1
20
5444
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographic Archive—Annapolis
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Greenfield Library photographic archive houses over 5,000 photographs. The photographs in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. The Library’s mission is to organize and preserve these unique visual materials, and to provide access to this collection. </p>
To learn more about our photographic use policy or to obtain high resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Photographic Archive Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Photographic Archive Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Photographic Archive—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Greenfield Library
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
photographicarchiveannapolis
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
25 x 20 cm.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJC-P-1710
Title
A name given to the resource
Convocation Ceremony in the Francis Scott Key Auditorium, Annapolis, Maryland
Contact sheet of Commencement in the Francis Scott Key Auditorium
Description
An account of the resource
1 sheet : 17 prints from 35mm film : b&w
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Unknown
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Still Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph.
Commencement
Convocation
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographic Archive—Annapolis
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Greenfield Library photographic archive houses over 5,000 photographs. The photographs in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. The Library’s mission is to organize and preserve these unique visual materials, and to provide access to this collection. </p>
To learn more about our photographic use policy or to obtain high resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Photographic Archive Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Photographic Archive Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Photographic Archive—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Greenfield Library
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
photographicarchiveannapolis
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
25.5 x 20.5 cm.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
photograph
Resolution
Resolution of the image in dpi.
600 dpi
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJC-P-0411
Title
A name given to the resource
Female Student Typing on a Typewriter in her Dormitory Room
Exterior View of Campbell Hall
Campbell Hall Dormitory Room and Bed, St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland
Contact sheet of Students Studying in a Common Room in Campbell Hall
Description
An account of the resource
1 sheet : 4 proof prints : b&w
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Warren, M. E.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1954-12
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
still image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Subject
The topic of the resource
Campbell Hall (St. John's College, Annapolis, MD) 1954.
Campbell Hall
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographic Archive—Annapolis
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Greenfield Library photographic archive houses over 5,000 photographs. The photographs in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. The Library’s mission is to organize and preserve these unique visual materials, and to provide access to this collection. </p>
To learn more about our photographic use policy or to obtain high resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Photographic Archive Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Photographic Archive Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Photographic Archive—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Greenfield Library
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
photographicarchiveannapolis
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
25 x 20 cm.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJC-P-2445
Title
A name given to the resource
Lecture in Francis Scott Key Auditorium, St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland
Contact sheet of Meeting in McDowell Hall
Description
An account of the resource
1 sheet
11 proof prints from 35 mm film : b&w
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Unknown
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Still Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph.
McDowell Hall
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographic Archive—Annapolis
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Greenfield Library photographic archive houses over 5,000 photographs. The photographs in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. The Library’s mission is to organize and preserve these unique visual materials, and to provide access to this collection. </p>
To learn more about our photographic use policy or to obtain high resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Photographic Archive Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Photographic Archive Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Photographic Archive—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Greenfield Library
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
photographicarchiveannapolis
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
20.5 x 25.5 cm.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJC-P-1714
Title
A name given to the resource
Men Surveying and Cutting Down Trees on Front Campus, Annapolis, Maryland
Contact sheet of Edwin J. Delattre and Mrs. Delattre at a Party in the Great Hall
Description
An account of the resource
1 sheet : 32 prints from 35mm film : b&w
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1980-1989 [circa]
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Unknown
Subject
The topic of the resource
Delattre, Edwin J.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Still Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph.
Presidents
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographic Archive—Annapolis
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Greenfield Library photographic archive houses over 5,000 photographs. The photographs in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. The Library’s mission is to organize and preserve these unique visual materials, and to provide access to this collection. </p>
To learn more about our photographic use policy or to obtain high resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Photographic Archive Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Photographic Archive Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Photographic Archive—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Greenfield Library
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
photographicarchiveannapolis
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
20.5 x 12.5 cm.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJC-P-1704
Title
A name given to the resource
Men Tying a Rope around the Liberty Tree, Annapolis, Maryland
Contact sheet of Students Playing Basketball in Iglehart Hall
Description
An account of the resource
1 sheet : 13 prints from 35mm film : b&w
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Unknown
Subject
The topic of the resource
St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.). -- Students.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Still Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph.
Iglehart Hall
Liberty tