rneant to be trodden qnly by tottering footsteps and viewed by half-closed eyelids, when you remember that the spirits of Plato and Socrates are heard to whisper in every breeze that wakes their undying melody! To so act and argue is to forfeit the highest end of all sound education, and stultify the yery guardians of your youth. Our past education! what is it, but the beginning of a work, which we are to carFy forward, and that too, in part, by the use of the very instruments that were here employed. Not simply pursuing, as we will have to do, the perplexing labyrinths of profes3ional life, or the not less difficult passes of mercantile and mechanic life, and expanding our powers of thought, here but partially developed, by the acquisition of fresh practical knowledge;-we must take along with us, as helps and assistancies, the very elements of our education, and out of them, and with them, construct an edifice of general literature, which \vill abide with us as long as we live, and open up for enjoyment and usefulness, fountains that can never run dry. The use of their study at all, it seems to me, must of necessity imply the wisdom and propriety of the prosec-ution of it to the close life bt6od 6{the present onward march of human mind. They are riow what they ever have been, the most powerful quickeners of thought, the most copious fountains of all that is grand and august in eloquence anJ profound in mental phil~sophy. The idea that the imaginative faculty is improved, while but little.if any thipg is imparied to the vigor of the reasoning powers by this pleasing and fascinating study-that it is · rather a beatitiful a!'1d elegant accomplishment, than a great practical blessing to pi·actkal men, is libel upon the flncients. :Properly studied, where the professci1•; is equal to the task and can lead the ,inquisitive scholar into all the depths and heights of an author's meaning, and thro~ the light of history and geography upon the giound traversed, as you know is the preeminent distinction·or' sL Johns, d~4re is no study which is more rich in its infl.uenc~ upon all the powers of the human1 mind, the reasoning, as the imaginative, than this. Like the.noble study of the mathe1iia'.tics,·-it strengthens the understant'!:'ing, and developes the powers of concentration anc1 amplit~1de; while;at the same time, it elevates and enlarges the imagination, and calls into exercise those keen and delicate perceptions of the beauty and force of sentiihent, and the copiousnesif and expressiveness of language, which, like music tones, are th'e fosult of combined skill and prac1ice: The mind learns in every faculty, ih this noble department of the learning of tl:i~ schools. To find out the meaning of ah author, what must be dorie by the earnest and ambitious scholar? He must expose to a careful and rigid analysis the words and thoughts, and in cases of difficulty he must, by patient philological research and' deep reflection, catch the scope of the argument and the analogy of the parts, each to the other. Sometimes the itsus loquendi-'and the grammati· cal construction will not of themselves suffice to determine the sense ;~ and then the only mode left to elucidate the passage is to dive deeper still into the au thor~s mind, and so study what may be called his idiosyncracy of iritellect,·as from himself to catch· the true image of his meaning. · Of course we are speaking now of the student, who studies to rnasler his a uthor, who seeks·so to imbibe his spirit as to think with· his thoughts. And when· from the books of the school, you' turn to the more difficult and philosophic writers, you ·will find· the intellectual exercise proportionably increased: 2 a . ' of life. And here it may not be unimportant to my argument, to glance for a moment at the true uses of the classics, as a fundamental part of all sound education. Time was, when such a discussion would have been deemed a work of supererogation . But the times are changed, and uot a few there are, ' who now boldly denounce the system, which assigns so important a position to the study of what are called the dead languages. Dead languages indeed!- Dead they are not, for they live in all the literature ofthe world. They are the very r 9 I f �AN ADDRESS, DELIVERED BEFORE THE ALUMNI AND STUDENTS OF ST. JOHNS. And all this while, the student is imperceptibly acquiring a more copious and exact knowledg·e of the beauty, flexibility and singular copiousness of his own vernacular, and becoming a more perfect niaster of the lucidus ordo and coherency, which are the surest passports to immortality, as writers and as orators. Thus taught the imagination becomes, what it ever should be, the handmaid of reason; a burning mirror, that pictures the argument on· the brain and leaves it thus, not a cold abstraction; but in living beauty, magnificence and power, the bright reality it i~. If this be a ' true and impartial estimate of this one branch of human learning, (and I-select it from its sister branches because it suits my purpose best,) does it not become us to bestow upon it constant attention, such atter:ition as will qualify us to hold easy nml profitable converse with the biost furnished minds of antiquity? The work in the college building is not half accomplished. It i3 in reality, barely thoroughly begun. The knowledge of the skilful use of the tools to work with, is nearly all the knowledge we can acquire within the walls of our Alma 111.ater. The acquaintance which you, young brethren of the Alumni, have formed with Dernosthenes and Cicero, Livy and Xenophon, Virgil and Horner, and which has justly won for you the degree this day conferred, will not satisfy the more inquisitive curiosity and p1'ofound study of the future man. Every fresh perusal will yield •you a harvest of beauties altogether new·. In history, philosophy, eloquence and poetry, you will discover a field of boundie~s dimensions, travelled over by your footsteps in youth, but without a discovery of the luscious fruit that g1·ew upon-it, or the flowers that were bathed in its tw licrht aews-and then the field will expand-and new i 0 authors, of fragrant memory, altogether too abstruse for the schools, but still eminently suggestive of lhe beautiful and the useful, will invite the perusal of your more experienced and ripened judgment. For the studies we prosecute here, in the classics alone, open up before us a mngnificent vista extending through long ages of thought, when giants were on the earth, and years were devoted to the latest finish of their immortal works; when the "labor lirnce et mora" of the poet, were practised, and men chose "materiam viribus .cequam." And I would i111plore you, young genflemen, by the rich promise you have this day given of your future career, to cultivate the iron nerve and manly will, which will enable you to prove, that you are worthy of the education you have received , and wide awake to its deathless grandeur and glory, by weaving it into your future, moral and intellectual being among men . 'I'he Greek an<l Latin languages are ours. Y ears of hard study have ripened our knowledge of them, until they nre so far .mastered by us, ae to make any further acquisition in th em, a thing of comparative ease, provided we go on to acquire this increasing familiai ity from the present moment. Begin now, while tbe dew is upon your path, and the path ·will be rn10other and lhe way pleasant. The motives to exertion are many and powerful. Lift up your eyes and look upon the field that lies spread out before you, in all the freshness and splendor of the morning landscape. We confess, the sight of it brings pain to us. vVe nre conscious, that through just such neglect as we would, with g reat diffidence, caution you against, much of it is to us as sterile as the sands of Arabia, though ind eed, in and of itself, it is a very Goshen of delights. And it is in the deep and burning shame of this consciousness of n eglect, and the overwhelming sense of the loss sustained, that we would now counsel you. The works of antiquity are the works we would have you study, not once, but again and again-works which h ave lived in the wreck of all other human things, which were the fruit of the most painful toil aud wrought with the indefatigable zeal and assiduous care of architects, who felt that they were working for posterity; and who, in the greatness of their souls resolved, that their work should n ever perish, but endure as intellectual pyramids, in which their memories should be embalmed, and on which their names shoutd be inscribed in living letters, that no succeeding wave of time could possibly wash out-works which it took a lifetime to complete, and tasked the mightiest efforts of genius, enriched by centuries of learning, to put into appropriate shape and form. There is Homer, who first conceived, and then gave to the world, the brilliant execution of the Epic Poem; the prince of poets, who, though centuries removed from us, is still at th e very apex of the column of fame by universal consent , followed by the stupendous geniuses who have emulated his glory, and more nearly approached by Milton , of the English tongue, than any 10 , ,. . I 11 �12 AN ADDRESS, DELIVERED BEFORE · T,H ~ otherof his rivals; and by him approached, because h«;: had learn~d to drink of the Mreonidean fount . In the striking characters "introduced, each, like the picturings o.f Ra,phrel on the glowing canvass, standing out in the bold contours ,of distinct personality; in the almost infinite richness and variety of the illustrations borrowed from nature, and like nature herself beautiful or grand as the ,occasion required; in the rushing and impetuous eloquence of ~he narrative, his poems will ever prove a study w,orthy of the fu,ll powers of the fully <levdope,d man . And then there is Herodotus the historian, whose imagination is constant.ly pouring fo;~;h digressions in the g,:aceful flow of 1 his narrati~'e, of such singular beauty, that they are welcomed (to use the. ,l anguage of ~ distinguis,hed scholar of Oxford) as half-way ho~ses, where the wearied attention may be relieved, a~d the fan.cy regaled. And then t.here is Thucydides, the co~nterpart of Herodotus, the philosophic histpri<~m, of such ra;·e impartiality, patience ~f' research and superiority over prejudice, that he could be trusted to ~rite of the things he saw; whose work .proves him to be, notwithstanding the occasional obscurity ~f his style, the theme of Cicero's ~i·iticism, not less an orator, th~n an intellige~t narrator of facts, ~nd whose deep, philosophic, dis,criminating .l'.ast of mind, is reflected in almost every page of his imperishabl,e work. These all join to invite our future study, and promise to repay it with the richest reward that mi~d ~~n irnpm;t to mind. , I will not pause to . speak of Demosthenes and Cicero, Virgil and Horace, Livy and Sallust, Plato, and Socrates, who lives but in Plato, and the reminiscences of Xenophon. They are all before us. They all claim to be our companions through life, to go forth with us when we leave these halls, and .enrich us with the stores of their accumulated learning. One hour of daily critical converse with some one or other of them, we undertake to say, will make us not less easy than delighted in their company. It may be said, that we can have access to those noble productions of the scholars, who have rreceded us, and that through their translations, we may, without toil and long fa_ tiguing labor, extract from them all the gold they contain. The argument is preeminently weak in all its parts. "'l'rue it is," (to use the language of one of the brightest lights of this Western continent,) "these may be all now read in our ver- ALUMNI AND STUDENTS OF ST. JOI-INS. 13 nacular tongue. But only as one rememl:iers the face of a dead friend, by gathering up the ;broken fragments of his image-as one listens lo the tale of .a dream twice told-as one catches the roar of the ocean in t:h.e ripple of .the rivulet-- as one sees the blaze of noon in the first glimmer of twilight." There is a fulness, freshneEs, idiomatic force and expressiveness in the original, which you well know n,o translator can catch, no matter how deeply imbued he ,may be with the master spirit of the original. We are free to admit, that translations are of singular advantage to .o.ur more advanc,ed study of the ancients. ·They are accomplished criticisms; roost valuable helps to in(ei:pretalion, and where not slavishly followed or received with ,blind credulity, they may, . ith .profit, be studied w and examined wi~h the originals, by those who hp.ve, for themselves, alre;ady mastered the philology and philosophy of the languages. We ,are free to ad,mit that they a1;e .of inestimable value to those, who, unfortunately, are ignorant .of the originals. But oh! :who that is just beginning life, at the close of the collegia\e ,career, with the balmy atrnosph,er.e and clustering fruit of the academic groves all around him; i,n the midst of the daz_,zling visions of the future, and the kind~ing enthusiasm of the scliolaF-spirit within hi~n, would listen to such weak counselling of ease and self indulgence; or s.uffer himself to be misled and duped by an argurn,e nt so full of sophistry? Who, in the freshness of life's early dawn, when hope is beating high, and the first bu,ds of ancient lit.erature, a ros,e from P.arnassus, or a myrtle from Mount Cy Ilene, are just bursting on , is sight, h could rest .contente,d with the rnere report of another, while it was his own high privilege to go into those luxuriant gardens, and pluck the flow.ers and the frujt that were ri10.st congenial to the taste, and tempting to t. e sight? Moreover, the use of h translations alone would neµtruli~,e the whole benefit of the intellectual training, which t)1,e study of the originals cannot fail to bestow. , This critical study of the classics, ,continued from day to day, all through life, is a thing of toil. It is work, work, every inch of it; a mighty work, the constant struggle of mind with mind. It is not, what some might be pleased to term it, "studium otii." Not at all. It is work. But it is work which wilI soon accommodate itself to the sinew and muscle, that are· '' �14 AN ADDRESS , DELIVERED BEF'ORE THE trained to constant exercise. It is work which will each day become easier, until at last the very idea of labor will be swallowed up in that of rich enjoyment. The notion that literature in its widest signification is of no avail' or ralher, prejudicial to proficiency ia professional life, is preposterous; and yet it is not without its advocates. Let the profession be named, which can dispense, without l-0ss, with sound ancient literature, and we yield the point without debate. Passing by the profession of medicine and theology, let us take for illustration the profession of the law. We honor it, because it is noble . nd elevating. The recollection of its mighty masa ter s.pirits is among the most vivid of our life's young being. Its end is the triumph of juslice; its means, enlightened reason, enriched with learning and radiant with eloquence; and its circumference of usefulness, wide as the bomidaries of civilization. It makes every thing in the circle of nature, and of science, tributary to itself. It lays its hand upon every region in the territory of thought, and appropriates its treasures to the defence of innocence, and the maintenance of ·right. We speak of the law as it should be; and we ask, what more befitting companions for the young men, who are preparing for the forum and the courts of judicature, and aspiring to become the expounders of the constitution and the laws, than Demosthenes and Cicero, Herodotus and Thucydides, Plato and Aristotle? Does brilliancy diminish the solidity of the diamond? does the sparkle on the ocean 'vave take from the depth of ocean? 1'he deepest and profoundest study of the driest principles of the common law may be carried on, aye, has been carried on, in the midst of the critical study of the classics of Greece and Rome, not only without detriment to proficiency, but with signal advantage to the depth and practical power of the advocate. Judge Story, "dulce nmnen observatur ad aures," one of the most accomplished jurists that ever presided over an American tribunal-the contemporary and equal of Marshall and Kent, that proud triumvirate of American jurisprude.n ce-a name never to be mentioned by the scholar without reverence-a model of intellectual culture, that any young man might be proud to imitate-whose learning was drawn from the most erudite sources, and adorned with an eloquence that few may hope to equal-Judge Story, speaking of the late distinguished ALUMNI AND STUDENTS OF' ST. JOHNS. ,, 15 attorney general Legare of South Carolina, says: "That it is a most singular circumstance, that eminence in general literature should, in the public mind, detract trom a man's repiltatioll as a lawyer. It is an unworthy prejudice, for certainly the science of juri3prudence may borrow, as well as receire ornament, from the cultivation of all the other branches of human learning." And if there were wanting a practical illustration of this most admirable criticism, 1here could not be desired ' 6h·e more brilliant and conCl'usive than the patriot orator and elo" quent jurist. For the depth of theil'legal knowledge was only equalled by the richness and variety of their literary attainments; I know that difficulties· throng the pathway I would recotnmend. Much easier is it to counsel than to execute. It is a herculean task to blend a life of business with a life of study. But surely he, who speaks in the presence of those who have just won the high honors of their Alma Mater, and are panting for still higher distinction, ;would be alike wantin<T to himself b and them, if he were to counsel self-indulgence or a criminal sloth: Business, study, enterprise, the laudable ambi'tiou to make the utmost of the powers we have, are the atmosphere of this quiet retreat. Would yon have us, now. that the arena is widening around you, and we have come back after long years of separation, to lay our humble tribute of gratitude owthis venerable shrine, and offer our congratulations to you ,' our y;ounger brethren-I repeat, would you have us acknowledge or recognize the existence of any other principle, than ·that of a wholesome, continuous exertion? Wete we so unmindful· of our dnty to ourselves and you, we should be put to the blush by every sight and sound that meets the eye and ear. This is an age· 0f eminent activity, onward is its truest definition: The laggard 'is· without a type in the buzz of panting enterprise and bolt! adventure-and he who would act his part, or fulfil his mission, must be up and doing. Earnestness must be the very element of the life he leads. Beauties of nature cluster all · around u~. The mild, yet majestic Severn, almost unrivalled in the clearness and liquid beauty of its fl.ow, and the broad, bold Chesapeake, combine to lend their enchantment to the scene that daily meet& your admiring view. There is something in a spot like this, of quiet I t �16' AN Aii>DRESS, DELIVERED BEFORE THE gra'n'deur and retired beautj, to indicate it an academic retreat. Asfociations of power are all around us! Mighty men have stootl, where we now stahi:I'! Still mightier deeds have been enacted within sight of this venerable Institution. Strains of eloquence, which might well rival the eloql.tence of Greece and Rome, because fed · from their own exhaustless fountains, and·kept by diligent culture in a copious and healthful flow, and which have moved and swayed, as by irresistible impulse, the hearts and minds of multitudes, found here the arena for their first wondrous development. Great names overshadow us! 1'he spirits of the ]'fast seem to hover over this beautiful hall, so long consecrated' to learning, and still radiant With its brightest beams ! They stJeak to us from the drooping bi.1t giant limbs of yon majestic poplar, whic~ stands now, where" it stood a century ago, in all' its pride; beneath whose fosteHng shade, their souls were attuned to deeds and thoughts "of greatness. 1'he voice of one a:nd all combine to lend their sole"inn eloquence to this occasion, and point, with pec'uliar emphasis, to that much neglected path we w'ould have you tread: There is power in"the place, and power'in· the meh· to mbve our every soul to action! If Cicero could· counsel Marcus, his son, in those thrilling words, "Te abundare oportetpraxeptis ALUMNI AND STUDENTS OF ST. JOHNS. ~ ' _, I institutisque philosopliice propter summam' doctoris auctoritatem et urbis; quorum alter te scientia'augere potest, altera exemplis," may we' not, in view of our Alma· Mater and· this venerable city, once known by the name of the Modern Athens, assert., that it behooves us to abound in all that can add dignity to the intellect and· purity to the character, propter sumrnam doctoris auctoritatem et urbis; quorum alter nos augere potest altera exemplis. The shades of the illustrious dead are here to enforce my feeble advocacy of this cause! Key, the poet and the orator, who with that singular fortune which few others posse~sed, save the Father of his country, actually inscribed his name upon the floating stars·and stripes, so that it now floats triumphantly in every sea that is freighted with our commerce!Key, whose genius was not more conspicuous on Parnassus than in the forum of debate !-the man, whose commanding talents were all consecrated to virtue and to virtue's deeds, was accustomed· to spend, in the study of the classics, moments which are 01'<.iinarily squandered by the young in vapid pleasures and I\ 17 senseless reveries. The fire of Homer and the grandeur of Demosthenes were familiarized to his mind. He loved to linger, in the pride of his manly beauty, as when his sun went down while it was yet day, on .classic ground . And never shall I forget the music tones of his voice, as, a short time before his death, lie repeated one of the Latin Psalms of Buchanan, and in a strain of rich criticism, dwelling upon its beauties, pronounced it, in the softness of its fl.ow and the purity of its diction, to be not unworthy the latinily of the Ciceronian age. MuJray, Key's bosom companion, not less lovely in his life and death, who might have transmitted his own chivalrous and heroic spirit to our gallant Navy, and identified himself with its rising glory-that Navy which has given to this beautiful city another institution of learning, which , under its preser).t admirable disciplii1e and distinguished corps of Professors, is sending forth officers worthy of our national character; who will be.a r the olive branch of peace for their country's glory, and if need require, wake again those mighty thunders which have made the names of P erry and Hull, D ecatur and Bainbridge, the terror of the seas. I repeat, Murray, who might have identified himself with the rising glory of the Navy, had he not chosen rather the life of the private christian gentleman, was a ripe scholar, perfectly at home on Roman and Grecian ground. Shaw too was a scholar; but alas ! he died too young to give more than the opening bud of that scholarship to the country; and that bud yet lives in freshness and in beauty here in the garden of his youthful training. Time would fail me to name all the sons (some of whom were lumina eloquentice) of whom Maryland m ay be justly proud, whose eloquence, thoug h now a by-gone tradition, has left an echo behind, that still makes vocal your halls of legislation and courts of judicature-who have won a world-wide fame, and the most illustrious of whom were earnest students in the path we have pointed out- your exemplars and mine, brethren of the Alumni, in all that can give dignity to human attainments, and might and majesty to human eloquence . These were not mere dependents on genius, however brilliant. They were hard-working, laborious, earnest-minded men, who well knew that those who would be principes inter pares, a,nd 3 I f �18 AN ADDRESS, DELIVERED BEFORE THE leave their impress upon the age, must do it by u steady application of mind to the pursuits of learning. It is said that Boston is eloquent in incident anu association; and he must be dead to the beauty and power of all that is rich in incident and thrilling in circumstance, who does not concede the justice of the high euloguim. But Euston is not a whit more eloquent in those mighty springs of human action, than Annapolis. If the tea exploit of the one wakes the patriot bosom of her youth to high enthusiasm; the other boasts of u like illustrious exploit. If Washington blew the first bugle blast of freedom 011 Boston heights, and unsheathed beneath the old American Elm the sword that was to win his country's freedom-it was in Annapolis he returned it to 'its scabbard without one dishonoring stain upon it, when that country's freedom was achievecl. Oh then, do you not see, that he who would address you on an occasion like the present, rn ust sink his own personal insignificance in the glory and grandeur that every where surround him! "The past is secure."-It can never perish.-It is written on the page of history. When that page is closed and men cease to read it ·with delight, then, indeed, will national exaltation be a dream and freedom live but in name. Young gentlemen, when you step from this platform and turn to receive the warm greetings of your friends, who have witnessed with not less pride than pleasure the triumphs of your toil and skill-you will have passed the gulf that separates boyhood from manhood. Henceforth you will have to be the architects of your own future renown. Obstacles, which it is no part of wisdom to diminish or conceal, will confront you from the start. You must grapple with them like men. The , pathway of eminence is literally strewed with difficulties, and as you traverse it you will find it illuminated with a halo of glory-and while your in experienced zeal may well quake and tremble at their magnitude and seeming invincibility, there will come up from the abysses of the past many voices to stimulate and encourage you, by recalling· to mind those mighty triumphs, the achievement of which the pen of history has already immortalized. · Those difficulties have all been vanquished, and you may henceforth regard them only as so many trophies of a battle fought and won . Temptations to in<lolence � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Programs and Addresses Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource Addresses given at commencement and programs of events related to, and including, the annual commencement ceremonies at St. John's College. Includes both the undergraduate and Graduate Institute commencements. The College Archives holds programs and/or addresses for the following years: <ul> <li>1796</li> <li>1835-1836</li> <li>1842</li> <li>1852</li> <li>1856-1857</li> <li>1870</li> <li>1878</li> <li>1880</li> <li>1890</li> <li>1893</li> <li>1895</li> <li>1897</li> <li>1907</li> <li>1910-1918</li> <li>1920-1924</li> <li>1928-1929</li> <li>1932</li> <li>1936-1937</li> <li>1939-1945</li> <li>1947-present </li> </ul> Click on <a title="Commencement Programs and Addresses" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=18&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CDate&sort_dir=d">Items in the Commencement Programs and Addresses Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context commencementprograms Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 18 pages (Incomplete) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Address, 1852 (Incomplete) Description An account of the resource An address delivered before the alumni and students of St. Johns. On the 23rd February, 1852. By the Rev. William Pinkney. (Incomplete) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pinkney, William, 1810-1883 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Robert F. Bonsall, Printer Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1852-02-23 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Commencement Address by Rev. William Pinkney (Incomplete) 1852-02-23 Relation A related resource <a title="Commencement Program" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/show/3622">Commencement Program</a> Commencement https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/b63e72e4a0a801bbbeec4f834e538f6b.pdf a2e5f9c176079db20fce746755d7888e PDF Text Text ( ACCOUNT OF THE COMMENCEMENT OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, ANNAPOLIS, AND THE ATTENDAN'l' EXERCISES , February 23d, 1852, W ITH A LIST OF THE GRADUATES . BALTIMORE: P RI N T E D RY S A N DS & M I LLS, No. 1 Jarvis Building. 1852. 'I �• SOME ACCOUNT OF THE COMMENCEMENT OJ' ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, ANNAPOLIS , AND THE ATTENDANT EXE R CISES , February 23d, 1852, WITH A LIST OF THE GR A DUATES. BALTIMORE : PRI N TED BY SANDS & M ILLS, No. I Jarvis Building. 1852. �COMM~ENCEMENT. THE Commencement of ST. JoHN ' s CoLLEGE for the year 1852, was held on Monday, the 23rd of February, in the Hall of the College. The following account of it, and of the attendant exercises, has been prepared, and a limited number of copies printed, at the instance of a few of the Alumni, for more convenient preservation. A list of the Graduates is also appended. The object of the publication is to revive among the Alumni a stronger interest in behalf of their Alma Mater; by promoting a better acquaintance, and strengthening the bond of brotherhood, among her sons; by inducing a larger attendance at her Annual Commencements; and inciting to a more zealous co-operation and more efficient measures to advance her welfare. On Sunday, the 22nd, the Baccalaureate sermon was preached by the Rev. Dr. Humphreys, the President of the College, from the text, Eccles. V., 10-" He that loveth silver, shall not be satisfied with silver." This discourse was an exceedingly able and impressive one; its earnest and forcible admonitions, especially those directed against some of the more -prominent evils of the day, are calculated to exert a timely and salutary influence ; and we trust that its learned author will yield to the special request of the Alumni, and the very general desire for its publication. At Commencement, after the usual opening Prayer by the ·President, the following was the order of exercises, enlivened by music between the parts, from an excellent Band: I. 0RATION--,-Chivalry-with the Salutatory Address in Latin, by WILLIAM SPRIGG HALL. II . ORATION-The Issue of the Nineteenth Century, by JAMES IGLEHART, Jr. �4 5 III. OR~TION-The .Pleasures and Enjoyments connected with the Pursmt of Science, by WILLIAM SAUNDERS GREEN. IV. ORATION-Dramatic Literature, by J. PINKNEY SPARKS.* V. ORATION-Fancy versus Fact, by THOMAS J. WILSON, Esq., a candidate for the Degree of Master of Arts. VI. ORATION-Genius, its Responsibilities and Rewardswith the Valedictory Address, by CHARLES BREWER. 'rhe degree of A. B. was then conferred upon the above named graduates ; and that of Master of Arts upon Thomas J. Wilson, James Mackubin, Wm. Q. Claytor, John Ridout, Harwood Iglehart, Thomas B. Chase, E. L. Foote, Wm. T. Claude, Wm. H. McParlin, J. H. Franklin, and J. Revell; graduates of previous classes. The honorary degree of A. M. on Dr. Wm. Sands, Dr. Wm. B. Duvall, and Dr. Marius Duvall, U. S. N. The orations were well written, and delivered with propriety and spirit. The address before the Alumni, an eloquent and appropriate production, was delivered by the Rev. Wm. Pinkney, A. M., and will be printed. A large meeting of the Alumni, with some of the Trustees and Faculty, was held in the evening, in the College Library, at which his Excellency, Gov. Lowe, presided- when various measures for promoting the interests of the institution, were proposed and discussed with earnestness and zeal. These were referred to different committees to carry into effect the views of the meeting. After adjournment the meeting, with other invited guests, proceeded to the large room above the library, where an elegant and substantial supper awaited them, upon tables encircling three sides of the room, and reflecting great credit upon the Committee of Arrangements, Joseph H. Nicholson, Thomas Karney and Frank H. Stockett, Esqs. In discussing the substantialities of the table, "the feast of reason,''. was not wholly forgotten, and many good things were said, as well as swallowed. The first toast, "THE MEMORY OF WASHINGTON," was proposed by Gov. Lowe, preceded by brief but eloquent and impressive remarks, in which he urged the duty of American citizens especially on that day, _o recall the man, his example and his teachings, and to do t fitting honor to his character and virtues. The health of the President of the United States, was drank with respect and cordiality. Gov. Lowe was again called out by a complimentary toast from Col. Nicholson, and was exceedingly happy in acknowledgment. He referred to the peculiarity of his position, as the first Governor under the new constitution of the State, and the difficulties inseparable from the administration of the government under such circumstances. He declared, however, that he derived confidence and satisfaction from the assurance that the agents chosen to aid him in their respective departments, were so well qualified and able; especially in the Judiciary, which was so well represented that night by a gentleman, who, standing at that moment under the proud eye of his Alma Mater, might look up with conscious pride and confidence for her approval, as he came to her Annual Festival, to lay upon her altar the successive honors that he had won since he went forth from her halls. Judge Wm. H. Tuck, of the Court of Appeals, thus happily alluded to, responded in modest but becoming terms, disclaiming the appropriation to himself of the flattering language of the Governor ,- and concluding some reference to the earlier days of the College, with the sentiment, "The early Alumni of St. John's- while we reverence their memories, let us emulate their virtues." Dr. Abram Claude, with some remarks complimentary to a portion of the invited guests, proposed the toast, "The Naval Academy and the Officers of the Navy- we rtjoice at the presence of the.first at Annapolis, and of its representatives at our Festival." Professor Wm. Chauvenet, of the Naval Academy, responded, in behalf of his associates, in an exceedingly sensible and appropriate speech, in which he alluded very happily to the relations of sympathy between the school that he represented and St. John's College. They were kindred institutions- the one for the cultivation of those capacities which fitted men to fulfil "Excused from speaking. (. I �6 7 .their mission by performing well all the duties of life, as involved in the relations of home and country, the fireside and the social circle;-the other, by developing those sterner qualities of energy, courage, hardihood and endurance, to prepare those subjected to its discipline to become the efficient guardians and protectors of the rest. After expanding this thought in a strain of forcible illustration, he concluded with the toast, "Education, Academic and Military-kindred in aim and object- the one to fit men to become good citizens at home, the other to defend the interests and honor of their countiy abroad." John G. Proud, Jr., Esq., of Baltimore, being called upon to represent the later graduates of the College, spoke as follows: I beg leave, Brothers of the Alumni, to occupy your attention for a few moments, with a theme which I am sure will find a responsive chord in the breast of eve1y son of St. John's. Reverence for the past is a wise, a salutaiy sentiment; one which it becomes us well to cherish, especially in this our country, and this our time, when the tendencies are unhappily too much to forget the admonitions of age, and even the teachings of experience. Still we may carry the feeling too far, and I have thought that we of St. John's, were rather prone to dwell upon, and to rest upon, the reputation of former days, and perhaps to exaggerate it, forgetful alike of the obligations of the present and the demands of the future. In the history of our Alma Mater, let us continue to cherish the memory of her earlier sons-not so much to be-praise them with studied eulogy as to emulate their virtues. But I would invoke the sentiment of reverence for what is ancient and time honored, in behalf of an old familiar friend -which, although neither human nor animal, is yet so identified with the recollections and regards of eve1y son of St. John's, as to have almost obtained in his mind a real and sentient personality. I mean the Old Poplar of the College Green, the tutelar Tree of our Alma Mater. And there is nothi'ng incongruous, nothing repugnant to our nature in this regard. For in every age of the world, there seems to have existed an instinctive reverence for trees-from the sacred groves of Athens and Sparta, to the Druidical oaks of ancient Britain. I shall not, however- I need not multiply examples. But in our own land, what thronging associations cluster, like evergreen vines, around the memory of old historic trees! Who has not heard of the Charter Oak of Hartford, or the Treaty Elm of William Penn? How often has the young American pilgrim,' standing in the shade of some one of these venerated relics of the past, caught something of the spirit of the place, and felt his breast glow with new and purer patriotism! But more than these-more than all beside,-the stately forest trees that adorn the lawns of Mount Vernon, many of which were planted by his hand, whose name is in every heart that hears me, and needs no tongue to give it utterance; and beneath ·whose shade that majestic form so often reposed. Who that has visited that spot, which the mem01y of his heroic life and virtuous fame has consecrated as one of the sacred shrines of earth- who that has stood beneath the dense shadow of those solemn trees, but has felt some strange, mysterious intluence shed down upon him from their dark foliage, i( fusing around him a purer atmosphere-filling his soul with loftier aspirations, and quickening every pulse of his nature into a livelier sympathy with the good, the noble, and the true? It would seem as though the spirit that once moved there in bodily form, still lingered, though unseen, around those sacred trees, and breathed a holier influence on all who approached the spot. But to return from these objects of national and historic interest, to one having a more direct and personal relation to ourselves, I beg leave to continue what I have to say about our own familiar tree in a form, hardly deserving the dignity, of Ode or Poem, to the impelfections of which I must ask your kind indulgence. Its design is simply to touch a chord of sympathy in your hearts, my brothers of the Alumni; a. d n �8 from you, at least, the subject and the occasion will secure an indulgent 'criticism. THE OLD. POPLAR TREE. " Wise with the lore of centuries, What tales, if there be tongues in trees, Those giant oaks could tell ! "-Halleck. Come, Brothers Alumni, and listen to me ;I'll tell you a tale of the Old Poplar Trne. The Old Poplar Tree was the green forest 's prideHis roots he struck deep, and his arms he spread wide, And frosts and the tempest for ages defied. For ages roll'd on, and the past became dim, But Time laid his rough hand but lightly on him, And spared the Old Monarch, so gnarled and grim. And lo ! as he waves his majestic, tall head, Dim shades, from the past, of the long buried dead, Rise, thronging to life, with slow stately tread ! Hark ! he would speak ! 'tis a voice from the past, Borne, like a sigh, on the breast of the blast,Fainter and fainter, it grows to the last. " I am one of a race of brave forest trees, That battled for ages, the storm and the breeze ·! Year after year, 'neath the touch of decay, They fell, one by one; and, passing away, Left me still lingering, alone, and the last, With memories full of the shadowy past. In days of my youth, with my friends by my side, The swift-footed Elk, with his antlers of pride, And Buffalo, strong in the might of his mane, Rov'd, tameless and free, over hill-side and plain. 9 Then was the Red man the lord of the soil, Harden'd to suffer, but scorning base toil ; Eager to start on the war-path or chase, With scalps of his foes his wigwam to grace. How oft, in seclusion of my friendly shade, The bold Indian lover has woo'd his brown maid! How oft, when the war-dance has call'd to the fight, The Council fire gleam'd midst the gloom of the night! Or, buried the hatchet, all drippi~g and wet, The blue smoke has curl 'd from the peace calumet ! But across the great waters the White man came, W ith an arm of might, and a sword of flame ;And the Red men shrank to a shadowy band, And faded away from their Father-land. The race of the Saxon fast peopled the plain, And the sails of their commerce whitened the main ; And the murderous axe, with pitiless blow, Laid, one by one, all my stout coimades low, And let in the sun,1 at the early morn, On the cultur'd field, and the waving corn; Where the toils of peace, and the arts of taste, Gladden'd the wild, and blossom'd the waste. But the Halcyon folded his peace-laden wing, And the winds, o'er the waves, the storm shadows bring; For the tribute ship from the oppressor 's shore, The odious freight in defiance bore. But the lurid flames of the burning bark * Shot through the land an electric spark:And a gallant band, 'neath my spreading shade, Rais'd a star-gem 'd flag, and drew the bright blade Which they swore not to sh eathe, when the strife was begun, Till Liberty's battle was gloriously won! Loud rang the stern alarmLong and deadly was the fight:"Note a. �11 10 But oh! it was a goodly sight, "When Freedom, from his mountain height," Buckling his youthful armor on, Grappled with old Oppression's arm, "And battled for the right!" The conflict was over-and Peace smil'd again, And with Freedom, triumphant, divided the reign; And pour'd o'er the land a beneficent train Of blessings unnumber'd, sent down from above, To gladden all hearts with contentment and love. 'Twas then at my feet , that the fair Temple rose, Whose foundations were laid by the pride of our foes; t A Temple, of science and virtue the shrine, Where the laurel and myrtle so gracefully twine. Where the long, honor'cl line, St. John's, of thy sons, From a fountain perennial unceasingly runs: Whence thy children, sent forth on the world's strugglingwave, Return back, in honors, the honors you gave. Oh! well may I claim in your triumphs to share; Since each of the sons of your fostering care, Or seeking relief from the noon's sultry sun, Or at soft eventide when the clay's task was clone, Has in tum, hail'd the shade of the Old Poplar Tree, And raised his young eyes with affection to me! And late, when the flames raged fierce at my heart,! And the life-sap, fast dried, seem'd about to depart, Kind friends gather'd round me and labor'd to save The Old Poplar Tree from a premature grave. Nor affection, nor toil the ruin had stay'd, When Science, invoked, came swift to my aidJust breath'd on the flames, curling wildly on high, Then left them, o'er mastered and shrinking, to die. And now, that decay is remov'd from the core, Fresh streams of new sap through my aged trunk pour, And renew, in my limbs, the vigor of youth, As springs) from its ashes, the Phamix of Truth. But time will yet come when I too must decayMust pass, from the green earth, forever away! Then remember me kindly for what I have beenFor the long, buried ages, and changes I've seenThe Old Poplar Tree, of the old College Green! The following Impromptu lines by another Graduate of the College were suggested by reading the preceding Poem : SONNET: BY AN OLD ALUMNUS. Well hast thou sung, 0 friend, in kindling strain, Of thoughts that gird our brave old Poplar-tree ; Thronging like bees that Spring sends not in vain; Its corols of their honied clew to free : Wearing all forms, (some that distinctest be~ Some, dim in airy distance of long years;) Of all who ever 'neath its shadow dreamed In opening life-of all their hopes and fears! There cluster nvy dreams, too; yet ever seemed Amid the groups its ample sward scarce bears, To my eyes ·erst, one, first, pre-eminent; Where, over earnest faces strongly gleamed The fire-light of a foreign herb whose scent, As patriot-incense, Heavenward from the old ttee went! tNoteb. tNotec. ', �.I 12 To complete the record of mementos connected with this interesting object, we also append the lines of DR. JoHN SHAw one of the earliest and most distinguished of the ' Alumni of St. John's,-which are to be found in a volume of his Poems published in the year 1810. The sonhet was probably written some years before. SONNET. BY DR. SHAW. Thee, ancient Tree, autumnal storms assail, Thy shatter'd branches spread the sound afar; Thy tall head bows before the rising gale, Thy pale leaf flits along the troubled air. No more thou boastest of thy vernal bloom, Thy wither'd foliage glads the eye no more; Yet ~till thy presence and thy lonely gloom A secret pleasure to my soul restore. For round thy trunk my careless childhood stray'd When fancy led me cheerful o'er the green, And· many a frolic feat beneath thy shade Far distant days and other suns have seen. Fond recollection kindles at the view, And acts each long departed scene anew. NOTES. (a) The patriotism of the Whigs of Annapolis surpassed even that of their brethren of Boston. Not content with destroying "the detestable weed," as they indignantly called the tea, they caused the ship that brought it to be burnt-and that deliberately, in open day, and undisguised;- making the offending consignees the unwilling instruments of their own punishment. (McMahon: page 408, &c.) A friend with a taste for antiquarian pursuits, affirms the tradition that the tea was unshipped, and piled 'up and burnt at the foot of the Old Tree. Ali accounts agree that the owners or consignees were compelled to apply the torch with their own hands. (b) The old hall of the College was begun on its present foundation by Robert Eden, last Colonial Governor, for his own residence. It remained unfinished during the Revolution, and obtained the expressive name of "the Governor's Folly. " ( c) The allusion will be readily understood by every inhabitant of Annapolis. The origin of the fire was accidental, but very singular. Some boys were firing a little cannon on the north side of the Tree, where there was then no apparent opening- when they were suddenly startled by the bursting forth of the flames, supposed to have been caused by a spark from their miniature artillery, falling through some unnoticed aperture, among the dry leaves within. The fire soon caught the dead wood that lined its ample hollow, raging violently inside, and from the difficulty of reaching it, defying for a long time the efforts to extinguish it of a large part of the male population of Annapolis, whom solicitude for its safety haC! drawn to the spot. lt was at last subdued by the fumes of Sulphur, applied by Dr. Humphreys, the President of the College. So far from having injured the tree, the fire seems to have only burnt away its decay, and renovated its vigor-presenting now a chari·ed surface on the interior. It is gratifying to learn, in connexion with this object of strong, and more than local interest, that Dr. Humphreys designs to apply fresh earth to itfi roots, in hopes of prolonging its life. ' ; �15 Reverdy Johnson, George Mackubin, John Mercer, Henry Maynadier Murray, Lewis Neth, William E. Pinkney, Francis Reid, Samuel C. Thomas. 1810. i John Johnson, Thomas Randall, • John Ridout. 1811. John Gwynne, John Marbury, Addison Ridout. 1821. John Carville Howard, + Alexander Randall. 1827. 1 John Henry Alexander, Thomas Archer, .., William Harwood, Ezekiel Hughes, William Pinkney, William H. Tuck. 1829. John Archer, Hyde Ray Bowie, James Boyle, + Daniel Clarke, ... Robert Emmett Culbreth, 1 John Hardcastle Culbreth, Thomas John Franklin, John Randall Hagner Ellis Hughes, ' Thomas Karney, Edward Pannell, N~nian Pinkney, Nicholas John Watkins. 1832. James Sands Holland, James William Thompson. 1834. Orlando Hutton, John Greene Proud, Jr. 1 LIST OF THE GRADUATES OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. ... John Claude, CLASS OF 1790. ;- William Donaldson, -+ William Davidson, , Alexander Hammett, -l- Thomas Drysdale. .. William Horsey, 1792. ... William Potts, --+- William Long. ... John Hanson Thomas, 1793. .. Janies West. -1 Charles Alexander, 1799. + John Addison Carr, John Frederick Colson, + Christopher Harrison. --+ Thomas Beale Dorsey, 1794. 1- Walter Farnanclis, + Thomas Chase, Christian H. Grammer, ' John Duckett, James S. Grant, + Richard Harwood, Thomas Rogers, + John Holliday, Robert C. Stone, +John Contee Herbert, David Hqffman. +Alexander C. Magruder, 1800. +Jacob Tschudy. James Boyle, 1796. Richard Brown, - --+ William Cooke, David R. Geddes, ..i. Robert Henry Goldsborough, John Saunders. + Francis Scott Key, 1802. Samuel Maynard, Richard Loockerman, Daniel Murray, A. F. A. Marye, Charles Retallick, - - , James Murray, William Pinkney, Jesse Hyde Ray. John Shaw, 1804. Abraliani Usher, 1 Nicholas Carroll, Cariysle F. Whiting. Upton Scott Reid, 1797. Polydore O'Reilly, John Leeds Kerr, George Wilmot, John Tayloe Lomax, John L. Wilson, "" Robert Y. Goldsborough, Christopher Hughes . ~ James Lowry Donaldson, 1806. • John Rumsey, \ Thomas John Brice, • Leslie Stewart. -1 John Guyer, 1798. James Harwood, '" William Campbell, + Lucien Bonaparte Wright. 1835. Edwin Boyle, Abraham Claude, Richard Culbreth, T~1omas Holme Hagner, Richard C. Mackubin. 1836. George Grundy, Thomas Granger William R. Ha~ard, George Johnson, Joshua Dorsey Johnson, Edward Muse, George H. Reeder, William 0. Reeder, William Henry Thomas Franklin Weems, ' Nicholas Brice Worthington. 1837. John M. Brome, Frederick S. Brown, John W. Martin, Joseph Trapnell, Trueman Tyler. 1838. William Tell Claude, Savington W. Crampton, Henry H. Goldsborough, Charles N. Mackubin William Henry Thodipson William Henry_ Trapnell, ' Edward W orthmgton. 1839. Samuel Chamberlaine, Philip Culbreth, Wm. Henry Gough Dorsey, John Thos. Beale Dorsey Worthington Ross, ' Frederick Stone, Brice T. B. Worthington, Brice John Worthington. 1840. John M. Brewer, Benjamin F. Bohrer, -+ Jeremiah L. Hughes, �16 Thomas W. Winchester. 1841. Luther Giddings, William Giddings, Daniel M. Henry, George Stephen Humphreys, Francis Henry Stockett. 1842. John Basil, George Betton, Jonathan Pinkney Hammond, Samuel Ridout. 1844. Llewellyn Boyle, Alexander H. Gambrill, John 'Thomas Hall, James Kemp Harwood, Thomas A. McParlin, Basil S. Murdoch, Henry Maynadier Murray, John Shaaff Stockett, William, H. Young. 1846. Nicholas Brewer, Jr. Marbury Brewer, Richard H. Cowman, John Decker, Jr. Daniel Murray Thomas, 1847. Robert Chandler, Elizur Lancel Foote, John R. P. Forbes, James Shaw Franklin, William H. McParlin, John Mullan. 1849. Thomas B. Chase, William Q. Claytor, Harwood Iglehart, James Mackubin, James Revell, John Ridout, Thos. Jones Wilson. 1850. Dennis Claude, 3d John McMahon Holland, Thomas Richard Stockett. 1852. Charles Brewer, William Saunders Green, William Sprigg Hall, James Iglehart, Jr. Jonathan Pinkney Sparks. Those in Italics Eng. Dip. HONORARY DEGREES. 1827. Theodorick Bland, Chancellor of Maryland, LL.D. Sylvanus Thayer, U. S. A., LL.D. 1834. Nathan C. Brooks, A. M. 1836. Rev'd. Henry Elwell, A. M. Rev'd. David F. Schaeffer, D.D. 1839. Rev'd. Joseph Wolff, D. D. 1840. Rev'd George F. Worthington, A. M. Edward Hazen, A. M. 1841. Rt. Rev'd. George Washington Doane, Bishop of New Jersey, LL.D. 1844. John Tayloe Lomax, Judge of Court, Va., LL.D. 1850. Rev'd. Gordon Winslow, D. D. Rev'd. Edward J. Stearns, A.M. 1852. Dr. William Sands, A. M. Dr. Wm. W. Duvall, A. M. Dr. Marius Duvall; A. M. I f �I f, �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Programs and Addresses Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource Addresses given at commencement and programs of events related to, and including, the annual commencement ceremonies at St. John's College. Includes both the undergraduate and Graduate Institute commencements. The College Archives holds programs and/or addresses for the following years: <ul> <li>1796</li> <li>1835-1836</li> <li>1842</li> <li>1852</li> <li>1856-1857</li> <li>1870</li> <li>1878</li> <li>1880</li> <li>1890</li> <li>1893</li> <li>1895</li> <li>1897</li> <li>1907</li> <li>1910-1918</li> <li>1920-1924</li> <li>1928-1929</li> <li>1932</li> <li>1936-1937</li> <li>1939-1945</li> <li>1947-present </li> </ul> Click on <a title="Commencement Programs and Addresses" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=18&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CDate&sort_dir=d">Items in the Commencement Programs and Addresses Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context commencementprograms Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 18, 1 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Program, 1852 Description An account of the resource Some account of the commencement of St. John's College, Annapolis, and the attendant exercises, February 23rd, 1852, with a list of the graduates. Also includes a handwritten poem "by a non-graduate". On page 13 is an account of damage to the Liberty Tree caused by boys firing a small cannon. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St. John's College Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sands & Mills Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Baltimore, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1852-02-23 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Relation A related resource <a title="Commencement Address" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/show/3621">Commencement Address</a> Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Some Account of the Commencement (with handwritten poem) 1852-02-23 Commencement Liberty tree https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/0b33391caa6333afece2fdf91a890974.pdf bfa725a71827a5baa3b3cc78dd6851a6 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hector Humphreys Papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource The Hector Humphreys papers include letters, sermons, a commencement speech, and a manual for farmers. Series I contains letters written to Humphreys between 1821-1856. Correspondents include students and colleagues from Yale and Washington College, religious colleagues, and a letter from his niece, Adeline C. Griswold. Humphreys also corresponded with Denison Olmsted, a professor at Yale, about a scientific apparatus, demonstrating Humphreys's interest in science and his search for materials to improve St. John's science program. Series II contains Humphreys's sermons, an 1852 St. John's College commencement speech, and a manual for farmers on the chemistry of soil and manure. All items are hand-written and bound, and illustrations of soldiers or other men are pasted on the front cover of the sermons and commencement speech. The sermons were given in churches around Annapolis and Eastport such as St. Anne's Episcopal Church, All Hallows Church, St. Margaret's Church, and the Naval Academy. For more information about this collection, see the <a href="https://sjc.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/16">finding aid</a>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Letter from J. A. Thomas to Hector Humphreys Description An account of the resource Letter from J. A. Thomas to Hector Humphreys. 19 April 1856. Receipt of 44 volumes containing documents from the 2nd session of the 33rd Congress. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thomas, John Addison, 1811-1858 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington, D.C. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856-04-19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/ Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hector Humphreys papers Subject The topic of the resource Congress Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Humphreys, Hector, 1797-1857 Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HUM_001_013 Congress Hector Humphreys https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/d3101a4674e64b39796429af20a511dd.pdf f573fd9d249f66383778a61790c648f0 PDF Text Text - \. ) m~ ----- ~~~~ ~ AN ADDRESS I DEMVERED BEFORE THE 1l£Jetoriation of tgi i1umni I OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND, AT THE ANNUAL COMMENCEMENT, AUGUST 6TH., 1856. I I I ANNAPOLIS: ROBERT F. BONSALL, PRINTER, !".,$ !)~ ~~'! 1856. ' . ---4 �AN ADDRESS . DELIVERED BEFORE THE §tssatiatinn nf tut §llnmni OF JOH~ i S ST. COLLEGE, ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND. ANNAPOLIS: ROBERT F . BONSALL, PRINTER , 1856. I f. �CORRESPONDENCE. ANNAPOLIS, Jlugust 9th, 1856. For REv. DR. TREVETT, Professor, &c., &c. Rev. and dear Sir: It affords the Committee, of which I am the organ, much gratification to execute the "Resoltition" of the A lumni of St. John's College, by presenting you with their thanks, for your able and learned ADDRESS, delivered, at the late CoMMENCEMEN r , in the College Hall;- and by requesting of you, in their behalf, a copy thereof for publication . The Committee sincerely hope this gratification of theirs will be enhanced by your compliance with th is request ; and thus extend to their absent brethren, and to the p ublic generally, the pleasure and instruction its perusal w ill impart. With great respect, I am, Your obd't sen't, A. RANDALL, FOil N. BREWER, JR., J. G. CHAPMAN, and himself. NoRTH SALEM, Westchester Co., N . Y., Jlugust 13th, 1856. Dear Sir: I received your letter forwarded to this place. I am much obliged to my brethren of the ALUMNI for their favorable opinion of my Jlddressand to you , and the other members of the Committee, for your expression of the same- and w ill not set up my judgment against theirs, in regard to publication . I have given directions that the copy used at COMMENCEMENT should be placed in your hands ; ·and must conclude, by subscribing myself, Yours, with great respect , RUSSELL TREVETT• .. ' , �ADDRESS . LADIES AND GENTLEMEN : It is my privilege to address you this day in connection with the first commencement of this venerable College under its reorganized institution. I have had but little difficulty in selecting a theme suited to the occasion, for duty and inclina · tion unite in the choice of one, to which I would respectfully ask the attention of this . audience for a few moments. I appear before you as the incumbent of the chair of instruction in the ancient classical languages of Greece and Rome . For ages these have formed a very prominent part in every course of education professing to be liberal. The title, Professor of Humanity, or of the Humanities, indicates the high place of old assigned to this department; yet now it is frequently and emphatically denied that Latin and Greek should be made indispensable to the attainment of collegiate degrees. The utility of the study, it is often asserted, is by no means equal to the time, and labor, and expense required. 'fhere is an increasing disposition to make the classics an optional branch; and even where this is not done, they are crowded into so narrow a compass, to make room for other more popular ·studies, that it may be doubted whether the full benefits of classical training can be acquired. Other branches of learning and science are not refused their due claims, and the reason is very plain:-their advantages every one can, in some degree, appreciate. All understand how it may be a valuable acquisition to be able to speak or to read the French , or the German, or the Spanish. All interested in agriculture, or the arts or manufactures, can recognize in some _ measure, however small, the bearing of chemistry and natural philosophy upon their advancement. Mathematical science, as the basis • 'I �7 G of those great niechanical laws which have given birth to the railroad , the steamboat, the electric telegraph, and many more of the numberless conveniences and improvements of modern civilization, vindicates its own claims. The philosophy of mind , and the principles of political economy and · kindred sciences, are generally, perhaps universally, acknowledged to be proper subj ects for youthful study. But why spend so much time upon the lal)guages of nations long since dead and passed away? Why perplex the young student with th"e difficulties and niceties of authors who lived, the latest of them, well nigh two thousand years ago? Could not the many years devoted to the ancient classics be more profitably spent in pursuits of a more immediate and direct utility? Now we assert that the usefulness of the study of the Greek and Latin is to the full as great as that of any other whatsoever; and we know that in this assertion we will be borne out by the judgment of all competent to decide upon the question; and by competent we mean, not simply those who have in their own case found the benefits of the study, (though these are of course the most competent,) but all who will avail themselves of the only mode of arriving at the truth in questions of this kind-the process of induction from a sufficient array of facts, gathered from no one age or country, but from all ages and all countries. The utility, then, of classical ~tudy is as great, we repeat, as that of any other, but it is not so direct and tangible. It cannot be made so clear to the senses. The classical student can neither run a base line upon the ground, nor navigate a ship, nor be a more practical farmer or merchant, in consequence of his Greek and Latin. This is most freely admitted, and if it be an objection, it is one that we confess must stand. I mean no disrespect to any branch of science or learning, I allow the full claims of each, I appreciate the importance of each. But as no one is attacked, so no one needs defence, save the one I have the honor, most unworthily, to represent. And let me say, too, that in appearance I am vindicating the proper claims of one branch, but in reality I am asserting those of all . For in defending the classics, I am at the same time standing up for literary as contra-distinguished from scientific culture. The modern languages may be learnt without any knowledge of the ancient. This is very true. But tl).e modern languages will never be so well and so thoroughly understood as in connection with those from which they sprung. The philosophy of mind or morals can never b~ pursued to any extent without adverting to 1he great Grecian masters. To interpret and enter into the spirit of Plato and Aristotle, is still the aim of Sir William Hamilton and Benjamin Cousin, who stand confessedly at the head of the intellectual philosophers of ~ur day, and this is manifestly impossible without a lmowledge of Greek. The ancient classics then represent the whole literary side of liberal education. But, strange as it may seem, in showing the utility of these studies, I am doing a favor to the cause of science, both natural and mathematical. For, account for it as we may, it is absolutely ce1tain that such science never has flourished, and, therefore, we have good reason for saying it never will flourish, divorced from literary cultivation. The impulse given to the Grecian mind, in the first place, by letters, originated the earliest efforts in a scientific direction, and with the decay of Hellenic literature, Hellenic science degenerated also in an equal degree. Again, Roman literature preceded Roman scientific investigation, and with the decline of taste in art and poetry, the human mind lost its interest in scientific pursuits. The revival ofletters, three centuries since, stimulated activity in every department of thought-science soon felt the impulse, and investigations were entered upon, in a mode which the splendid results of our day prove to be the correct one. The secrets of nature have been unlocked and brought out with a rapidity beyond all precedent, and those who have penetrated the farthest into science, of whatever kind, have been those most deeply imbued with the literary spirit, and have turned with the most delight to classical pursuits. Lord Bacon, whose clear and lofty mind laid down the tru e principles on which alone science can be successfully cultivated, with a precision and a force unknown before, was deeply imbued with ancient erudition, and uses it with remarkable effect. Sir Isaac Newton turned from his deep searchings into the mysteries of nature, to investigate learned and recondite questions of chronology and history. 'I �9 8 His great rival, Leibnitz, and Sir John Herschell the chief of living English astronomers, exercise their mi~ds in the composition of Latin verse. Now the rationale of these and like ~acts is obvious. It is the trained mind only that takes pleasure m research, and the thoroughly trained mind is disciplined on ~oth ~ides, the literary and the scientific. Men inquire and mv:st1g.ate because they love to do so; because, by habit, ~heir rnmds have come to take the most· exquisite pleasure in it; because such occupation has become a second nature~ a: ~ecessi(y of their being. Truth and beauty have for them ~n m:xpressible charm. If made by their past habits fond of science, they are likewise made fond of literature by the same process. Let not then science forget her debt to literature, lest, peradventure, strong as she now seems, she may suffer loss. Her very nomenclature, in every department is almost exclusively Greek, reminding her how much she o~ved in the past and how much she still needs the help of the noblest tongue ever spoken by mortals. There is a mutual necessity between them: literature cannot ~o anything without science; science can do nothing without literature ; and in education both are necessmy to the full development of the mental powers. That will be a one-sided educati?n whicl~ is, exclusively, either scientific or literary . What IS educat10n? Is it the passive reception of facts in nature or in history? Is it the loading of the memory with the occurrences of the past, or with isolated and unclassified phenomena of nature? Is it merely the learning of what others have done, or is it, as the very word education itself imports, a leading out of the mind-an evolution of what is contained therein-a strengthening of the intellectual faculties? If it be the latter, as we presume all will allow then mere difficult! is no argument against the usefulness o~ a study in developmg and ~trengthening the mind, provided the difficulty be of a. s~rt which the youthful intellect can grapple with. Now. this rs the case most eminently with the study of the classical tongues. They present difficulties to be overcome precisely such as the young can master by applicatfon and eff~rt. The general structure of modem languages is alike in their most marked characteristics. In acquiring a new one / the memory is taxed to retain unfamiliar words or idioms, bui this iR all. There is hardly a call for the exercise of any other faculty; no new principles of languag·e are presented. There is no very- essential difference in the mode of expressing thought among modern nations, for they are all very nearly upon the same level in point of civilization and religion. But in Greek and Latin the whole phenomena of language vary extremely from what the youth has been accvstomed to. The simple fact that they express modifications of an idea by terminations, and not as we do, by the position of words or by. auxiliary particles, teaches many important lessons as to lan· guage and as to thought itself. The object of education is to invigorate the mind, by training it to habits of attention and discrimination. The one thing in which Sir Isaac Newton said that h e excelled all other men was, the power of patient attention-the faculty of concentrating his mental energy upon the one thing before him, to the exclusion of extraneous matter. Now every Greek or Latin sentence is a lesson in this habit of attention. The words do not flow in that logical order to which the vernacular accustoms a student. He must carefully pick out and group those which belong together. He must accurately observe the terminations, or other signs, which fix the precise meaning. He thus learns to apply himself and to distinguish things which differ. In poring over the text of a classical author, he is acquiring power which he may afterwards apply in any direction he pleases; and though h e may never be able to peruse a classical author with ease and pleasure; nay, though he may forget the words as if he had never learnt them, and the page of Virgil or of Homer become to him as a sealed book, still the power of attention and discriminat10n which he has attained is not lost, and he has gained much to his own consciousness, and still more of which he is not conscious · ' and the sentiments impressed upon the mind , through the medium of the ancient tongue, will, from the very difficulty with which they were spelled out and deciphered, be far more lasting than they can be where the pages are devoured with the rail-way speed with which we peruse productions in our own English; and this is no small advantage , where the 2 J t �JO . facili~ies of the modern press are temptations to every reader to skim over volumes without thinking upon a page. Even the careless and unstudious pmst carry off more ideas conveyed through the slow process of reading Latin and Greek than in any other way. · All the modern languages, even including the difficult German, could be learned in a less space of time than the classic . tongues, and to a much better end, for we learn to use the former for practical purposes in actual conversation, whereas, the mo~t that is expected in the latter is, that they should be read without extraordinary difficulty. So says the objector; b~t the argument banishes into thin air if the training of the nnnd be sought, and not the mere filling of the memory with words and phrases. Difficulty, as we have seen is no valid . ' reason agamst the study, nor will length of time be one either; fo~· that must necessarily be a slow process which enables the rnmd t~ thi~1k for itself, to look directly and solely at thf! object before it, without being harassed or distracted. Education is a slow process, and if it be otherwise, the mind will have a hoth~use growth, and not a true and healthy development. To stmrnl~te the operations of nature is a dangerous thing. That tre~ will last the longest, and be most strong and vigorous, wh_1c~1 h~s been allowed its full time of mature development; so 1s it with the human mind. There is no royal road to true ~mowledge; there is no short-cut or bye-path, by which the mtellect of a child can suddenly pass into the intellect of a ma~'. there is nothing ultimately gained by attempting to anticipate what can only be the results of riper years. If too many stndies are crowded into the few years of youth, the consequence mu~t be_ that none of them will be properly learned. Educat10n is no longer a discipline in attention. The mul_tipli~ity of subjects tends to confusion, and the power of attent10n, mstead of being invigorated, is weakened, and the whole end and aim of all training are entirely lost. The student who would be really well disciplined, must be bold enoug~ to remain in ignorance of a great many branches of l~nowledge; some of them very popular withal. The expenence of ages teaches the truth of the proverb "multum non . ' · 'f!lU l ta, " much, not many thmgs. 11 The classification of knowledge is into two kinds, one of things permanent, and the second of things flowing or progressive. 'l'he grand principles of mathematical or logical science, for instance, are fixed; they admit neither of increase nor of diminution. The sole improvement of which they are susceptible, is the mode and order in which they shall be presented to the mind. This mode may become clearer and clearer, and therefore better and better adapted to the purposes ())f education, but the principles themselves are the same in all time. Legendre may improve upon Euclid in the method of his geometry, but Euclid had the same geometrical tnuhs, two thousand years ago, as the French author of our own generation. The second class of sciences, that of things :flowing, is constantly undergoing change and modification. Geology, chemistry and mineralogy, for instance, rest upon experiment. They are all in their infancy, and are altered and changed, and modified constantly, as new phenomena add to the facts from which their principles are to be deduced. 'fhey do not remain the same for ten years together, but change in their theory and their nomenclature as fast as the geography of our new States. Now both these sorts of knowledge are parts of education, but those subjects which are fixed and permanent are meant chiefly to educe and invigorate the powers of the mind, while those changing from day to day are intended principally to add to our stock of facts. We say chiefly, for the fixed branches of knowledge do add to the number of facts, and the changing ones do invigorate the mental faculties; but the main encl of each is as we have stated before. Now the classics belong to the first divisionto those which are fixed. Time can do nothino- more than 0 improve the mode in which the advantages of classical culture can be attained. No discovery of ancient manuscripts can very much modify our knowledge of antiquity. How it shall be most aptly interwoven with our modern life, is the constant aim. How we shall comprehend it the better, is the sole end of the scholar's desires. Modern tongues, on the contrary, are in a course of continual flux and change. The Prench of this present time is very different from the cla~sic French of the age of Louis XIV, as even a foreigner can perceive. 'I �12 Our own English changes from day to day, as the most superficial observer can scarcely fail to notice; but the ancient tongues have ceased to be used, and can receive no addition; hence they can be handled, and examined, and commented upon, in a way quite out of the question in a modern language; for it would be hard in the latter to distinguish between the present living use, and the past practice of its writers. The finished scholar, it is true, could do so, but the young student could not. If there be then any special value for intellectual discipline in the learning of a language, that ad vantage will be found in the highest degree in the study of the ancient classic tongues. By universal acknowledgment Greek is the most perfect of utterances ever used by man, so nearly faultless as to be the model of language; shades of thought, jg no other expressed, are brought out in it, with the utmost force and clearness. Its power of compounding new words to meet every new emergency is so great, that every science still derives from it most, if not all, of its technical terms; and so wonderful is its pliancy, that the same language which expressed the feelings and thoughts of the earliest of all poets, three thousand years ago, is essentially the same in which the subje\:ts of King Otho, at this very moment, are expressing themselves on every subject of interest, whether it be in philosophy, or in commerce, or in the arts. It has been said, and said with truth, that in no other language could mental science have been formed save in the Greek, for in no other could the phenomena of mind have been presented so as to be at once proposed and explained in the very statement. A Plato, or an Aristotle, is inconceivable, without that precision of expression which is to be found only in the wonderful speech of their country. Language is a creation-a clothing of a new world of thought with its own proper covering. Like every creation, it is a mystery. We must assume its existence, because with our mental constitution we cannot conceive of a state of things without it. We cannot go behind it and try to imagine ourselves deprived of its life-giving presence, any more than we can go behind any other creation or mystery. It is so because it is so_:__because its divine Author so willed. Men could not 12 have originated it for themselves, but must have received it as a gift direct from the Father of Lights.. It is a world of itself, and needs no other world to give it life, and beauty, and form. Like all divine gifts, it is purest the more nearly we reach its source. It is heaven -descended, and speaks most strongly in its primitive form of its origin. Of this the Greek bears a more lively impress than any later tongue. There is no lan,,.ua<Te it has been said, in which the atheist or the confounder E> 0 ' of moral right and wrong can speak five minutes without being betrayed into a contradiction. So strongly has God impressed upon the organ of ·speech the eternal truths and principles on which rest all the hopes of man, all the order of society, all which elevates our life above that of brutes that perish and are gone forever. Now these noble characteristics are found in the rudest and most uncouth dialects spoken by barbarians, such as our North American Indians. How much more are they in the Greek, the noblest and most perfect of all languages? Its very diction gave its writers an advantage which no modern skill or genius, from the comparative imperfection of its instruments, can entirely counterbalance. There is no thinking apart from language, at least we cannot conceive of such. The study of language is the study of the human mind; but to study language it is manifestly best to take the most peifect, , and this, we repeat, is the Greek. All words are·full of poetry and history, and to the investigator present charms of a peculiar character. Dr. Johnson, in one of his fits of gloomy melancholy, defined a lexicographer to be a harmless drudge; but Passow could speak of his labor in com piling a Greek dictionary as a revelling in an ocean of pleasure, and look down, as from an elevation, upon all other pursuits as less ennobling and less hippy. Now Passow is nearer the truth than Johnson, for in tracing the origin of word,,, and the logical order of their signification, there is a vast deal of instruction which repays, in abundant measure, the excessive labor of compilation. The facts and phenomena of natural science, or of astronomy, are very astonishing, and calculated to make the most salutary impressions upon the contemplative mind; but the facts of language are as wonderful, if attention were only directed to them . The history of a word, says Coleridge, is the history of 'I �15 14 a campaign. To take ouly one ,example, and that not the most striking, but the most convenient· Sir ·walter Scott in . ' ' his Ivanhoe, shews how those homely words beef and ox, mutton and sheep, veal and calf, pork and hog, contain the very pith and essence of all English history-the subjugation Qf one race of men by another, and the terrible oppressions which followed. Whilst in the field, animals are known by the terms of the Anglo Saxon vocab ulary of the serf; when transferred to the table, they are translated into the higher and more refined dialect of the master. Here, in a familiar example, may be seen how much instrnction can be found in the history of words. But the origin of very many that we use is to be traced, either directly or indirectly, to the languages of Greece and Rome; and this origin we can thoroughly understa11d only from a knowledge of those tong ues themselves. An etymological vocabulary can not at all answer the purpose, though such a paradox we have seen more than once asserted. Our holy religion rests not upon words. The humble christian, who ' can barely spell out the words of his translated Bible, has all that is needful for his salvation in the next world or his happiness in this, and yet the educated man will feel impelled to more than this. What a proof of the power of christianity, that it could take such a word as humility, with its degraded meaning, and elevate it to the dignity of a heaven-born grace, or could transfer such a word as talents . ' from its common physical sense, to its present moral use and signification. The i,psissima verba of inspiration have a power which no translation can approach, not even that matchless one which is our birthright. The Bible, and the Bible alone of all books that were ever written, is susceptible of translatioh without essential injury to its spirit. Thus it proves its heavenbom origin, and shows that it is meant for every tribe, and tong ue, and nation, of the whole earth. But the theologian who contents himself with the use of any mere version, is unworthy his high calling and can never be other than a superficial sciolist. Nothing save this knowledge can keep him above a blind and servile dependence upon commentators and give him the power of using their interpret~tions judi~ ciously and with profit. All looking forward to the ministry should recognize the advantage, if not the indispensable necessity, of an acquaintance with the Greek, in which the New 'l'estament was written, and the Latin, which is still preeminently the language of theology. And in its degree this is true of medicine and of law. Hippocrates is the father of medical science, and we are told by those who un derstand that subject best, that his descriptions of tJ;ie progress and cure of disease are most graphic and most true, and that the accumulated discoveries of many generations have not destroyed his scientific value; and it is Galen, a Latin writer, who stands second, and only second, to the great father of the healing art. The body of law, too, rests upon a Roman and a Greek foun- ? elation. In the common law of England and the United States, it has deflected in a different direction from the continental or civil law of modem Europe; yet both alike, the civil and the common law, find their origin in th e institutions, usages and laws of Rome, republican or unpenal. I t was the study of this code which gave the wide and capacious grasp of principles which so eminently distinguishes the decisions of Lord Mansfield. The same study made the writings of our own Kent and Story to be of authority in W estrninster Hall, as well as in the Capitol. The Emperor Justinian compiled the civil code in Greek, and the bulk of civil law is in a Latin dress. But, let it be most freely granted that no science and no profession is absolutely dependen t upon the L atin or the Greek. Let it be confessed that the modem tongues contain an abundance of writings in theology, in medicine, and in law, more perspicuous, more full, and more thorough, than the ancient. A man can do his duty in a parish, can be successful in the treatment of disease, can be a fair practising lawyer, without the ability to read any save his mother tongue. It is equally true that he can know nothing of the history of either profession without classical aid. It is said that many curious secrets are locked up in the works of the ancients which the moderns have not rediscovered. These secrets can only be brought to light by those who unite a competent knowledge of science to a knowledge of the ancient tongues. The progress of the human mind has always been built on 'I �I 17 16 what has gone before. We cannot be independent of the tongue, or of the history, of the Cresars and the Scipios, or of Pericles and Alexander. The Latin, in particular, still exercises an imperial power. It is the fashion to call it a dead language, and so far as the United States is concerned it is so, but in Europe it is even now the living organ of communication between the learned of different countries, and, in a very good degree, between the professor and the pupil in the lecture room. The Greek language is, in itself, incomparably the more valuable of the two, but the Latin tongue bridges over the intercourse between the ancient and the modern world . ..L.,~ :, ;, 1\.w Its own literature is borrowed almost entirely from the vt.l.,, l.i,"" , Greek, and is the means through which the Greek has been carried on to modern times. It was the only tongue in which, for more than a tho"1sand years, any work of learning or of thought was written in western Europe. Greek words have entered our own vernacular English, as they were altered and modified in their Roman channel. Modern literature sprang up in imitation of Horace, and Virgil, and Cicero, ·rather than of Homer, and JEschylus, and Plato. Hence the Latin is more practically valuable, and is properly studied, to some extent, by those who have no time for its great halfparent and rival. But Greek represents a wider, a h1gher ' and more original vein of thought. From Homer to the taking of Constantinople, only four hundred years ago, Greek was written in such comparative purity, that it is easier to read both extremes than for us now to read Chaucer and Gower. That is, it flourished for twentyfive hundred years, or twice the period of the Latin, even including the barbarous jargon of the middle ages, and four times the duration of the Italian, the oldest of morlem tongues. From the Euphrates to the western extremity of Austria it was the current language spoken, and understood more generally than French is now on the European continent. In Italy, nay even in Rome and Marseilles, it was the language of fashion and refinement, so much so, that the Roman ladies, according to the satirist, could no mo1·e converse in their own tongue, than the denizens of the northern courts, in the last : I \ generation, could use the vulgar dialects o_f those around them. Time has destroyed much more than it has_ spared, but a range of thought and feeling, unequalled anywhere else, opens upon us in the' Greek authors yet left. History, philosophy; oratory and poetiy have each their writers, many of whom have never been - equalled- most of them never surpassed. We will be most unlike our fathers if we tie our thoughts to the eighty years of our national existence, though they be equal to any five hundred on the page of history. Nor could we, if we would, confine ourself even to the boundless continent on which Providence has cast our lot. There is no divorce of the past from the present without exceeding injury. The French Revolution, in mad folly, tried to cut loose from all preceding ages, and look at the result in its never ending, still beginning, turmoil and anarchy, and confusion, which post~ pone, from generation to generation, the faint hopes of a rational and well established freedom. Our own Revolution was in nothing more pointedly distinguished from the abortive attempts of other n ations, than in the tenacity with which it held on to the past, innovating only slightly, and where the most imperious necessity required. The whole body of the common law and of the English institutions of our forefathers, was retained, except that which gave a prerogative to king and parliament. And, especially; our inherited system of education was retained. Our colleges continued to be modelled on the time honored universities and public schools of the mother countly. The course of training which the experience of centuries had proved to be the best adapted to the development of the Anglo Saxon, was still that by which American youth were to be fitted to their high function of citizen sovereigns. The great men of our heroic era had none of that silly pride, which finds neither wisdom nor honesty in the past. Classic antiquity still continued t~ be the store-house, wherein are laid up treasures of inestimable value, such as the youthful student can find no where else. So far from those noble remains being diminished in their importance, they are really worth more in a republic than under a monarchy. The history of Greece and Rome, is the history of republics 3 'I �18 ·free and independent. Those examples of high-toned virtue and undaunted, tireless energy, which are the common places of the world, were most of them examples of republican virtue. ,They were the deeds of men who owned no master upon the earth save their country. The narrative of the rise of Grecian freedom, of its defence against the countless hosts of barbarian aggressi011, of its palmy day in that wonderful fifth century before Christ, when one long lifetime could hav_ seen the e first great models of every form of literature, of science, and of art; the story of its corruption, through empire and long continued prosperity, till liberty became a prey to dernagoguism and unhallowed ambition;-all this is especially and most preeminently a lesson fraught with instruction to us Americans of these United States, by the grace of God, free and independent. And so of Roman history. Its teaching· is for us more truly than for any trans-atlantic people. If we understand well the causes which led to the fall of those ancient institutions, which so long and so successfully guarded freedom in her early day, if we know why they degenerated into military tyrannies, we are armed, as by nothing else we can be, against the dangers which may threaten our <;hoicest gifts. And we will have the more power to assist in handing down to posterity our present blessings. But to know this history so as to apply its lessons aright, is to be imbued with its spirit. It is not simply to read it in modern compilations and abridgments, for at best these can only give the skeleton, devoid of life and beauty. The spirit is to be sought, and found, and appreciated, in the classic writers themselves. The study of a few of the original narratives gives more penetrating and more real insight into the truth, than the perusal of a hundred volumes of modern compendiums. So much circles around single words and phrases, that what some ignorantly and disparagingly call the mere study of words, proves to be the study of deep and abiding principles. It is not simply the amount of facts directly conveyed upon the page of Cresar, or of Xenophon, that constitutes the chief value of their study. The most ordina1y terms have an importance irrespective of the author in whom they are found . They 19 'th bring us into contact w1 a peop le of anotlrnr race, another time another religion , and another language. 1/ the mind is enlarged by travel, if narrow prejudices are worn off by intercourse with intelligent and enlightened foreigners, how much more will they be exchanged for enlarged and lib~·al views by contact with powerful minds of ages long gone by , who stood at the head and beginn_i1 of that ig stream which has safely brought to us all our blessmgs. The human mind is the same under every variety of circu mstance and situ.ation. So closely interlinked is ancient and modern life that in studying the one we arc truly studying the oth er. The greatest master of modern warfare, no less a person than the Emperor Napoleon, asserted, that the campaigns of Alexander the Great, of H annibal and of CCEsar, were the most worthy of the attention of a student of military science, thougl{ all three flourished before the invention of gun-powder, and in point of political experience, we, of this nineteenth centmy , are no more than upon a level with the Statesmen of the age of Alexander. It is a common, but- for all that a very great mistake, to suppose, that mere lapse of time must necessarily confer political knowledge. Four thousand years have taught th e Asiatic absolutely nothing. Precisely the same oppressive and unjust systems now control the inhabitants of that fair continent, as in the earliest dawn of history. No defects have been removed, or in any perceptible degree ameliorated. E ven now, in Europe and America united, it would be h ard to collect as m uch as we are sure was contained in that lost treatise of Aristotle, wh erein one hundred and fifty-three of the most diverse republics of antiquity were compared. In them, no doubt, every variety of race, of national position, and of government, was presented. Mere extent of surface does not constitute ~listory . Russia and China occupy a large physical spuce, but intellectually and morally they are of little account; while within the limits of Greece, hardly equal to this good State of Maryland, deeds were done in every sphere of h uman exertion , which bear most closely upon the improvement of mankind in every age. We Americans, to day, h ave a deeper interest in Marathon and Salamis than in any events since, save in those of which 't �21 20 our own rontinent was the theatre. Could it be conceived possible, that if the Persian invasion under Xerxes had proved successful, there would have been no history for us. A :flood of barbarism would have swept over the world. The Whole destiny of man would have been essentially different, had those events not taken place. The Athenian warrior fought not only for himself, and for his city and for Greece, but for all the world. An Alfred or a Washington could not have been , had not a Miltiades and a Themistocles preceded. That history is most falsely styled ancient; it is m?dern in its interest, undying and ever fresh in its effects. And it is told with a charm to be found in no other. Herodotus has never been equalled in the power of telling a story with simplicity and effect. Fox said it was harder to be an historian than to be an orator or a poet. And the multitudinous events of later times, can never be pictured with that unity of interest which characterizes the ancient writers. But translations it is said will answer all ends. Translation is a hard matter, even from a modern tongue, as the fact, that of great authors, we find almost invariably more than one version, each of them acknowledged to be imperfect. Even the French classics, nearly as that ' tongue is allied to our own in spirit and in form, cannot be rendered so . that the reader of the orig·inal will not miss many beauties. It is an axiom that translation is an attempt to represent in a second tongue what already exists in the first. If literal, it becomes stiff and awkward and without spirit; if free, ideas will be foisted in; not conceived of by the original author. It starts with the assumption that much will inevitably be lost. Poetry depends especially on the beauty of form, and cannot be conveyed in any garb save its own. Dante and Goethe have been repeatedly translated, yet not so as to convey any idea of their characteiistic excellencies. What is true of modern poets is superabundantly true of the ancient. Homer has been rendered a thousand times, and yet is without a translator, and will be so to the end of time; nameless beauties on every page elude all who do not read the original. Pope's translation, as it is by courtesy styled, is an exquisite poem; but it is not, in any sense of the word, Homer. It is an English production of the eighteenth century, but is no representative of the Greek bard who sang three thousand years ago. Poetry, in no tongue, can be transferred to another, and least of all from the most peifect and most ancient, into our modern dialects. A single word or epithet paints a picture, which no skill can transfer from the original canvass. Even the careless student often sees and feels this, though it be hard to give the reason to another. But have we not enough, and more than enough, in our own language? Why go to foreign ones? No one can surpass me in the heartfelt appreciation of our noble English literature. I have enjoyed those magnificent conceptions of Milton, which, in his own expressive words, are a "seven-fold chorus of hannonies." I have lingered upon the glorious page of Hooker, and admired the wonde1fol depth and vigorous sense of Bacon. I have felt the enchantment of Addison and Irving. And I know that no other literature, ancient or modern, can boast of its myriad-minded Shakspeare. But he can appreciate these excellencies best, who has compared them with the great masters from whom all literature has sprung. No one stands so near to Shakspeare and Milton as Homer, and Homer has qualities peculiarly his own, to which even these do not approach. I know it will be said, that some of the most accomplished masters of our native speech have known no Latin. Shakspeare and Burns will be cited among the highest names of literature, and Dr. Franklin and Gen. Washington will occur to us Americans as wielding a most clear, and vigorous, and idiomatic English, with little or no classical learning. Now, not to insist on what however is most true, that genius is the exception and not the rule, or, as it is sometim es expressed, that genius is bound by no rules, not to say that we are upholding that mode of education which experience shows is the best for the mass of every day minds, we deny, as to Shakspeare, that he was as destitute of classical culture as has been carelessly stated. "The small Latin and less Greek," of which his friend Ben Jonson speaks, may have been no Greek at all, though it is not probable; but it contained, at least, enough Latin to consult out-of-the-way sources of information for the material of his plays. Burns, the poet, had no Latin himself, but 'I • �23 22 he had what was next door to it. He studied and imitated those English writers who had formed themselves on classic models, and that with a care which not one student in a million could practise, unless from classic , training. The same may be said of Dr. Franklin, and with the addition that, quite late in life, he acquired the Latin, (of which his translation of Cicero's De Senectute is an evirlence,) and in founding the University of P ennsylvania recommended ancient studies in the most emphatic terms. And the presumption is, that Washington moulded his wonderfully idiomatic style by the careful imitation of the best English writers, themselves formed on ancient models. At any rate, Washington and Franklin aJ'e almost excep· tions among the heroes of our Revolution. The earl of Chatham was so struck by the political papers set fo rth by the authority of our first Continental Congress, that he pronounced it the equal of any body of whom he had ever heard or read . Now the largest portion of them were classically educated, and at a time when that much abused term meant something more than at present. Some of the most conspicuous,were eminent for their attainments in ancient literature, as, for example, President Jefferson. And is there no loss in our present lack of such training among our public men?' The acerbity of political controversy, has often been softened on the floor of the B ritish Parliament by a happy classical allusion. P resent differen ces are forgotten, and the minds of all are carried back to schoolboy days, to Eton or Harrow, or Rugby or Winchester. It is well that there should be some common ground, amid the diversity of pursuits and wide difference of opinion. The love of the classics is this common ground on which all can meet and be united. F ox, and Burke and Canning, besides the more recent instances of Sir R obert P eel and Gladstone, recurred to the classics as their chief solace and relaxation from the harrassing labor of public life . The late Marquis of W ellesby closed a long career, filled up with responsible toil, in the writing of Latin verse, and chose E ton, the home of his youth, as his burying place . Pitt came from the university at the early age of twenty -three, with no other than a classical training , so much decried among us, and became the prime minister of England and h one of th .· d ' up eld the helm of state through W e pe~10 s of greatest agitation to his countr/ e can pomt to no such pro :f: f l . education amonO' ourselv 1 ~ s o trn value of this sott of dom or never so°'far purst::d' so et y bakecause _the classics are selW . as o m e thell' stud 1 e teach our students t. Ya P easure. books, but give them ' _m~s impeifect~y' to read particular the languages thern lsca1ce y a superficial acquaintance with se ves · our young . t • rapidly that th 1 ' . men are tmrned on so ' · ey mow next to tl · country they are ..· d no 1mg of the beauties of the came over Nothing (I , painful experience ) nothin . b ' . can speak from just as students ar~ on the ge~:n e n10~·e _di~hearte~ing, than to have them taken off a d th . of! apprecrntmg theJr studies, ' n ell' t 10ughts turn d · t ch annel · the fruits f 1 b e m o another ' o a or on the part of b0 th ·1 teacher are thus lost H . .t . . pup1 and thoroughness and eIBci eie J where reform is needed, in the or seventy years ago tehncy o_ our means of education. Fifty ' e um versal curric 1 f tory and und . . d u um o a preparaand this was e~-~~-i~~a~f c;urs~~as from ei~ht to nine years, did not reach it were throw~n:a I e p~parat10n. 'l'hose who the branches of studies w r. an delayed' and then too course is seven and in ere on y some two or three' now the B ' . many cases five, or even fo . . ut so much wiser is th .· . . m yeaJS. time, more than doubl the nsmg generat10n, that in half the mastered It e . e number of studies is expected to be . seems as if the object of . . to give a surface training d h om piesent system was ,. an ence of cou . h other than mere smface me . ' rne, we ave no plined to think at all b n, - men_that_have not been disci' ecause then mmds ha b d' tracted by a parrot-lik .. ·ve een isThoroughness is the on~ repet1t10n of t~ere outside formulre. ness should be the end y dwa! to create mterest, and thoroughan ann of all eng d · h education. age m t e work of /8 t I have most imperfectly presented a few I . t and extensive subiect cl 't 1 < • 1111 s on a wide J ' an I on y remams for me to thank you for your kind and patient attention. I I � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Programs and Addresses Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource Addresses given at commencement and programs of events related to, and including, the annual commencement ceremonies at St. John's College. Includes both the undergraduate and Graduate Institute commencements. The College Archives holds programs and/or addresses for the following years: <ul> <li>1796</li> <li>1835-1836</li> <li>1842</li> <li>1852</li> <li>1856-1857</li> <li>1870</li> <li>1878</li> <li>1880</li> <li>1890</li> <li>1893</li> <li>1895</li> <li>1897</li> <li>1907</li> <li>1910-1918</li> <li>1920-1924</li> <li>1928-1929</li> <li>1932</li> <li>1936-1937</li> <li>1939-1945</li> <li>1947-present </li> </ul> Click on <a title="Commencement Programs and Addresses" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=18&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CDate&sort_dir=d">Items in the Commencement Programs and Addresses Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context commencementprograms Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 13 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Address, 1856 Description An account of the resource An address delivered before the Association of the Alumni of St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland, at the annual commencement, August 6th., 1856. By the Rev. Russell Trevett, D.D. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Trevett, D.D., Rev. Russell Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Robert F. Bonsall, Printer Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856-08-06 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Commencement Address-Rev. Russell Trevitt, A.A. 1856-08-06 Relation A related resource <a title="Memoirs of Deceased Alumni" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/show/3620">Memoirs of Deceased Alumni</a> Commencement https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/3fcdcd4d51bf24fb4b98e2e3ac7e7d4f.pdf 741a7d5205c8d4cca9e7675e05d4ad3e PDF Text Text �·1 MEMOIRS OF DElCEl.A.SElD .A.LUl\ILN"::C OF READ, BY APPOINTMENT OF 'l'HE ASSOCIATION, AUGUST 6r11, 1856, BY JOHN G. PROUD, JR., A. M . ANNAPOLIS: ROBERT F. BONSALL, PRlNTER, 1856. I I �MEMOIRS OF DECEASED ALUMNI. NECROLOGY. TOBIAS WATKINS, M. D. THOMAS BEALE DORSEY, SAMUEL RIDOUT, M. D. OuR earlier Alumni are fast passing away. Year by year they depart., and soon the place that once knew them shall know them no more forever. Nor are 'our younger brethren exempt from the universal law. Their ranks also, from time to time, are being relatively thinned by the same impartial summons. The record of the past year furnishes an illustration of this equal lot. Of the former class, death hath stricken from our catalogue two names, in those of DR. ToBIAS WATKINS and JuDGE THOMAS BEALE DoRSEY; and of the latter, · one, in that of DR. SAMUEL RmouT. I ask your attention to brief notices of each of them in turn: DR. TOBIAS wATKINS.$ DR. ToBIAS WATKINS died at his residence in the city of Washington, on the 14th day of November, 1855. His life was an eventful one, and presents many points of peculiar interest. DR. WATKINS came of an old and respectable Maryland family: whose branches extend throughout the State. He was born in Anne Arundel county, December 12th, 1780; the only child of Thomas Watkins, and was yet a boy when his father died. Entered at an early age at St. John's college, he completed his education within its walls, 1).nd graduatecl with the class of " '.Phe present memoir is an expansion of a briefer one, prepared by the writer, and published during the past winter in the National Intelligencer and other papers . I ( . �MEMOIRS OF DECEASED ALUMNI 4 1798. His professional studies were pursued under the direction of Dr. Daniel, of Maryland, and he took his diploma from the Medical College at Philadelphia in the spring of 1802. In the month of May of the same year he married the eldest daughter of George Simpson, Esq., of Philadelphia, cashier of the Bank of the United States; and shortly after commenced practice at Havre de Grace, Maryland. In a few years, however, he removed to Baltimore, and received t~e appointment of physician to the Marine Hospital. He was m active service during the war with England, having been, in May 1813, appointed surgeon in the 38th regiment of infantry, commanded by Col. Peter Little. His connexion with the army continued after its reduction in 1815, and, in April 1818, he was promoted to the post of Assistant Surgeon General, which he held until June 1821, when, on a further reduction of the army, he was disbanded. He was not present at the attack on Baltimore, having been sometime before ordered to Norfolk, to devise measures for arresting a malignant disease, which was raging with terrible violence among the troops at that post. In a short time after taking charge of the hospitals there, he had the satisfaction to find, that the means which he adopted were effectual, materially to lessen, if they did not wholly arrest, the mortality. While there he became a special favorite with the Officer in Command, General Moses Porter, whom a distinguished naval commander of the enemy characterized as "every inch a soldier " and who admitted him to the most confidential ) relations. The extent of this confidence was evinced in a mission of peculiar delica~y which was entrusted to him. A party of militia, through ignorance or mistake, fired upon what proved to be a flag of truce, and the circumstance was reported to the comrn111-nder as a gallant repulse of -the enemy. Suspecting, but not certain as to its real charar.ter, and annoyed as everv soldier must be at such an occurrence, he . ' immediately detennined to send a flag to the enemy to ascertain whether his suspicions were correct, and if so, to make a suitable apology for the blunder. DR. WATKINS was selected for this difficult office, with full discretion to act, and embarked in a tender of the Frigate Constellfltion, then lying ' . OF ST. JOHN 'S COLLEGE. 5 in the harbor, for that purpose. His reception left him in little doubt as to the true state of the case) being in his turn fired upon as soon as he came within range of the enemy's guns. He immediately let go his anchor, and lay to all night under the guns of the huge 74. By the bold confidence thus evinced, and by his adroit management in the mornino- he at b) length succeeded in getting on board of the British commander's ship,-where, after a satisfactory explanation of the affair, he was treated with special courtesy and hospitality. In 1821, upon his separation from the armv ' he was . appointed by President Munroe, Secretary to the Board of Commissioners under the Florida Treaty, and removed to the city of Washington to enter upon its duties, for the performance of which he was eminently qualifiecl. That he faithfully and satisfactorily discharged them was evinced by his receiving, upon their termination, in the year 1824, from the same chief magistrate, a still more sig'nal mark of his confidence in his appointment to the important post of Fourth Auditor of the Treasury-an office which he held, in the enjoyment of the most confidential relations with the Pre8ident, during the entire administration of Mr. Adams, and from which he was removed, with the change of administration, in March 1829. Of the circumstances attending that event, it is not within the design of the present notice to speak. It was the happy fortune •of DR. WATKINS to outlive the political animosities of that day, and the aspersions to which they had give• birth. His life, previous and subsequent to that period, has fully viBdicated that high and instinctive sense of honor which was one of th e leading traits of his character. He subsequently opened a school in Georgetown, which he taught for a short time, and then commenced the apothecaiy business in 'Washington, which be continued, in connection with the practice of his profession, till 1842. About the year 1845, when the Public School system was established in that city, he was elected the Principal of one oft he District Schools, which situation he held till 1850, when he received a place in the Census office,-which he retained till the force in that office was reduyed, soon after the beginning of the present administration. Since then; up to the period of his last illness, �OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, 6 MEMOIRS OF DECEASED ALUMNI he was constantly employed in literary labor upon various works of taste or public utility. Of his literary labors we come now to speak. These were commenced at an early age, and continued through life, either as a stated occupation or as a relaxation from other and more arduous duties. Few men of his day encountered more severe or prolonged mental toil; few held a more prolific pen, or one employed upon a greater variety of subjects. As early as 1809 he edited a professional journal, called " The Baltimore Medical o/ Physical Recorder," to which he contributed largely. In the year 1816, in conjunction with his brotherin-law, the late Stephen Simpson, of Philadelphia, he commenced the publication at Baltimore of a monthly journal, in octavo form, under the title of " The Portico, a Repository of Science o/ Literature,"-which was cond~cted with such ability as to procure for it a reputation equal to that of any similar periodical of the day. About the same time he assisted in forming a literary society called " The Delphian Club," of which he became the President; the late Dr. John Didier Readel, whose life -he has sketched in an elegant memoir, being the Secretary. "Its number was limited to nine, to correspond with that of the Muses, and the character of its members was no less various,embracing law, physic and divinity; music, poetry and painting; history, philosophy, and criticism." Most of its original memb~rs have since acquired fame in some department of literature or science."' At its weekly meetings stated essays or other voluntary contributions in prose or poetry were read, many of which were afterwards published in " The Portico;'' and the flow of wit and genial humor, it is said, would have done no discredit to the coteries of Curran or Garrick. It was "Among those members, were, GEN'L WM. H. WrnDER, DR. McCcLLOH . I ' PAUL ALLEN, the editor of the Jlforni11g Chronicle, WM. GwYNN, the well known editor of the Baltimore Gazette,-a man ,of great benevolence and i,,nfinite humour,-at whose house in Bank L ane, known as " The Tripod," the club were wont to meet-the REV'n JoHN PIERPOINT, author of Jlirs of Palestine, and other poems- and Jo1rn NEALE, the Editor, Orator, Poet, and Novelist, the man of versatile 1genius and voluminous authorship. Of these, only the last two survive, one resident in Maine and the other in Massachusetts. in congenial association like this, that our friend fostered and cultivated. that ta~te for literature which distinguished him through life, and imparted such peculiar grace and charm to his conversation. In the year 1821, he deiivered at the Baltimore College a course of l~ctures on modern literature, illustrating in the comp~ehensive range of its subjects, including belles-lettres, rhetonc and eloquence, the varied extent of his reading. His melodious elocution. and grace of manner made his delivery uncommonly attractive, and he was noted as one of the most elegant and accomplished readers of his day. Of the addresses which upo~1 various occasions he was called upon to make, I have a .pnnted .copy of an Anniversary discourse before the .Columbian Institiite of Washington, in January 1826; which i~ .charac~erized by his accustomed elegance of style and fertility of illustration. This society, of which he was one of the founders, wa.s upon the plan, and may be considered as the parent, of the present National Institute, of which he was also a member. While con~ected with the public schools at Washington, he read a senes of lectures on Education, which were well attend~d, and -highly appreciated. At a later period, while Supermtendent of a Sunday School, he delivered a similar course, before teachers, on Sunday School instruction. Both ~f these c.o~tained valuable practical suggestions for giving 0 reater .efficienc~ to the important work of the teacl~er, in developmg and nnproving the mental and moral faculties of the !oun~; a s~bject in which he always manifested a deep an~ mtell1gent mterest. In the latter capacity he also read a senes of essays, in the form of a Commentary upon the Lord's P:ayer, which evinced, not only an intimate acquaintance wit~ the sa.cred writings, but an extent and variety of theological readmg not common in a layman. , At one time, and for several years he edited a political . ' Decided in his own pa~e.r m Washington with signal ability. opm1ons, he was yet tolerant to those of others, and his editorial course was marked by uniform courtesy and moderation. . In sh?rt, _his pen was n ever idle, being constantly employed m contnbut10ns to the public press: or the literary pe1;odicals ' 1 �OF S'l". JOHN l>S COLLEGE. 8 g MEMOIRS OF DECEASED 'ALUMNI of the day, in articles as varied as his acquirements, especially in the department of criticism, for which his refined and discriminating taste and comprehensive powers of generalization and analysis peculiarly fitted him. All these, with his characteristic modesty, he published anonymously. Had they been printed under his own name, they would have made it conspicuously and favorably known among the writers of the day. ·Besides all these he left behind him, in manuscript, valuable papers on various subjects which never appeared in print. A collection from his writings would form an attractive volume, and is due to his literary reputation. It is to be hoped that some competent hand may undertake the task. At the time of his death he was engaged in prep~ring for the press a history of the British invasion of the District and capture of the city of Washington, with a narrative of the events which preceded and followed that disastrous occurrence, in connexion with an officer of the army of that period, and from notes taken and collected by him. This work will be an interesting and valuable addition to our national history, and will throw new light upon the causes of the failure of the American arms upon that memorable occasion, and show where the responsibility of the disaster should properly rest. But it was not the capacity which our departed friend evinced in the discharge of the various public trusts which he held, nor yet his ability and elegance as a writer, that his friends delight to dwell upon, so much as those admirable personal qualities which excited at once their confidence and admiration, and made him the charm and ornament of the social circle. In his domestic relations these secured for him the most constant and devoted affection; and also inspired in the hearts of many friends an ardent personal esteem, which no vicissitudes of fortune could ever shake, and which will keep his memory "green in their souls" with many tender recollections. There is yet another element to be mentioned, without which no character can be considered complete, and which formed the crowning beauty of his. The various trials that he was called to endure were sanctified to him in the formation of a deep,' earnest and consistent piety. With him the vital truths of Christianity were a prnc t.ica l rea1. receiving the . . . ity, hom~ge of his v1_gorous intellect, embraced in his. inmost heart and illustrated m all the latter days of l11s i·c . 11e. F or many ' . years .m the communion ~f the Protestant Episcopal Church he yielded to . her doctrmes and tenets an intelligent and unwave1:ing faith. Nor was it merely the assent of his un derstandmg. Besides other offi cial cl ut1es appertamnw to a ., . . . l ayman, f 1was actively engaaed ' success1'vely ' m t wo congrehe . " · ° gat10ns o t1 church ' in the u sefu l an d h onorable position of le S . upenntenc en_t of the Sunday Schools ;-the duties of which h e was not .satisfied to 111 alrn a mere customary routine. In d the' faithful observance of tlle ora·mances of the church . . an the conscient10us discharge of every religious duty f~u~~] a compen.sative solace amidst the trials and vicissit~des o . is mortal life, and that peace and serenity in its close which only they can bestow · A n d th us at 1 ast, at the ripe f age o seventy-five years ' ,vas our lamented friend "gathered · h" to . t ( is fathers," as we firmly trust and bel1"eve , "lmvmg· t h e f ses imony o a good conscience," and "the cor:n"'o I·t of .a J.eabl l" . 1' ona e' re igwus and holy h ope, m f,avor with God and · . . ' perfect charity with the world." ' m h; JUDGE THOMAS BEALE DORSEY. We ~ome no': to speak of JuDGE THOMAS BEALE DoRSEY who graduated m the succeeding class of 1799. ' h There ~re no names better known i11 Maryland than two of t o~e wh1~h comp?se his own, BEALE and DoRSEY, both of whl1ch _were prommently and favorably identified with th ear y history of the State. e His father, John Worthington Dorsey of Elk·"d A A. d 1 ' II ge nne . m~ .eh ~ounty, was a volunteer in the Revolutionary,Army m w i1c ie rose to the rank of captain · He b elonge d to th at ' veter l an corps, t le famous (' Old Maryland L. " t h e term of wl l' ine, 10se en istment was generally" for the war·" and h . d for nearly tl · . ' e se1ve Island Wl ~e entir~ penod, participating in the battles of Long believ:d in l~tt:e~:a~~:: B;nd~wine :nd Morn~outh, and it is memorable stru 1 ." o ~ve ta en an active part in that nobility which ~teeA1s t~e highest, and the only patent of ' men can gentleman may claim. 2 'I �10 OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. MEMOIRS OF' DECEASED ALUMN I It was during the war, viz., in June 1778, that he married Comfort dauohter of Samuel Worthington, of Baltimore ) " county; and of these parents, the subject of our sketch was born, the second child, October 17th, 1780, on Elkridge. The rudiments of his education were received at Newark, Delaware, whence, at an early age, he entered St. John's College, and graduated, as we have said, with the class of 1799, of which he was almost the last survivor. The tradition is that his standing at college did not excite any high expectations of a distinguished career. Not deemed by his associates to possess much talent, he was yet noted for his steady, plodding, persevering industry. His life, therefore, adds another to the many examples, which prove that, while precocious minds do not always fulfil the promise of their youth, the intellect slowest in development is often the strongest and most vigorous in action. It is an illustration, also, of the reward which scarce ever fails to attend systematic perseverance and patient toil. After leaving college, he entered the office.of Judge Walter' Dorsey, in Baltimore, as a student of law, and was admitted to the bar in 1803. He at once commenced practice in Baltimore, whe:re he remained till 1811, when the state of his health compelled him to suspend active professional duties and to retire to his farm upon Elkridge. The same habits of industry and systematic labor which dis·tinguished him as a student, were carried by him into his ·early professional life. The degree of success to which he had attained, and th e high estimation io which he was held, during this period, are evinced by the fact, that in 1807 he was elected, with Robert Steuart, to represent the city of Baltimore in the House of Delegates;-and that in 1809 he was chosen a member of the State Senate, where he served for two years. His professional standing was still further shown by his being appointed in 1809, the District Attorney of -the .United States for the State of Maryland. He resumed practice after his removal to Anne Arundel county, and attended the courts of that circuit. He was al~o again sent to the Legislature, repres.entin.g his native county_ m the House of Delegates during the sessions of 1813 and 1814. In the Legislature such a man was, of course; an useful \ 11 member,-bestowing faithful attention to the details of business in the committees and the house, and also dist.ingi1ished by his readiness and ability in debate. He took a prominent part. in the discussion of the more important measures of the time; and in the session of 1813 he gained special credit by his course in the investigation of the celebrated Alleghany Contested Election Case; in which he was the principal champion of the Democratic, as John Hanson Thomas was ' of the Federal, party. In the bitterness of their disappointment at the result, some leaders of the Democratic party proposed extreme measures of a disorganizing character; but the more' conservative counsels of Judge Dorsey even tu ally prevailed, and controlled their action 'to a wiser moderation. He was always decided in his political opinions, and frank in the avowal of them, and often took an active part in the canvass; serving as one of the Electoral Candidates for De Witt Clinton in the Pref'identia! contest of 1812. He subrnquently took the hustings in the same capacity for John Quincy Adams, in his first contest for that office, but resigned it to accept a seat upon the bench. Whatever ambition he may have had for political honors, his devotion to the law was paramount; and his professional career was active and laborious, and continued almost to the close of his life. In February 1822, he was appointed Attorney General of Maryland; and one of his first official acts was to take a prominent part in tbe trial of the Bank cases; noted for the interest which they excited, and the importance of the principles involved. Qn the 27th July 1824, he was elevated to the bench, receiving the appointment of Chief Judge of the Third Judicial District, which position gave him also a seat upon the Bench of the Court of Appeals. Upon the death of Judge Archer, Judge Dorsey was commissioned to succeed him as Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals, on the 3rd July 1848, and held this highest point of professional eminence until the reorganization of the judicial system of the State by the;adoption of the n ew constitution in 1851. Of the convention which met to remodel that instrument ' Judge Dorsey was a prominent member, and was distinguished therein, not only by his wise, conservative views, but by the �12 MEMOIRS OF DECEASED OF ST. JOHN'S ALUMNI ability with which be maintained thern; participating in the discussion of most of the leading topics, especially upon the elective franchise, the test oath, and the tenure of the judicial office. From the period of his leaving the bench to the time of his death, he devoted himself to the congenial pursuits of agriculture. His health, which in his early life was delicate;-and, notwithstanding his appearance and the activity and regularity of his habits, was never very robust.,-became impaired, and sinking by gradual decay, brought him to the close of a long and useful life of seventy-five years, on the 26th December 1855. JuDGE DoRsEY married, January 28th, 1808, Milcah Goodwin, daughter of William Goodwin, a prominent merchant of Baltimore, by whom he had a family of nine children, six of whorn survive him,-and of these, two are well known law yers of our State, and esteemed members of our fraternity. To speak adequately of JuDGE DoRsEv's personal and professional life, ·would require a chronicler more familiar with both, and more competent than I can pretend to be. His brethren at the bar can bear testimony to the fidelity and research which characterized the performance of his duties as a lawyer; the syslematic preparation, the zeal and earnestness, which he brought to the trial of his cases:-and the records of our highest courts, through a long series of years, illustrate the learning and ability, the logical acumen, :md soundness of j udg1nent, which signalized his judicial career. In the circnit courts, his prompt decisions, and· his capacity and vigour in the despatch of business, will long be remembered. Cases were not allowed to slumber and grow musty, nor could suitors often complain of'' the law's delay," where he sat as judge. The case of Jarndyce and Jarndyce, would have had but little chance to survive all the parties to it, and to fee two generations of lawyers, had it been upon the docket of one. of his courts. Decision and promptitude- were leading; traits of his character, and they are those . which are most potential in commanding success. His life may be considered an eminently successful one. He attained a high position among his fellow rnen ,-he won and maintained their respect. and confidence,-he enjoyed the esteem and affection of his 13 family and a large circle of fr1 'e11ds. Wh at more of happiness can fall to the lot of any man? . 'l'o a life of irreproachable moral excellence, he added a smcere and earnest reverence for the great. 11.u tl1s of 1e11g10n:- · . .. . he was a promment member 'c and for many ye ais a vestryman, . . . of the congregatton t-0 which he belonged , a11 c1 t001{ an active 1 • . . . mt.~r~st m its. p~·osperi(y. As years gathered over him his rehg1ous co'.1vict10?s became deeper, and he met the final summon~ with the firmn ess of a Christian' and died in the commumon of th e church. DR. SAJ\IUEL RrnouT. We turn now to a brief notice of one who did not lik th th . ' e e o er two, ~ti.am to a ripe old age, but was cut off in the fl~we~- of l11S days. H'.s future seemed full of hope and p10rrnse, and the domestic and social ties that bound him to the world were of the most endearing cha1·acte1· · B u t d' . . 1sease laid it~ hand upon him, and he whose office it was to heal the malache.s of others, was him self stricken by t11e de st. . · royer. H e 1 ~ece1vec . tl~e visitation as a mandate from Heaven, and bowed m subn11ss10n to the Divine decree. b DR. SAMUEL RrnouT, the son of Dr. John R'd ou t , was . · l . i on~ m t~e city of Annapolis, September 15th, 1824. He received his early education at home, whence he entered the Grammar School of St. John's, and having completed the usual college course, was graduated in February 1842. Perhaps from a sort of hereditary bias, he followed t.he bent which , seer~s to have led so many of his name in the •choice of a prof~ss10n, .and .became a student of medi.cine. He prosecuted his studies with ardour and industry, attended three courses of lectures at tl.1e ~edical School of the University of Maryland, and ~ool~ 111s diploma in 1846. He soon after commenced pra:t1~e m c.unnection with his father, and gave promise of attamm~ a. l~1gh rank in his profession. His natural gentleness and am1~bihty of manner made him a welcome visitant by the bed of. sickness, while his judgment and skill in the use of remedies begat confidence in his professional advice s But this c~re.e1: of u~efulness was soon interrup~ed. The eeds of that ms1d10us disease, consumption; manifested them- '1 \ COLLEGE. �14 MEMOIRS OF' DECEASED ALUMNI selves in a frame not naturally strong, and bafiling nll human skill, gradually destroyed his life. His bitter trial was lengthened out through several years of painful suffering; but the afflictions of the body produced a chastening and sanctifying influence upon the spirit, and enabled him to commit himself unreservedly t<? the will of his Heavenly Father. In the realizing sense of his Saviour's presence, his last whispered accents were, ''I am not afraid to die!'' And thus peacefully did he enter into rest, June 11th, 1856. In his character "the gentler elements" were blended in beautiful harmony;-his life was one of unusual purity,-and for at least six years before his death, his religiuus convictions led him to an open confession of his faith before men ,-in the Presbyterian Communion, to which his family belonged. DR. RmouT married, in October 1850, Anne, daughter of Mr. Jacob Winchester, and left a widow and three children. �REGISTER OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, MDcooLVI. Visito1·s and Governors chosen by the original Su.bsc1·ibcrs in 1784. Robert Denny, 1810, N icholas Brewer, do. Righ t Rev. Thos. J. Clagett, D. D., James Shaw, 1812, Rev. William West, D. D., John Stephen, do. Nicholas Carroll, J ohn Ridgely, M. D., 18:t3, John H. Stone, George Mackubin, do., William l:leanes, Lewis Neth, Jr., do., Richard Ridgely, Henry M. Murray, do. Sam uel Chase, Henry Maynadier, 1816, John Thomas, Henry H. Chapma n, do. Thomas Stone, Addison Ridout, 1817. Alexander C. Hanson, LL. D ., William E. Pinkney, M. D., 1820, Thomas Jennings. Samuel Sprigg, do., W illiam H. Marriott, do., Visitors and Govemors elected by the Georrre Shaw, do., Tho~as H. Carroll, do., Board. John N. Watkins, do., Gustavus Brown, M. D ., 1789, Thomas F ranklin, do., John Allen Thomas, do. , William Kilty, do. Charles Carroll of Carrolton, do., Ramsay Waters, 1821, Jeremiah Townley Chase, do., Dennis Clau de, !\'[. D., do., Charles Wallace, do. , Jeremiah Hughes, do., James Brice, do, , John Johnson , do., Richard Sprigg, do., Nicholas Brewer, do. Edward Gantt, do., Gideo n White, 1822, Clement Hill, do., Thomas Beale Dorsey, do. Right Rev, John Carroll, D. D., do. Reverdy J ohnson, 1824, Thomas Harwood, 1790, Thomas S. Alexander, do., Upton Scott, M. D., do. , Thomas H. Hall, do., John Davidson, do., Theodoric Bland, LL. D., do. William Cooke, do., Alexander ·Randall, 1825. Benjamin Ogle, do, George Wells, 1826. Joseph Kent, 1827. James Murray, M. D., 1792, Gabriel Duvall, do. Joseph H. Nicholson, 1829. William Pinkney, 1794, Daniel Martin, 1831. Philip Barton Key, do., James Thomas, 1833, John Ridout, 1795. Robert W. Howie, do. Samuel Ridout, 1796. Joseph E. Muse, M. D., 1837. Horace Ridout, 1797. Isaac Nevett Steele, 1839. Arthur Shaaf, do., John Ridout, M. D., 1840. John Johnson, do. Richard W. Gill, 1842. John Callahan, 1799. Brice T. B. Worthington , 1846. Allen B. Duckett, 1802, Thomas G . Pratt, 1848, Thomas Buchanan, do., l<'rancis H. Stockett, do. John T. Shaaf, M. D., do., John Thomas, 1852. James Mackubin , do. Thomas Karney, do., John Kilty, 1803. James Mackubin, do., James Murray, 1855, Richard Harwood ofThos., 1804 , Lewis Neth, do. , Anthony Kennedy, do., William Price, do., Reverdy Ghiselin, M. D., do. William McDaniel, do., John M'Dowe!J, LL. D., 1806. John Muir, 1807, Daniel M. Henry, do., Edward Hammond, do., Alexander C. Magruder, do. Jonathan Pinkney, 1810, William Williams, do., James Boyle, do., John R. Franklin, do. 'I �REGISTER OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE . T1'easure1·s. Benjamin Harwood, 1784. George Mackubin, 1826. .Tames Mackubin, 1852. Sec1·etaries. Ephraim Ramsay, 1786. Nicholas Brice, 1789. Alexander C. Hanson, 1790. Samuel Ridout, 1806. George Shaw, 1820. William E . Pinlmtly, 1821. James Boyle, 1825. Thoi;rias S. Alexander, 1826. Lewis Neth, 1827. George Wells, 1833. Professors of .Modern Lang iiages. Thomas Nyol De L'Allie, 1791. Martin De Targney, 1802. Thomas Bovey, 1805. Joseph Berge , 1809. Charles T . Flusser, 1824. Charles Dumas, 1837 . Frederick E. Zerl aut , Phil. D., 1837. Lewis .I<'. Lemanowski, 1839. Antonio Martino, 1841. Thomas L'Hombral, A. M., 1843 Charles Edward Anthon, A . M., 1848. Rev. Edward J. Stearns, A . M., 1849 . A. N. Giranlt, 1853. Rudolph L. Tafel, A . M., 1856. Professors of Gram mm·. Patrick Magrath , 1790. Principals. Owen Filz Gerald Magrath , 1791. James Priestly, 1792. John M'Dowell, LL. D., 1790. Joseph Blake, 1782. Rev. Bethel Judd, D. D., 1807. ·Rev. Henry Lyon Davis, D. D., 1820. Hugh H. M'K earne, 1794. Rev. William Rafferty, D. D., 1824. Dennis Donlevy, 1795. Rev. Hector Humphreys, D .D., 1831. John J acob Tschudy, 1800. John Conn~!, 1815. Edward Sparks, M. D., 1820. Vice-Principals. Sa muel Turney, 1822. Ralph Higginbotham, A. M., 1792. Rev . Henry Lyon Davis, D. D., 1816. R ev. John Decker, A. M., 1822. Rev. William Rafferty, D. D., 1820. William B. Leary, A . M., l834. Rev. Henry Elwell. A . M ., 1836. David Stewart, M . D., 1855. Rev. Joseph Trapnell, A. M., 1837. Professors of .Moral Philosophy and His · William H. T hompson , A . M., 1839. tory. .assistant Professors of (h ammar. Hector Humphreys, D. D., 1855. Thomas Scott, 1792. Hugh H. M'Kearne, 1794. Profes.•ors of Chemist1'y and Natural· John Jacob Tschudy, 1794. Philosophy. Philip Curran, 1800. David Stewart, M. D., 1855. Rev. Henry Elwell, A . M., 1836. William D. Greetham, 1847. Professo1's of .Mathematics. John M. Schwrar, B. A., 1853. John M'Dowell, LL. D, 1789. G1·aduates aud .!llumni of 1793. Thomas H. Hanson, 1817. Rev. Henry Lyon Davis, D. D., 1818. " Charles Alexander, B. A. " John Addison Carr, B. A. Thomas E. Sudler, A. M., 1826. * William Long, B. A. David J . Capron, A. M., 1840. .assistant Professor of .Mathematics. Richard Owen, 1790. * Benjamin Dulany . H enry Steele . * Joseph E . Muse, * M . D., Visitor and G overnor. " Levin Campbell, Register of Wills Ralph Higginbotham, A. M., 1789. Dorchester County . Patrick Magrath, 1792. " Howes Goldsb orou rrh. Owen Fitz Gerald Magrath, 1795. " Benjamin Ogle. William Duke, 1803. '·' Clement Dorsey, J udge of the CirJohn Allen, 1815. cuit Court of Maryland. John Wylie, 1816. * Daniel Clark e, Judge of the Circuit Rev. William Rafferty, D. D., 1819. Court of Ma 1·y land . Edward Sparks, M. V., 1822. *' James J\IJ 'Candless. Rev. Russell Trevett, D. D., 1855 . ' N inian Pinkn ey, Clerk of the Council. .assistant Pro fessors of Langttages. '' John Don e, Chi ef Jud ge 6th JudiHugh McGuire, 1795. cial Dis ti ict. William Bates, 1812. " Christoph er Harr ison. 'thomas Hanson, 1813. " William Hall Ha rrison . Professors Df Languages. 0 REGISTER OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE . :~ 1794. 1797. Chase, B. A . " John Leeds Kerr, B. A., Senator " John Bowie Duckett, B. A . in Congresss . " Richard Harwood, B. A., Adjutant John Tayloe Lomax, B. A., LL. General of Mary Janel. D., Judge of Court of Appeals of • John Carlisle Herbert, B. A. Virginia, and Orator before the " John J acob Tschudy, B. A. Alumni. " James Lowry Donaldson, B. A., .. Thomas Walley. Member of the Legislature. " John Hollidav. John Rumsey, B. A. " Thomas Higginbotham. .. John Owen, M. D. * Thomas Lunsford Lomax . John C. Weems, Member of ConEdward Courtney, gress . * William Mnynadier. .. Alexander Contee Magruder, Mem- * James West . ber of the Senate of Maryland, Lewis 8mith. Vhitor and Governor , Reporter William Patterson. William Thomas . of Decisions, and Judge of the Court of Appeals, and memb er of John Thomas, · Visitor and Gov· the Executive Council of Md. ernor. John Seney, Member of Congress . Samuel Bayly. " Peregrine Warfield, M. D. Thomas Blackburn. " Richard Tilghman Cooke. William Humphreys. John Fowler. " John Contee Herbert, Member of Congress, Senator of Maryland, and Orator before the Alumni , 1798. and Speaker of the House of Del- ''·' Willfam Campbell, B. A. egates. * John Claude, B. A. • William Donaldson, B. A ., M. D . 1796. Alexand er Hammett, B. A., Consul · at Naples. William Cooke, B. A. " Robert H. Goldsborough, B. A ., William Potts, B. A. Member of the Legislature, Sena- * John Hanson Thomas, B. A., Memtor in Congress, Orator before ber of the Legislature. the Alumni. " Francis Scott Key, B. A., District "' Daniel Martin, Governor of Mary· Attorney of the United States, land . and Orator before the Alumni. John Wilmot, Judge of the Orphans " Daniel Murray, B. A. Court, and Adjutant General of " John Shaw', B. A., M. D . Maryland . " Carlysle F. Whiting, B. A. * William Rodgers, M. D., U . S. N. * Grafton Duvall, M. D. " Trueman Tyler, Register of Wills " John Higginbotham . of Prince George County. John Harrison. * John Ridgely, M. D ., Visitor and Thomas U . P. Charlton, Chancellor Governor. of South Carolina. ,. Tobias Watkins, M. D., Auditor * Joseph Hall, M. D . . Archibald Lee, Member of the United States Treasury, and As· L egislature. sistant Surgeon General, U.S. A. " Horace Clarke. *' Waller Wyvil, M. D. Robert Tilghman . ' ' Charles S. Sewall, Senator of Mary· * Ralph Higginbotham. land. .. Samuel Maynard . *' Samuel Brown, Register of Wills Anne Arundel County. * John Claytor. * Joseph Howard, Judge of the Or- Edmund Brice Duvall, Member of the Legislature and of the Exephans Court. Lloyd 'I'. Hammond, M. D. cutive Council. Thomas Gantt. "' Gustavus Brown , M. D . John C. Henry, Member of the * Samuel Chase, Judge of the OrLe11islature and of the Executive phans qourt. of the District of Council. Columbia. Richard Galen Stockett, M. D. , Member of the Legislature. Washington Van Bibber, Member of Congress . * Thomas 'I �REGISTER OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. REGISTER OF ST, JOHN'S COLLEGE. 1799. " Charles Sterrett Ridgely, Speaker of the House of Delegates. • Thomas Beale Dorsey, l3. A., Mr., William Gibson, M. D. Senator of Mary land, Attorney General of Maryland, Visitor * Charles Ridgely. William Bowley. and Governor, and Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals. 1804 . ., Walter Farnandis, B. A., Mr. " Thomas Rodgers, B. A., Mr., Clerk " Upton Scott Reid, B. A . of the Senate. Nicholas Carroll, B. A. " James S. Grant, B. A., Mr. ' ' Robert C. Stone, B. A., Mr., Mem- * Christopher Hughes, Charge to ber of the Legislature. Sweden, and Member of the Legislature. Dennis Claude, M. D., Senator of William Grason, Member of the Maryland, Visitor and Governor, Convention, Senator and Govand Treasurer of Maryland. ernor of Maryland. Philip W. Thomas. * Enoch M. Lowe, Paymaster U.S.A. " James Shaw, Member of the Exec- * Robert 0 . N. Maguire, M. D. utive Council. " Phil em on Chew, Member of the G. W. P. Custis. Executive Council and of the Philip I. Thomas, Poet before the Legis'ature. Alumni. John Hammond. " Matthias Hammond, M. D. Thomas Williamson, M.D., U.S.N. ,, Beale M. Worthington, M. D . " Polydore O'Reilly, M . D. Kensey Harrison, Member of the John H . Brown, M. D. Legislature. * David R. Geddes. James Cheston, M. D Rev. Charles Mann, D. D. '' Charles Stewart, M. D . 1800. William Middleton. " James Boyle, B. A., Mr., State's " Antony Diant. Attorney, Visitor and Governor, John Contee, Lieutenant U. 8. M. Member of the Legislature and Corps. Executive Council. 1806. Richard Brown, B. A., M. D. Thomas J . Brice, B. A. * Jo'lrn Guyer, B. A. Rev. James Williams. " James Harwood, B. A. ~, George Carr G1undy. " James Thomas, Governor of Mary- * George Mackubin, B. A., Visitor · and Governor, Treasurer of St. land. John's and Treasur·e r of Mary" William Mann. land, and Member of the Legisohn Patterson. lature. " · esse Eichelberger. * John Mercer, B. A., Member of Russel Lee. the Legislature , "Nicholas Harwood,M. D ., U.S. N. * Henry Maynadier Murray, B. A. 1802. " Lewis Neth, B. A., Secretary of " Richard Lockerman, B. A. the Visitors and Governors: James Murray, B. A., Member of " William E. Pinkney, B. A., M. · the Legislature, Commissioner of D., Visitor and Governor. the Land Office. " Jesse Ray, B. A. * Hyde Ray, M. D., U. S. N. * James F. Brice. " Charles W. Hanson, Judge BaltiJohn Thomas, Member of the Lemore County. gislature. "! Alexander C. Hanson, Member of * William T. Wooton, Member of Congress, and of the United States the Legislature, and Secretary of Senate. the State of Maryland. John Gibson. John R. Shaw, Purser, U. S. N . " Allen 'Thomas, M. D., Member of " John \V. Thomas, Member of the ' the Legislature. Legislature. * Nichola3 Thomas. * Samuel Sweetzer. " Jarrett H. Snowden. * Seth Sweetzer, Consul to Guaya" David Hoffman, LL. D., Visitor and quil. Governor, and Professor of Law John R andall. in the University of Maryland. Nathaniel Burwell. j " George Mann, Lieutenant U. S. N. " Daniel Randall, LJeputy Paymaster General, U. S. A. " John Gwinn, Captain U. S. N. 1810. Thomas. R~ndall, B. A., Judge of the District Court in Florida John Ridout, B. A., M. D,, Vi;itor and Governor. - " Richard Marriott, M. D. Joh" M. S. Macubbin M D Member of the Legislat~re . ., John Denny, M, D., U. S. N. Jo~n N. Watkins, Clerk of the . Mnati8, and Adjutant General of y. and, J ohnaRr1dout. Visitor and Governor. * John Johnson, Member of the Legislature, Visitor and Governor, Chancellor of Maryland Orator before the Alumni. ' John Carroll, Member of the Legislature. Thomas H. Carroll, Member of the Legislature, Visitor and Governor. Nicholas Brewer, Visitor and Governor, and Judge of the Circuit Court. David Ridgely, State Librarian. William Greenbury Ridgely, Chief Clerk in the Navy D epartment at Washington. " Landon Mercer, Lieutenant U.S.N. * Waldon Middleton. " Frederick Mackubin, M. D. GLrge G. Brewer, Reo-ister of the and Office. " 1822. Hugh Mercer Patton. " John Carville Howard, B. A. John M..' Patton, Member of the Alexander Randall, B. A. Member Executive Council of Virginia of the House of Representatives ,. and Member of Congress. ' U. S., and of the Convention Ramsay Waters, Register in ChanVisitor and Governor and Ora to; ce.ry, Visitor and Governor. before the Alumni. David Crawford M D " William Denny, 0M. D. · " Philip Barton Key, State's Attorney. George Shaw, Visitor and Gov~r~or, and Secretary. John A. Magruder, M. D. ,. Wilham Latimer, Captain u. s. N. Joseph H. Nicholson, Clerk of John Wesley Peaco, M. D., U.S.N. Senate and of An ne Arnndel CirGovernor of Liberia. cuit Court, Visitor & Governor. George Reid Pierce, M. D. 1811. George L . Magruder. " John Gwinn, B. A., M. D. William Brewer, M. D. ,. Joh~ Marbury, B. A. James Buchanan. · Addison Ridout, B. A., Member of Thomas Buchanan. the Legislatnre. John Stephen Sellman, Senator of Maryland. Francis Thomas, Member of ConBurton Randall , M. D., U. S. A. gress, Member of Legislature and Robert K. Matlack. of the Convention, and Governor Benjamin Watkins, M. D. of Maryland. 1827. Richard Randall, M. D., u. s. A., and Governor of Liberia. John H enry Alexander,B. A., Mr., Henry Randall. LL. D., Chief of the TopograReveif v Johnson, Senator of Maryphical Survey of Maryland. Thomas Archer, B. A., Mr. lan~Senator and Attorney General of the United States. William Harwood, B. A., Mr,, State Librarian. George Wells, Visitor and GovEzekiel Hughes, B. A., Mr. ernor and Secretary, Member of Rev. William Pinkney, B. A., Mr. , the Convention of 1851, and Senator of Maryland. J?. _D., Orator before the Alumni. W1lham . H. Tuck, B. A., Mr., " William ~· Marriott, Member of the Legislature, Visitor and GovSpeaker House of Delegates, ernor, Collector of Baltimore Member of the Convention Judge of the Court of Appeals' : John B_. Wells, _M. D., u. s. A: .. Frederrnk Lewis Grammar M D and Orator before the Alumni. ' " Somerville Pinkney. ' · · * John Bowie, Lieutenant U. S . N. " William baton, M. D., u. s. N. Jonathan Pinkney, Clerk of the Thomas S_. Alexander, Member of Senate. the Legislature, and Visitor and Governor. Nicholas H. Green, Clerk of the Circuit Court. ,. 'I 5 �6 B. L. Bird, M. D. Charles H. Stephen, M. D. lt:\29 . John T. Archer, B. A. Hyde Ray Bowie, B. A. , James Boyle, B. A. ,.. Daniel Clarke, B. A. " Robert Emmet Culbreth, B. A. * John Harcastle Culbreth, B. A., Member of the L egislature. Thomas John Franklin, B. A., Mr., and M. D. John Randall Hagner, B. A., Mr., and Paymaster U . S. A. Ellis Hugh es, B. A., M. D . Thomas Karney , B. A., Mr., Professor of Ethics United States Na val Academy, and Visitor & Governor. Edward Pannel, B. A. Ninian Pinkney, B. A., Mr., M. D., U . S. N., and Orator before the Alumni . "' Nicholas John Watkins, B. A. 1836. George Grundy, B. A. Thomas Granger, B. A., Mr. William R . Hayward , B. A. George Johnson , B. A. * Joshua Dorsey Johnson , B. A * Edward Muse, :B. A. George H. Reeder, B. A. Willi am 0 . Reeder, B. A . William Henry Thomas , B. A . Franklin Weems, B. A. Ni cholas Brice Worthington, B.A . William P . Williams , M. D. R ev. Samuel Ridout , M. D . * William Levely, M. D., U.S. A . * Robert Franklin, M. D. * Gabriel Duvall, Member of the _ Legislature. Sprigg Harwood. " James B. Stephens, M. D. John H. T . Magruder, State Librarian. Augustus Bowie, M. D., U.S. N. Richard Swann, State Librarian, and Member of the Legislature. George E . Franklin . 1837. John M. Brome, B. A., M. D ., Frederick S. Brown, B. A. John W. Martin, B. A. Rev . Jos eµh Traµnell, B. A., Mr. " Trueman Tyler, B. A., State's Attorney for Prince George County, Md. Philip L ansdale, M. D., U . S. N · Thomas R. Kent. 1838. William T ell Claude. B. A., Mr. Rev . Savington W. Crampton , B. A. " Henry H. Goldsborough, B . A., States Attorney for Talbot CounJames Sands Holland, B. A., Mr. ty, Md. James West Thompson, B. A.,Mr. Charles Nicholas Mackubin, B. A. William Henry Thompson, B. A_., 1834. Mr., Professor of Grammar in Rev. Orlando Hutton, B. A., Mr. St. John' s. John Greene Proud, B. A., Mr., Edward Worthington, B. A. Poet before the Alumni, and Rev. William Henry Trapnell, Chronicler. B. A. * Rev. Lucien Buonaparte Wright, James P. Archer, English DiB.A. ploma . Charles H. Steele, M. D. William R . Goodman , M . D . F . W. Green, Member of ConEstep Hall, M. D . gress. 1832. 1839 . 1835. Samuel Chamberlaine, B. A. Philip Culbreth, B. A . William Henry Goodwin Dorsey, B. A. John T homas Beale Dorsey , B. A., Member of the Legislature, State 's Attorney for Howard Co . '' Worthin gton R oss , B. A. Frederick Stone, B. A., Codifier of th e Laws of Md. B. T. B. Worthington , B. A., VisCharles W. Hanson, Member of itor and Governor. Brice John Worthington, B. A . the Legislature. Richard Weems, M. D . Edwin Boyle, B. A., Visitor and Governor. Abram Claude, B. A ., Mr., M. D . Richard Culbreth , B. A. " Thomas Holme Hagner, B. A., Mr., Member of the Legislature of Florida. Richard C. Maclmbin, B. A., Mr. M.D. 7 REGISTER OF ST, JOHN'S COLLEGE. REGISTER OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. P. W. Hawkins, M. D. Charles Baer, M. D. " Benjamin Gray, M. D . 1840. John M. Brewer, B. A. Benjamin F. Bohrer B A M. D. ' · " M r., " Jeremiah L . Hughes, B. A. Rev. Thomas W. Win ch ester, B. A., Mr. 1841. Luther Giddings B A M:o:jor U. S. A. ' · " Mr., W1ll_1am Giddings B A • Damel Maynadie~ H ., Mr. Mr .. , Memherofth eLry! B. A., and Visitor and Ge eg1slature, " George Stephen H overnor. A M ~. umphreys B ., . r., .u1eutenant U S ' . Frai;lC_s H. Stockett B . . A. 1 V1s1tor and Gove rnor.· A., Mr., ' Marius DuvallM Benjamin Har~ood DM UD. S. N. 1842. . ' John Basil, B. A., Mr George Betton B A . Rev. Jonatha p'10 · · ·k " B. A., Mr.n neyHammond, Samuel Ridout, B. A., Mr., M. D. John G. Garn~M. D. 1844. Lle"."ellynn Boyle B A Lieutenant U s' A. ., Mr:, hrarian. · · ., State L1Alexander H am11ton Gambrill, B. . A., Mr. John Thomas Hall B · A., Mr., Jam es Kemp Harwood Mr., Purser U. s. N ' B. A., ThMomas A. McParlin B A M • . D., U. S. A , . ., r., . Basil S. Murdoch . B A M Henry M ayna d' ' Murray r . A M ier · ., B Cr., States Attorney f~r _A' J aunty. · · ohn Shaaff Stockett, B. A., Mr. M. D . ' A Wll!iam H y - . ma Stat·, An g , English DiploTheodore Ws ' Rttorlnley Baltimore. · eve , M. D. 1846. Nicholas Brewer J Marbury B. ' r., B. A., Mr. M. D. iewer, B. A., Mr , " Richard H. Cowman M. D., u. s. N ' B. A., Mr., Joh~ Decker, Jr., ·B A Dame] Murra Th . ., Mr. Theodore Lin{hic~:,aM.Bo~·· Mr. 1847. Robert Chandler, B. A., Mr. Elizur Lance! Foote, B. A., Mr "John R. P. Forbes, B. A., Mr. · James ~haw Franklin, B. A., IMr., State s Attorney for Anne Ai:u~del Co., Maryland. Wilham Henry McParlin ' B. A. , . M r. John Mullan, B. A., Mr., Lieutenant U.S. A. Charles S. Parran, Member of the Legislature. Charles S. Winder, Captain U . S. A. 1849. Thomas B. Chase, B. A., Mr. , M.D. William Q. Claytor, B. A., Mr., M.D. Harwood Iglehart, B. A., Mr. Jam_e~ Mackubin, B. A., Mr., V1s1tor and Governor, and Treasurer of St. John's. James Revell B A Mr John Ridout,'B.°A. "Mr. M D Thomas Jones Wils~n i' A . M. States Attorney for'A.' A:'co.r., H. Roland Wal ton M D ChArles F. Goldsb'oro~gh°, States M~~rney for Dorchester Co., 1850. Dennis Claude Jr B A M JoMhn McMaho~ Holl~nd" Br.A r M b f ' . ., of M.' : em er 0 the Legislature mnesota. Thomas Richard Stockett B Mr. ' ·A., 1852. Charles Brewer B A M M U . S. A. ' · ., r., . D. WMilliam Saunders Green ' B . A ., r. William Sprigg Hall B A M James Iglehart, Jr. B A 'M: r. JoMnathan Pinkney Sp;rks"B r.A r. ' .. , William W. Childs, M. D. 1853. Richard Henry Brewer A M J ohn . Grant Chapman 'BB .A "Mr. W11!1am H en dry Gassaway B. ' · ., r. A . , Mr. ' ' Ri~fr~rd Harwood Greene, B. A ., John Grant Harris B A M Charles Edward Hu'tto~ ' · j'. A ., r. j r.M . �8 REGISTER OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE . William Thomas Iglehart, B. A., 1836. Mr. " Rev. Henry Elwell, A.M. George Palmer Keating, B. A., • Rev. David F. Shaeffer, D. D. Mr. Daniel Randall Magruder, B. A., 1839. Mr. Rev. Joseph Wolff, D. D. John Miller Schwrar, B. A., Mr., Assistant Professor of Grammar 1840. in St. John's. Washington Greene Tuck, B. A., Rev. George F. Worthington, A. l\J . Mr. Edward Hazen, A. M. Lemuel Flannigain, English Di. 1841. ploma. Right Rev. George Washington 1855. Doane, Bishop of New Jersey, LL.D. Isaac Williams Brewer, B. A. Edward McCeney, B. A. 1844. Osborn Sprigg Iglehart, B. A. Philip Randall Voorhees, B. A. John Tayloe Lomax, Judge of the Supreme Court, Va., LL. D. Edward Augustus Welch, English Diploma. 1850. Rev. Gordon Winslow, D. D. 1856. Rev. Edward J. Stearns, A. M. Marshall Chapman, B. A. Hammond Claude, B. A. 1852. Philip G. Clayton, B. A. Dr. William Sands, A. M. John A. Conner, B. A. Dr. William W. Duvall, A. M. Louis G. Gassaway, B. A. Dr. Marius Duvall, A. M. Thomas B. Kent, B. A. William G. Ridout, B. A. 1856. Alvan C. Wilson, B. A. Rev. Peter Van Pelt, D. D. Honorary Degrees. Rev. Edwin M. Van Deusen, D. D. Rev. James A. McKenney, D. D. 1827. Nou BENA.-The names of the GRADUATE• " Theodorick Bland, Chancellol'. of are taken from the Record of the Visitors and Maryland, LL. D . dates are authentic and Sylvanus Thayer, U.S. A., LL. D. Governors and the in which other Classical correct. The years 1834. Nathan C. Brooks, A. M. Scholars left before the course was completed, who are called .ALUMNI, in this list, cannot be determined from the books ;-and they may not, in some instances have been placed in the proper periods. ' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Commencement Programs and Addresses Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource Addresses given at commencement and programs of events related to, and including, the annual commencement ceremonies at St. John's College. Includes both the undergraduate and Graduate Institute commencements. The College Archives holds programs and/or addresses for the following years: <ul> <li>1796</li> <li>1835-1836</li> <li>1842</li> <li>1852</li> <li>1856-1857</li> <li>1870</li> <li>1878</li> <li>1880</li> <li>1890</li> <li>1893</li> <li>1895</li> <li>1897</li> <li>1907</li> <li>1910-1918</li> <li>1920-1924</li> <li>1928-1929</li> <li>1932</li> <li>1936-1937</li> <li>1939-1945</li> <li>1947-present </li> </ul> Click on <a title="Commencement Programs and Addresses" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=18&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CDate&sort_dir=d">Items in the Commencement Programs and Addresses Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context commencementprograms Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 14 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Memoirs of Deceased Alumni, 1856 Description An account of the resource Memoirs of deceased alumni of St. John's College. Read, by appointment of the Association, August 6th, 1856, by John G. Proud, Jr., A. M. To which is added a register of St. John's College, for 1856. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Proud, Jr., A.M., John G. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Robert F. Bonsall, Printer Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856-08-06 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Watkins, M.D. Tobias Dorsey, Thomas Beale Ridout, M.D., Samuel Relation A related resource <a title="Commencement Address" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/show/3619">Commencement Address</a> Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Register and Memoirs of Deceased Alumni of St. John's College by John G. Proud 1856-08-06 Alumni Commencement https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/a362f5bdca9b8fa2593da76316cca765.pdf 1e1c5a2a33b5c983a2591fb6478493de PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Speeches, presentations, and other lectures Description An account of the resource Speeches, presentations, and other lectures given at St. John's College. These include convocation addresses delivered in both Annapolis, MD and Santa Fe, NM. Click on <a title="Speeches, presentations, and other lectures" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=15">Items in the Speeches, presentations, and other lectures Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context speechespresentationsotherlectures Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 17 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biographical sketch of Hector Humphreys Description An account of the resource Photocopy of Biographical Notice of the Rev. Hector Humphreys, D.D. Late Principal of St. John's College; "True Freedom the Gift of God the Son," a Baccalaureate Sermon; and the Register of St. John's College, for the Year MDCCCLVIII. The Greenfield Library does not own an original copy of the publication. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Proud, J. G. (John Greene), -1883 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Thomas J. Wilson Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1857 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright undetermined. Type The nature or genre of the resource text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context COM_Proud_John_Greene_1857 Subject The topic of the resource Humphreys, Hector, 1797-1857 Commencement https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/fabc591bb474cd1ead30dedbede3bce8.jpg 4032bff7ffb09de52c3b929c33bcbc6e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Image Collection—Annapolis Description An account of the resource The Greenfield Library Image Collection houses over 5,000 photographs, postcards, drawings, and other graphic materials. The images in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. To learn more about the Greenfield Library's archives use policy or to obtain high-resolution images, please see the <a title="Image Collection Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Image Collection Use Policy</a>. Click on <a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Image Collection—Annapolis Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context imagecollectionannapolis Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 12 x 9 cm. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data carbon print Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SJC-P-0369 Title A name given to the resource Front View of McDowell Hall with Cupola, St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland Description An account of the resource 1 carbon print : b&w Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1860-1909 [circa] Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Subject The topic of the resource St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.). -- McDowell Hall -- Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Type The nature or genre of the resource still image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph. McDowell Hall https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/ee16ae29415cce32d608f61d0dec294d.jpg 2c500310447439e832e76191c5ee0a87 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Image Collection—Annapolis Description An account of the resource The Greenfield Library Image Collection houses over 5,000 photographs, postcards, drawings, and other graphic materials. The images in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. To learn more about the Greenfield Library's archives use policy or to obtain high-resolution images, please see the <a title="Image Collection Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Image Collection Use Policy</a>. Click on <a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Image Collection—Annapolis Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context imagecollectionannapolis Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 20.5 x 25.5 cm. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SJC-P-2141 Title A name given to the resource Front Page of "The Crutch", Vol. II, No. 56, A Weekly News and Literary Paper Devoted to the Interest of the Soldier by the U.S.A. General Hospital, Division No.1, Annapolis, Maryland Description An account of the resource 1 photographic copy of the front page of the "Crutch" : b&w Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1865-01-28 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph. https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/8f35de9ed2ef41eb618aa127247899b2.pdf 6e34586baa990e478f2480920756da30 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Annual Catalogue of St. John's College, at Annapolis, Maryland, for the Academic Years 1867-8; and Prospectus of Studies for the Academic Year 1868-9. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource College Catalogs and Statements of the Program Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St. John's College Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource Statements of the Program are published each Academic Year. They provide an overview of the program and historical information about the college. The titles of these publications have changed over the course of the College's history. From the 19th century through 1971 they were titled Catalogue. During this period, some Catalogues were distributed as issues of The Bulletin of St. John's College. The title changed from Catalogues to Statement of the Program with the 1972-1973 publication. Also included in this collection are Graduate Institute catalogs and promotional publications about the St. John's program. Click on <a title="College Catalogues" href="https://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?tags=College+catalog&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CDate">Items in the College Catalogs and Statements of the Program Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context collegecatalogs Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 16 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St. John's College Title A name given to the resource Annual Catalogue of St. John's College, at Annapolis, Maryland, for the Academic Years 1867-8; and Prospectus of Studies for the Academic Year 1868-9. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1868 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource English Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available William K. Boyle's Steam Press Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Baltimore, MD Annapolis, MD Description An account of the resource College catalog for the years 1867-1868 Catalog Catalogue College catalog https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/31788c7fddf57d5570bf3080b8d6e6c4.pdf 7494ee2bdbd05c7237efb62de2405ec5 PDF Text Text ANNUAL CAr:rALOGUE OF ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND, FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1_868-9;. AND FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1869-70. BALTIMORE: WILLifi)l K. BOYLE'S SCJ:Efi_)l a?Ef.ESS, Corner Of Baltimore and St. 1869. Paul Streets. �JAMES c. WELLING, LL. D., PRINCIPAL, U!D PROFESSOR OF METAPHYSICS, LOGIC, AND SOCIAL SCIENCE, AND LECTURER ON HISTORY A.ND ITS PRILOSO"PHY. HIB EXCELLENCY, HON. ODEN BOWIE, Governor of Maryland, ex officio,. REV. PRESIDENT. HoN. H ON. HoN. HoN. BARNES COMPTON ' p resident of Senate ex officio . WM. A. STEWART, Speaker House of D~l " . JAS. L BARTOL Ch' f J . JAS. A·. STEWAR'T Jie ustice Court of Appeals, ex officio. , udge REV. JULIUS M. DASHIELL, A. M., ;Jl&Oll'ESSOR OF THE GREEK AND LATIN LANGUAGES, THEIR LITERATURE AND HISTORY. HoN. JOHN M. ROBINSON HoN. RICHARD GRASON, ' IllRAM CORSON, A. M., HoN. MADISON NELSON HoN. RlCH. H. ALVEY, ' l'BOFEBSOR OF THE ANGI,O·SAXON AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES, THEIR LITERATURE AND HISTORY, .A.ND OF RHETORIC, INCLUDING VOCAL CULTURE. HoN. GEORGE BRENT WJLLlAM STEFFEN, A. M., HoN. OLIVER MILLER" l'ROFEBSOR OF MATHEMATICS, GERMAN, AND MILITARY TACTICS, AND ACTING PROFES- I. NEVETT STEELE, EsQ. SOR OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE. WM. McDANIEL, M. D. DANIEL M. HENRY, EsQ. WM. WILLIAMS, M. D. ~'REV. WILLIAM L. GAGE, A. M., l'BOFEBBOR OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AND ITS RELATIONS TO THE HISTORY AND INDUS- HoN. JOHN R. FRANKLIN. JNO. G. PROUD, EsQ. HoN. ALEX. RANDALL. THOS. KARNEY, EsQ. JNO. H. SOTHORON, EsQ. GEO. FORBES, EsQ. SPRIGG HOWARD, EsQ. ABRAM CLAUDE, M. D. JAMES MUNROE, EsQ. K. NELSON, D. D., VICE-PRINCIPAL, RELIGION .A.ND THE EVIDENCES OF CHRISTIANITY. H JOS. H. NICHOLSON, EsQ. HoN. THOS. G. PRATT. JNO. RIDOUT, M. D. FRANK H. STOCKETT, EsQ. JAS. MACKUBIN, EsQ. EDWIN BOYLE, EsQ. NICHOLAS BREWER, EsQ. Treasurer. HoN. JOHN THOMSON MASON , S ec1wary. H ON. EDWARD HAMMOND. HoN. WM. H. TUCK. GEORGE WELLS, EsQ. D. M. THOMAS, EsQ. c. AND PROFESSOR OF MORAL SCIENCE, AND LECTURER ON NATURAL AND REVEALED TRIAL RESOURCES OF NATIONS. •:•s. S. HALDEMAN, A. M., PROFESSOR OF NATURAL HISTORY, AND LECTURER ON ETHNOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE ''. ii PHILOLOGY. WILLIAM H. HOPKINS, A. M., ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF THE GREEK A.ND LATIN LANGUAGES, B. MAURICE, LL. D., PROFESSOR OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. 'i. HENRY TROSTDORF, PROFESSOR OF VOCA:L AND INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC. J. GRATTAN HAGNER, TUTOR. W. E. THOMPSON, Tu•roR. L. A. WILMER, LIBRARIAN. *These gentlemen have accepted their respective positions, but will not enter upon their duties until their services shall be required. �of .$tu~euts DURING THE YE.AR 1868-9. NAMES. CLAS!. POST OFFICE. L. 'l'. Acworth Francis B. Ada.. ·~··········"······ 2nd Prep .. ······ Quantico, Md. ms........ 1st " Oh Edward V. Ang]" ·········· ........ arles County Md im ................ 2nd " B 1. , . Wm. R. Atkinson ··· ·· .. · a t1more, " · · · · · · · · · .. ·······1st " .. ···· .. Princess Anne . Macpherson Baldwin........... 2nd Pre , W. Barnes.. .... p ........ Annapolis, Maryland · John Basil "'."'''''"········ ...... 3rd " ........ Sykesville J. Frank B.................. ......... 2nd " ........ A11napolis' ·1 'I' S B as1 _. ..................... " " , · . eard ...... F h " R b .B<~ ····· ...... ········· res man Rut! d Brd p ....... an , o ert ellis....... ......... " Alfred W. Benja · ········· rep ......... Aunapolis, " W. P. Berr mm ............... lst " ........ . J: S. Bes . y ....... ············ ...... 2nd " ......... Nottingham " T w Boie .......................... " " ... ,...... Clear Sp1-iu;, ~ · . owen ........................ 3 rd " D. G. Bond ·. . ........ Centreville Oden Bo · .......................... 2nd '' ......... Edenton O wie................. , · . " :: · ....... Collington, ·Md. Wm. D. Bowie... M. Wyvil Boyd..................... " ./ N. G. Brewer ···•••u········.. " ......... Hagerstown, Md. '"" R. G. Brewer······ .. ········· " '' ········.Annapolis, " ' G. A. Brown················· " · · R. R. Brown , ..... · ·.. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · " " .. ······.Pikesville " AI d ...... ··· ······ ......... Sophomore. " ' " p k . exan er M Bryan .............. 2nd Prep ·· •······· omon ey, " Frank Bryan.. 3rd " ········.Annapolis, Nicholas W. B:." -~~- ············"" " C. E. Buck y ················ 1st " " " W. B. Btic .......... ············ ...... 3rd " ........ Cumberland, k ..... ......... ,, ~-~ RD.Burroughs ......... .".":::······" " U " " Matthew Butler..... ······ ........ pper Marlboro', Md. ················ ........ Cumberland, " N . Calderon Carlisle.................... So . · B. Carr phomore ...... Waslnngton D o ................ . ..... · ........ 3rd P rep ......... .Annapolis Md · · ' M. Carr. ......................... , '' Arthur B. Carter · ·" / W. Chanev ................ " .. ······················· ,, " , " "' " •· . 1 5 CIRCULAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. OLABS. NAJllEB. POST OFFICE. /Wrn. E. Chipchase ................. 2nd Prep ......... 8underlanc1ville, Md. · JJ. Rosier Clagett.................... 1st " ......... Sligo, ..-'Dennis Claude ....................... Freshman ....... Annapolis, /G. Handy Claude................... 3rd Prep......... " ;Washington C. Claude ............ :!nd " J'J.'. L. Clements ...................... " " ......... Bea>er Dams, /E. Collier............................. 3rd " ......... Quantico, v J. Coollahan ........................ " ......... Annapolis, I Chas . .A. 'Combs .................... 2nd " ......... Grantsville, IJ. Wheeler Combs .................. 1st " " 1 H. W. Cornelius .................... 2nd " ......... Orown.sville, I JI.. Corson ... '. ......................... " " ......... Annapolis, . 1Frank D. Coyle ..................... " " ......... Washington, . "'W. T. Councilman ................. Freshman ....... PikesviJ!e, /Curtis E. Crane ..................... 3rd Prep ......... Ohurch Hill, .;E, T. Orane...... ; ........... -. ...... 2nd " : .... _. ... Baltimore, " " " " IR. W. Da8hiell...................... Freshmau, ...... Princess Anne, Md. IF. W. Daute ........................ 3rd Prep ......... Annapolis, / G. E. Davidson ..................... F~eshman ....... Davidson ville, " "'J. Louis Davis/..................... 8-rd Prep ....... uA nnapolis, " 'Philip R. DeLashmutt ............ u S. Devecmon ..................... 2nd . ...- Edward .A. Dietrich ............... 3rd 1 W. A. Dorsey ....................... 2nd /Charles D. Downs ................. 3rd : ,..'John A. Duncan.................... 2nd ' {James Q. Dutrow .................. 3rd • : .I' . . " .•..••.•• Frederick, " " .......•. Lonaconi,pg, " ......... Harford Ftuuace, Md. " ......... l'ort Republic, " ......... Winiamsport, " ......... Cub Hill, "' ........ Baltimore, ' 'Frederick Emory ................... 2nd Prep ........ Centreville, Md. I . . Jas. A. Farrell ...................... 2nd Prep ........ Annapolis, Md. , ~Chas. G. Feldmeyer ................ 3rd " " " ., F.P.Fiery ........................... 1st " ........ Hagerstown,Md •. ; ' ~John Flood ........................... 3rd· " ........ Annapolis, " .Thomae Foreman .................... lst " ........ Baltimo-re, " ., / Geo. E. Franklin ................... 2nd " ....... :Annapolis, " 1 / Geo. E. French..................... " " ........ Baltimore, " ,......R, J. Foard ......................... 3rd " ........ Elkton, James Forrest....................... " " ........ Leonardtown," F. Gantt.............................. 1st Prep ......... Lower Marlboro', Md . " ......... Chaptico, " . Samuel Garner...................... Sophomore ...... Annapolis, " .J J. H. Gamer ........................ " �6 CIRCULAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. NAMES. CIRCULAR CLASS. OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 7 -------- POST OFFICE. CLASS. NAMES. ' Woolman H. Gibson ............... 2nd Prep ........ Ceiitreville, Marylaud. .- J. Goldsborough .................... 3rd " ....... Easton, , W. H. Go~dman .................... Freshman ....... Annapolis, H.F. Gore ........................ 2nd Prep ........ ....---B. A. Gray ........................... 3rd " ........ South Eiver, / H. Green ............................. 1st " ........ Annapolis, " " "E. M. Greenway ............... ; .... 2nd " ........ Baltimore, ·· Geo. Williams Greenway ......... ·• " " ./Charles E. Grimes .................. Freshman ...... . _, J. R. Groves ......................... 3rd Prep ......... Ellicott Ci Ly, " "<T. " 3rd Prep......... Fork Meeting House, Md. .k W. League ....................... :B'reshman .... : .. East Ne\: Market, Syke~ville, " "Randall Hagner ....... : ............. FreRhman ....... Washington, D. C. 'J. D. Haines......................... Sophomore ...... Rising Sun, Md. N. Hardey ........................... 3rd Prep ......... Olarksville, " · Henry D. R.arlau ................... " " ........ Annapolis, " Herbert Harlan ..................... 2nd " ......... " Wm. H. Harlan ..................... Freshman ....... Hopewell Cross Roads, Md. Geo. Hammond ..................... 2nd Prep ........ Annapolis, Md. " R. C. Hammond '· ........ :......... ·• " ........ Ellicott City, Md. J.E. Harrington .•.................. Freshman ....... Cambridge, " J. 0. Harrington .................... 3rd Prep......... " Samuel Hayden ..................... 2nd " ......... Chaptico, H. B. Hayes :....................... 3rd " ......... Oeoilton, R. E. Hayward ...... , .............. 2nd " ......... Cambridge, " · R. G. Henry ........................ Freshman....... " " H. F. Hibben ........................ 3rd Prep ......... Annapolis, " J.B. Hibben ........................ 2nd " .. :...... " " W. Hicks ............................ 3rd " ........ Hillsborough, " ,, Jas, Holland ......................... Freshman ....... Annapolis, " J, Holt................................ 3rdPrep .... , .. ,.Hillsborough, " R.H. Hooper..... ~ .................. Freshman ....... Baltimore, " - Edward Hopkins ................... 2nd Prep........ Annapolis, " P. B. Hopper ....... : ................ 3rd " ........ Centreville, " Wm. S. Horsey ..................... 2nd '· ........ Georgetown, " /J. S. Howard ........................ lst " ........ Washington, " 'l'. C. B. Howard ................... 3rd " ........ Berlin, " . J. J. K. Hynes ..................... 2nd " ........ Ellicott City, " Jas. D. Iglehart ..................... Freshman ....... South River, Md. '-' ":····Washington, D. C. F. W. Irving........................ E. W. Jamar ........................ 1st Prep ......... Elkton, Md. Iredell Johnston .................... Freshman •...... Edenton, N. C. E. M. W. Johnson ................. lst Prep ......... Elkton, Md. POST OFFICE. ,. 'J.·, . • ....... · · • · ••• •• Annapolis Md. ............... 3rd Prep ... ······ " ' " /W P. Levely......... 1st " ········· . Md " B Lockwood .. ·'················ d " Elk Ridge Landmg, · /JM. . ....... 2n ·········· d .,...., y Ludlam .... ··········· d " Hagerstown, M · 3r . ········· · . .aarr ...-;r. K. Lynch......................... Fr;bman ....... Washington, D. c· w. Lynch ....................... . "'11. Lei:k1e .. ···· .. · ·· · I /J: 1st Prep ......... Langley, Y_a. W W Ma ckall ...... ······ ·········S h more _. . . op o ······ Breathedsv1lle, l\id . , / B F. Maddox ......... ··············· lst Prep ......... Frederick, :, · ' :,M. M:antz .'. .. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ard " ......... Robeystown, . H. Marshall ................ ······ " " ...... .'.. Massey's C T Massey .... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · " Prince Frederick, ... .... Annapolis, " ./J. J D Masson ... ·················· " " McGuunigle. '. ................... 2nd " . . . . . . . . . " ~ ~ "' . ii'~. Stat~on, ~.d. . . ' I .A.. :McCullough · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·' st " ......... Forestville, . " / J; F. McGregor.; ................ :::!rd " :::::::::MarriottsviUe, " ,,, R. Maxwell ... ················· " ......... SasRafras, " ,, J. Meginness .. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ········ 1st .. . ....... .'Trappe, " ,,,. S. E. Merriqk .. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ········ 2nd " ......... Poolesville, " ,,.. C. Metzger ... ······ · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 1st Baltimore, "'Oha.s. F. Meyer : .................... 2nd " .........Washington, D. C. ; Jos. Milburn.................... " · ·.:·.·.:::::Hereford, Md. 'C L. Mitchell ....................... '"." ....... Quantico, " Hooversville, Md. "G.eo :M Moore....... ···········:·.. . · " · · . · 1st.. ··· ······ , . " ""R. · Morris ........................ Fre~hman ... : ... Annapolis, s. w. w. I G. W. Munroe................ ······ 2nd Prep........ " / Ja.s. :M. Munroe ..................... " " ........ St. Denis, ,;" E. Murray .. ························· 1st " " . .,..,T. M. Murray ..... ············· .... ._ " " . · · · · Annapohs, Md. lie , K , Nelson,.Jr:................... Fre~hrnan........· ·. Cobham .Station, Va. d p rep · .l'Ungh Ndson ......... ········· ······ 2n . . ./(l K Oliver ................ ········· 1st Prep......... Elkton ' Maryland. d " Annapolis, " · ,/Owen G. Owens .................... . 3r ········· · • · d " /fercival Padgett ... ················· 2nd P rep ....... . Port Tobacco, Annapolis, / 3r A C. Parkinson.... ·················· " ........ Hacrerstown, ./Ji.•Parks ...... ~ ........... ············ 1st " ........ Salisbury, ........ 0 2nd / J T Parsons ... ······ · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · " I; H Patrick ............ ······ ...... 3rd ( .a... :M.• Pennington ········· · · · ······ 2nd " ........ Galena, J. 0 "' Md . " '1 " " �8 CIRCULAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. :l<AMEa. CLASS. POST OFFICE. · Josias Pen~ington · · · · · · · · · · ·· ..... · 2nd Prep··· · · · · · · Ba It" 1 Lewis M. Pindl imore, Maryland. \V. l'inrllo ·e... ·· · · ·· · · · · · ······· 3rd " ····· ... Annapolis, " .lz Taylor p:·dj··--················· " " ........ " " 111 e.................... Sophomore "Gr " " is~an T. Porter ..... ····· ......... 2nd Prep ······Frostbu ········ rg, " i H. H. Quynn · ' · · · · · · ·· · · · · · · · · · ·······Sophomore· ..... Frederick, Md. A. B. Randall 'Blanchard Ra~a~ii········ ......... 3 rd Prep ......... Annapolis, Md . .. J K ··············· 2nd" " T ~:~i!all .. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · " " " " " .iJas. D. Rayfl~i~j .................... 3rd " ......... Galena, ./Q. J. Redden ····················· 2nd " ......... Capeville, Va. ·WR ........................ 3rd" ......... l>enton,Md. / . eese........... ......... ,, • J. L. Richardson · · · ··· ··· " " ······ ... Annapolis, Md. ·· S. A. Richardso~······· ······ ······ " ......... Buckeystown Md ' S. Ridout · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · " " · ········Centreville ' " . .. S. U. Rob~;~~························ lst " ···· ..... Annapolis,' " ··················· · · · ·· 3rd " · · · · · · · · · T yas k"m, ·, A· H. Robertson · " ·· J. W. Robinson ..................... Freshman ....... Port Tobacco, " . 'J ········· ............ 3rd Prep A 1 ' . G. Rogers.................. lst ,, · ········ ?napo is, " · ·· ·· ·· · · · · · · · .. M11Iersville, ·• ,,, J. H. Sands · · E.T. Schoff ......................... 3rd Prep ......... Annapolis, Md. H s ......................... 2nd " ········· • • chwrar...... ...... ....... 1st ., 1 . G. W. Shallcross................. :: 2nd ' Geo. W. Sbaretts....... .. " :: ......... Galena, " ' H. P. Shepherd ···· ······ .. , ...... Baltimore, " 'B. Shipley ..... ,.".".":::··············· " " ........ Cumberland, Md, · Frank W. Shrive ··· ··· ·········Freshman ....... Marriottsville " A. Slamm r ...... ············ 2nd Prep ........ Westminster '" ················ ·· · ··· ··· · ·· 3rd " ··· · · · ·· BI ts ville, ' .A. G. Smith e Frank H. Sto~k~i; · J-··············Freshman ······.Cross Roads, " _,, W. H. Stubbs ' r .. ··········· 3rd Prep.··· ..... .Annapolis, " ........................ 2nd " R" · · J. F. Spencer · · · · · · · ·· ISmg Sun " ·················· · · · · ·· 1st " · · · · · · · ·· .,,-reat Mills,' " o '' D. M. Sprogle ················ ....... 3rd " ········· .Annapohs, . " ,. H. CIRCULAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 0 /w J. E. W. Taneyhill . ················ 2nd Prep....... ;Dunkirk, Md . ./Dennis H. Ta;1~;··················· 3 rd " ........ Annapolis, Md. L. K. Ta !or ...... · · · · · · · · · ·· .. lst " " " Y ....••.....•............ 3ril " " " ,. Thos. 'l'aylor . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " " ,C. M. Taylor " " NAMES. OLASS. POST OFFICE. . 1,.. H. Thomas....................... 3rd Prep ......... Cambridge, Md. : A.. W. Thomas ...................... 1st " ........ Pomonkey, " ........ Cambridge, VH. M. Thomas ...................... Freshman ...•... Pomonkey, /F. H. Thompson .................... 3rd Prep ......... .Annapolis, " " " " / G. Tilton ..... ·.· ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · " , " · · · · · · · · · IP. H. Tuck ........................... Fresbman ....... " .'l'R. L. Thomas ..................... ,.3rd / G. Tydings ........................... 3rd Prep......... " '' " /G.D. Walter ........................ 3rd Prep ......... Tyaskin, Md. ;'Q, E. Warden •...................... " " ......... Washington, D. C. 2· W. Waring ....................... Freshman......... Florence, Md•Md. Warfield ..................... ....... .ii.{), 3rd Prep Nottingham, . .. . /J..• wayson......... .................. " " ......... .Annapol"is, ~J... a. Welling.......................... " " .......... Clarksville, " " ,; J. . H. Wells .......................... " u .......... Annapolis, " :.-.l';r, L. Wells ................. ········· " " ' . " / p, 0. White, ........................ 1st "· " " Iv.. B. Whit~ ........................ Freshman....... " C.-White........................ " ....... Davidsonville," ::/J.M. Wilkinson .................. ;3rd Prep ......... Hillsborough, " ;./Albert Williams ..................... Freshman ....... Doncaster, " •:;..,.. 4_itliur Williarns .................... 3rd Prep .....•.•. Davidsonville, " •-~ A. Wilmer........................ Sophomore ...... Port 'l'obacco, " Iµ. . ! I. S. Wilson .......................... 1st Prep ......... Upper Marlboro', Md. :yJ,·E. Wilson ....................... 2nd " ......... Denton, Md. I . ~ "'w, H• W"l ~on....................... ", " ......... Easton, " : H. B. Wirt ........................... 1St " ... ....... Elkton, " ~,/ J, S.. Wirt ..... , ..................... Freshman....... " " l B. Worthington ..........-........... 3rd Prep ......... Birdsville, Md.. ' 't( S. Worthington ................. Freshman ....... South River, Md. ~ f D. Wright ........................ 3rd Prep ......... Centreville, /.w, 0 ")"ua.c B. Young ..................... 2nd Prep ........ Funkstown, Md. Total. .................................................. 225 9 �CIRCULAR .OF ST.. JOHN'S COLL.:JTIGE. ftJ@~:p·tdM~ !l:f tht ~t~~lt1ittitJd ~£~r, 1869-70. ~~tJaUJO~I it~d ~ft~~~. BT. JoHN's OoLLEGE £ d d . endowed by the State, or°un e m t~e year 1784, and h . Maryland, Is pleasantly situated at Annapol" .c . Is, on t. e banks of th S ·· e evern Ri.ver a iew m1les from th· Oh · e esapeake B h" .. . ' view. Its buildings th . . ay, w Ich rs rn full ' we11 constructed fior· th ree m numb er, are 1'arge and f ' . dJacent grounds afford e accommod·~ t" .. rnn o yo:uth. Its a am le the waters of th S P fac1hties for exercise and . ' . . e evern for b th. s1tuat10n is_ eminently healthy. a mg and boat.mg. The Annapolrn has rail road . . more and, Washin t th co~.mumcat10ns with Baltib t . . g on ree tunes a d . d ·1 oa c~mmunications with Balti ay, a1 y steamconnect10ns with all t f h more, and telegraphic par s 0 t e country. ~.OMUt· ~t ~hvtiy The Preparatory De artme , . classes, entitled' 1st 2 ~ nt of the College has three of studies. Gradua~esnof ~~: according to the grade Preparatory Class, who pass a satisfactory exam· t. sion into the Freshman ~~a ion, are qualified for admisThe Collegiate D . ass of the Coilege. 1st, The regular Acad . C embraces t. ree courses: epartment h · em1c ourse o · an d pursued in the Fr h ' ccupymg four years · man Semor Classes, entitlines th ' Sophomore, J unior and' .. Class, who shall pass a ~atis; graduates _of the Senior degree _of Bachelor of Arts. ac1:; examination, to the embracmg studies in the diffi ' The Select Course, erent classes, according to i::, 11 the option 0£ parents, and entitling the student., who shall sustain a satisfactoq mrnmination .in any special study, to the degree of Proficient in that study. 3.rd, The pqiS:t-Graduate Course, prescribed for .students who a9 pire to ,the degree of Master of Arts, which ,is conferred only on such graduates of the regular academic course as shall pursue for two years, at the College or elsewhere, a course of study assigned by the F!l..cu1ty, and who shall furnish satisfactory evidence of their proficiency in said course, hy submitting to the Faculty, ~t designated periods, such written theses as may be specifically required of each candidate for said degree. The degree of Master of Arts is not conferred in course, but , only on the evidence of satisfactory aittainments in advanced studies. A course of instruction in military tactics and exercises is open to all students who voluntarily as~me the duties of the military organization. In this department there are two classes. The members of the first class wear a uniform and constitute the military companies proper. The members of the second class, thol'.gh organized into companies, are not required to wear a uniform, but are exercised in such portions of the U. S. Tactics and free gymnastics, as will promote their physical development, and make them desirable candid.ates for admission into the 1st class. Vocal and Instrumental Music is taught at a special J ; charge, on terms arranged between Students and the .PJiofossor of Music. t. ji I · ·The regular examinations for admission into the ·OolJege or the Preparatory Department are held on the �12 CIRCULAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 13 OIRCULA.R OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. Monday and Tuesday preceding the first Wednesday of October in each year. All candidates for admission are requested to be present on those days. Satisfactory evidence of good moral character must be furnished by Oach applicant, and if he comes from another College he must present a certificate of honorable discharge. Candidates for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, in order to obtain admission to the Freshman Olaas, must, unless they have passed through the regular course in the Preparatory Department, sustain an examination in the following studies : English Grammar; Modern Geograpliy; Arithmetic; Algebra, to Quadratic Equations; Geometry, .llrst two books; Hadley's or Kiilmer's Greek Grammar; Greek Reader; Xenophon's AnabaRis; Hark11e8ti·'s Latin Grammar; Caibar's Commentaries, or some equivalent; :Sallust; Virgil; Latin and Greek Composition, Candidates for admission to any higher class must be examined in all propose to enter. the previous studies of the class they Students purauing a Select Course ruay enter any classes for which they are fitted, the number of their studies being subject to the direction of the Faculty. Candidates for admission into the Preparatory llepartment must be well grounded in the elements of a Primary English Education. . .Arilhmetic.-Davies' New .School. .. History.-Tenney s. Ntmi.ral !l's ihograpky.-Cor~e . old's First Latin Book: .,.._,_. -Harkness .Arn. u-•n.ariskip.- (S ~sencenan )- and Map Drawing. . ili,,;;,.111 ' "' .,.. n osition. JIJnglish upmp PA.R!\.TORY OLA.SS. SECOND PRE • Elocution.-Continued. Dictation Exercises. . &ading and ' School .A lysis· word Parsm.,, Loaical .Analysis. Dictionary; . r,. . o BpeUing._ worcester s ' , . k Grammar.-Greene's na . lJJng.is ti . Davies, Uni vers1ty. bitkme c.- . , N ew Elementary. Davies Aln~bra.- I' h -Corne! s. , GMil{J'l'ap y. acken bos's United State~. Q , History.- · u Bryan t & Stratton s. Book-Keeping.- 's Seco nd Latin Book. . Harkness Latm.'s First Book. Greek.-Harkne~~ nd Penmanship. l' h Oomposition a DPll JDng is FIRST PREPA.RA.TORY CLASS. ·1 Readinas by Pup1 s,. Lectures by Professor. Blocution.-Select ' "' S . Student's Hume. . D:"""-'.-Quackenboss U. ". 'Text-Books in each. _....,,11 d .Al bra -Davies . 'L " ndre Arif,hmetic an. ge d ond Books a~~_,,..,, -First an t· ecVirgi'l's """' of Davies Four B.ooks·' Harkness's ""neid ' First e.,e q'DVl•••w11· ll h S ~·mar, Hadley's 801~;mposition; Clhass~c5a~~=~=:~~ :~lections from Minor Wn.~~:~:~~:Grammar,. Xenop onC osition. ~ ~.P'o.ets·' Homer begun; G~eek PErose .o~fstorical and Biographical A.b~ .. :;t¥h Oomposition.-O·igmal ssays, I ~· ~il1Utglatt ~OUl'St ,, cftuditS, FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARTS. ---------- THIRD PREPARATORY CLASS. Reading and Elocution.-Exercises in Articulation, Orthoepy, Force, Intonation, and Measure; Concert and Individual Readi~g, Spelling.- '1Vorcester's School Dictionary. ~uskmau ~nass. FIRST TEBM. Greek -Homer's Iliad continued; Greek Antiquities; My th I y· Greek 0 og ' · Prose Composition; H adl ey's Grammar. . . d· Cicero's Select Orat' . Livy·' Roman 10ns, Latin.-Virgil's 1Eneid conti~~: '. Harkness's Grammar. . . . Latin Prose Composi ion, A.nt1qmt.1es; �15 14 1. i OlROULA,iR .OF BT. JOHN 1,B CQLJ;.EGE.• Mathematics.-Algebra continued (Davies' Bourdon.) English Studies.'-mocution; Grouping of Speech; Exercises in Inter.v.als of the Musical Scale; Melody; Reading; Recitation and Declamation. English Language and Literat]lre; Latham'.s Hand-Book; Baldeman's Affixes; Trench on the Study of Wordi!; English,, Past and Present; English Literature of the XIXth Century; English History; Lectures and Readings by the Professor. English Composition; Biographies of the XIXth·Century; English Authors; Criticisms on their Works; Abstracts of Professor's Lectures; Original.Essays on subjects assigned and analyzed by the Erofessor. SE00ND TERM, Greek.-Herodotus; Selections from Odyssey; Greek .Antiquities and Composition continued. Latin.-Livy continued; Odes and Epodes of Borace; Roman Antiquities and Latin Compo8ition continued. Mathematics.-Geometry continued, (Davies' Le,gendre;) Original Problems. FJnglish Studies.-Continued as in first term. FIRST TERM. ii '' .' ! I I: ~ : I Greek.-Xenophon's Memorabilia; Play of Euripides, (Alcestis or 'Medea;) History of Greek Literature, (Professor's Lectures;) Gt·eek Composition. Latin.-Horace's Satires; Cicero de Senectute; Hist01y of Latin Literature, (Professor's Lectures;) Latin Composition. Mathematics .-Logarithms reviewed; Ttigonometr'ical 'Tables; Flain' Trigonometry, Practical and Analytical; Mensuration of Plane Surfaces; Otiginal Problems; (Text-Books; Davies' Legendre; Chauvenet's Trigonometry; Loomis.) English Studies.-Elocution; Vocal Signs of Emotions, with Readings of appropriate Extracts from Dramatists, especially Shakespeare; Recitation and Declamation. English Language and Literature; Lectures on English Philology by the Professo1·; Authors of the XVIIIt>h Century, with Lectures and Readings; Anglo-Saxon begun; Vernon's Guide to the Anglo-Sa;x:on Tongue; lElfric's Homily on the Birth-Day of St. Gregory; A. S. Gospels; English and French History, with Lectures. English Composition; Biogr11:phies of XVIIlth Century, Authors, Criticisms on their Books; Abstracts of Professor's Lectures; Original Essays. 'I SECOND TERM. Greek.-Krito and Apologia of Plato; Lucian's Dial~gues; Greek Compo~ sition continued; Lectures on Greek LiteratU!"8. . Latin.-Horace's Epistles; Cicero's Epistolre ad Atticum., (selections,) or . . , . osition, cou.ti:flued; Lee. tAnd?ia;)' Lat1n Comp . te· Pl icy of Teren<ie, \ . 1}e g9nectn ' Literatute', . ·nuonometl'Yi Mlensun;t1-on of tnrell on Latt~ -Solid Geotnetry; SpbenDca~ s'; ;bauvenet's, ji,{)om1i:s~.)' ]t{athefl'l.a ics. . 'Pext~Bookt: . a:vie ' ..., · . . al l'roblems, \ . , filoUd~; Origin . Continued as in first teim. Ji}nglish Studies - 1u1d0t ~ta-~. :FJBl!T TE'Rolt· . • Play of Sophocles, 1 t' s from Timreus, , Phredo and se ec ion c osition. (heek.-Platos A'ax or Pbiloctetes;) Greek. omb· . de Officiis; Latin Edipus Tyrannus, J ../. • l nre and Academ1cre; icero . Qurestiones J. uscu a r,atin . . d Levell1ng· InstruCoinposition.. Tb ory of Equations; Sur'V'e.ym~(~ t-Book11:· D~vies' and . Practical exercises, ez Mal}te111atics .- e .. 1 h . pract1ca use, ments and t ell' . h of the num:l.D Voice: Loomis'.) . El cntion· Rush on the l'hllosop y Ji}nglish Studies.-:- E~alisb ~nd American OratoryE. ,.. b Philology by the "' L tures on ng,is ' Ohironomia; .A.uetins and Literature; ~c C 't'cal Readings from English ~a~:ua;~f XVIlth and XVltb QenttirY~ M~~t~n (with Lectures;) ?rofessor; Au or Ta lor Hooker, an Spenser, Jeremy Y ' • 1!. d French History. . Shakespeare, 1 S xonica· Enghsu an A b rs· 0rgamc 's Analecta Ang o- a .' f XVIlth C)eutury' ut o ' . l Thotpe. Ci . ition• Biograpb1es o 0 . . l Essays on M1scel a"Engllsh ompas Professor's Lectures, ngina Criticisms, Abstracts o . . neons Subjects. on History and Pri:nc1ples. f Mor al Philosophy.-Lectures ND TERM. C sEOO d·) Thucydides; Greek . om. f ,ZEscliylus, (PromethelJ.8 .Boun , Greek - PlB>Y 0 •• .. . ·) Latin Composition. s1'ons· Descriptive Geoposition. J n•l· Pla" o1 Plautus, (,OaphlleB>,d' Lathl.- uve a ' ., t ' of two 1men ' . ' An . t' --Analytical Geome ry Pl . Problems· Dames a..M~ll ws. . ' Elementary a1n ' tnetrY. Te11ll" .Books: Warr en s J.yticai Geometry. and Ohemisiry.-Lectures. Natura'£. Plril:cmyphy . ed in first term· · 1JngZi1ih Studies contmu as f Ctit.ical Study-(Lectmes.)· Jli,etor.y.-'Metbods and Sources. o . FIRST• TERM. . ,_UB. .. nit from the Repu'/iUc and p'Ji<M; Greek·-Plato's ThecetetM and Se~tw . . 8 ((Ji.Gil.dB and Bir<ls.) .. Plays of Anstop~~n.e · . . Latin q 0mpolnt10n.. Latin.-Quintihan; Pets1Ul!1 ' �16 CIRCULAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. Mathematics.-Differential and Integral Calculus; Analytical Geometry of three dimensions; (Text-Books; Davies', Loomis' and Courtenay.) Natural Philosophy and Ohemistry.-Lectures. Logic.-(Thomson and Sir William Hamilton.) Evidences of Ohristianity.-Lectures. En!Jlish Studies.-Elocution, Rhetoric, and JEsthetics; Original Orations. English Language and Literature; Lectures on the early development of the English Language; Authors of the XVth, XIVth, and XIIIth Century; Morris' Specimens of early English, 1250-1400; Selections from A. S. Chronicle and the Poems of Beowulf; the Gothic Gospels, by Ulphilas. SECOND TERM. Greek.-Selections from Demosthenes' Orations, and Aristotle's Ethics and Politics. Datin.-Tacitus and Lucretius. Mathematics.-c-Mechanics, (Smith,) Astronomy, (Loomis, Olmsted;) Fortification. Mental Philosophy.-Lectures on History and Principles. Social Science.-Lectures on History and Principles, including Political Economy and Constitutional Law. Philosophy of History.-Lectures on the different Systems or Theories. In the several Courses of Lectures above indicated the following are some of the works of reference which will be cited and apprecfa.ted by the Professor under each head: Moral PhilosfJphy and Evidences of Ohristianity.-Butler's Analogy and Ethical Discours~s; Jouffroy; Conant; Coleridge's Aids to Reflection; Mansel's Limits; Pa8cal; Paley's Natural Theology; Leslie's Short and Easy Method; Merivale's Conversion of Roman Empire and of the Northern Nations; Milman's Latin Christianity; Prideaux and Shuckford; Horne's Introduction; Chalmers' Discourses. Political Economy.-Adam Smith; Malthus; Say; Carey; Bastiat and Mill. Mental Philosophy.-Plato; Aristotle; Cicero; Zeller's Philos. der Griechen; Aquinas; Kaulich's Geschichte der Scholastischen Philos.; Bacon; Descartes' Method; Spinosa: Lock; Reid; Kant's Kritik; Fichte; Schelling; Hegel; Gioberti; Sir Wm. Hamilton's Lectures; McCosh's Intuitions; Cbalybaus's Entwickelung der Spec. Philos.; Cousin's Lectures; Tyler's History of Pbilos. Social Science.-A.ristotle's Politics; Montesquieu; Bodin; Dove's Science of Politics; Brougham's Pol. Philos.; Hallam's and May's Const. History; Guizot; De Tocqueville; Lieber; Story. Philosophy of History.-St. Augustine's De Civitate Dei; Yico; Bossuet; Buchez; Balmes; Balbo; Systems of F. Schlegel, Herder, Fichte, Schelling, Hegel, Bunsen, Guizot, Buckle, Lecky: It will be observed that the readings of the Classical Professor in Greek and Latin are so selected and arranged as to shed light on the nature and order of the studies pursued under the above heads. -· - ~RCULAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. ~lt' till.lt attd -------- ~~trc~ ltuditi$ im ~ttM ~ta:s~. . Cours de Rbiitorique Fran9aise, pe~, Yeru10lles. French.-lsT CLASS: La Poudre aux Yeux; L'Avare de Mollere. . , ' F h Grammar and French Conversat10ns; Otto s renc 2ND De Fi vas' Classic Reader· " Sanders' Ollendorf. . 3RD . Adi " Reader Schiller; Goethe and Lessmg. Otto's Grammar' . er s ' (}errnan.- . . d versatiou. · . EJ(ercises in wntmg_ an c;nh ol of recruit and company; Bayonet exercise~, Military Instruction.- d~to. Theoretical Instruction of officers; Upton s Target pract'.ce; Camp y' ",'chool of recruit wit).iout . I nf an try Tactics. Exercises in Phys1cal Cu1tl1re,· " . Gymnastics - guns. ~@i$t-~ra~ba~t~ ~@Uti$t ~t Jtaulit~. -Graduate course of studies, extendmg throug_h The Post d ursued at the College or elsewhere, is tw~ years, a~h PFaculty to candidates for the degree of assigned fb~ t e This course will relate mainly to or:en Mast~r o . :1~· departments of physical, literary, ~h1lo <fl'estions m 1 t' . . qu1'ry and theses in each will be lo . l r specu a ive m ' . g1ca 'bod to candidates according to the curre_nt aspe_cts prescn e d . t" ation in the most mterestmg f . ce an mves ig . h t d and thought. In the ass1gno scien br1wches of uman s u y d 'll also be had to the t of these theses regar w1 h men . d' of the individual candidate, that t e favorite st~ :es 1 . . in each may be duly encourspuit of ongma mqmry aged. ~stamh~~thnl:S\ ~ud ltpinrct:s1. Monthly examinations are held on all st~diet~ in all f ery month Examma 10ns on c1ai:,ses at the cl ose 0 ev ·. b ld t the the studies of the .entire term or year are e a close of each term or year. h l "mi-annual reports respecting eondu~t and sc o arS " d s of students ship are rendered to the parents or guar rnn �!-----------------------18 -~ CIRCULAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. - CIRCULAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. --------------------- ----------------.,--------------. ------------ at the end of each term. Any pupil whose examinations, at the close of a term, shall evince an incapacity on his part to pursue, with advantage, the studies of the class to which he had previously been assigned, will have offered to him, at the opening of the next term, an opportunity to retrieve his lost position, and in default of doing so be will be reduced to a lower class. All students are required to attend public worship on Sundays at such church as their parents or guardians may direct. The principles and duties of the Christian Religion will be constantly enforced in the teachings and in the discipline of the College, but no instruction whatever is given, or influence exerted, in the interest of any particular denomination of Christians. ~,er~1u amtl ~&~~Jilthun~. The Annual Commencement of the ColJege takes place on the last Wednesday in July. The College year begins on the first Wednesday in October, and ends on the last Wednesday in July. The year is divided into two egual terms. The regular vacations extend from the last W ednesday in July to the first Wednesday in October; from the 23rd of December to the first Monday in January; and from Good Friday to the Monday following, both inclusive. The 22nd of February and the 4th of July are holidays, as also the Day of Public Thanksgiving, appointed by the Governor of Maryland, or by the President of the United States. /1_ I1 t I I I £ charae ior the entire scholastic t b . . 0 year, e o h fi t Wednesday m co er beginning on t tehe lrs t Wednesday in Julv, is $250.00 as • d ding 011 an en .. all the ordinary College ~xpens~s This amount covers d t be invariably paid semit t books an mus f h except for ex , h t . $125 at the opening o t e 11 ·, advence t a 18 • f th annua y i~ , b ~ and $125 at the openmg o e ·fi t term m Octo e ' £ 11owrng. This great · rs the first of March o second. term, expenses is ren dered possible only by i:eason on . f . f reduct10n o. 000) which the College receives rom of the annuity ($15, . .ll be made except for proState. N 0 deductions ':i the . used by sickness. tracted absence, ca 1 h. ·11 be furnished at the t. b and cot mg w1 Books, st~ ionery . . funds shall be deposited y lowest possibl.e rates if b t no advances will be made paren ts for this purpose, u . Th ~ubHr l\W~r~lbtfip. The exercises of each day are opened with prayer m the College Hall. 19 -~ byThe College. fees of stu d en t s who reside in Annapolis the tuition are as follows : In the Preparatory D epart me nt , for each .term, $30.00 . payable in advance, · · .· · .for. ea~h term, In the Collegiate Department, 45.00 _payable in adv~nce, There are no ext ra charges ' except as follows: Copy of the Laws of the College,. . . . Seat in Church, per term, . d. f .1 f Proficient, at gra ua 10n, ... Dip oma of B ac helor oif Arts ' at graduat10n, o Diploma $0.25 $1.50 $5.00 $10.00 . . d .t f $5 is mad e a t the opening of each year, t A eposi who reside m t h e College, in order to mee o . . by students �20 CIRCULAR OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. the contingent expense of damage done to the College property. Wilful damage will be made the ground of additional charge to be defrayed by the perpetrator. ~Mb'ht ~dtoh!r:slhip:s. A system of one hundred and fifty State Scholarships has been founded by the Board of Visitors and Governors of St. John's College on the annual donation of $15,000 received by the College from the State. Each of these Scholarships entitles the holder, in whose name it is issued, to exemption from the payment of room rent and tuition fees, if, on examination, he is found qualified to enter any class in the Preparatory Department or College. The Preparatory Department corresponds, in the scope and quality of its studies, to a High School. Each Senatorial District of the State is entitled to six of these Scholarships, which are filled by .the School Commissioners of each District; and in case more than six shall be nominated from any District, the Faculty will select the six best qualified to enter the Institution. All Scholars thus selected are required to conform to the rules and regulations of the College. In addition to tuition and room rent, the College authorities engage during the coming year to furnish board in the College Commons, (including fuel, lights, washing and text-books,) to. all incumbents of State Scholarships at the rate of $175 per annum, payable in advance, in semi-annual instalments of $87.50 at the beginning of each term in the scholastic year. Books, furnished to the holder of a State Scholarship, if damaged or lost, will be charged to him at their full cost. An. inspection of 'such Books is made every month. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Annual Catalogue of St. John's College, at Annapolis, Maryland, for the Academic Year 1868-9; and Prospectus of Studies for the Academic Year 1869-70. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource College Catalogs and Statements of the Program Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St. John's College Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Description An account of the resource Statements of the Program are published each Academic Year. They provide an overview of the program and historical information about the college. The titles of these publications have changed over the course of the College's history. From the 19th century through 1971 they were titled Catalogue. During this period, some Catalogues were distributed as issues of The Bulletin of St. John's College. The title changed from Catalogues to Statement of the Program with the 1972-1973 publication. Also included in this collection are Graduate Institute catalogs and promotional publications about the St. John's program. Click on <a title="College Catalogues" href="https://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?tags=College+catalog&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CDate">Items in the College Catalogs and Statements of the Program Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context collegecatalogs Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Page numeration Number of pages in the original item. 20 pages Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource St. John's College Title A name given to the resource Annual Catalogue of St. John's College, at Annapolis, Maryland, for the Academic Year 1868-9; and Prospectus of Studies for the Academic Year 1869-70. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1869 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource text Language A language of the resource English Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this publication. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Baltimore, MD Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available William K. Boyle's Steam Press Description An account of the resource College catalog for the years 1868-1869 Catalog Catalogue College catalog https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/efaec76afb9332679860fd5600225b8b.jpg 71eaba860a66c6e53c16e0a1b64148b9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Image Collection—Annapolis Description An account of the resource The Greenfield Library Image Collection houses over 5,000 photographs, postcards, drawings, and other graphic materials. The images in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. To learn more about the Greenfield Library's archives use policy or to obtain high-resolution images, please see the <a title="Image Collection Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Image Collection Use Policy</a>. Click on <a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Image Collection—Annapolis Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. John's College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource St. John's College Greenfield Library Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context imagecollectionannapolis Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data albumen print Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image image 10.5 x 15.5 ; on mount 10.5 x 16 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SJC-P-0007 Title A name given to the resource Portrait of Henry Barnard Description An account of the resource 1 albumen print Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Annapolis, MD Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1870 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Prescott Type The nature or genre of the resource still image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Subject The topic of the resource St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.). -- Presidents. Portraits Barnard, Henry, 1811-1900. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph. Presidents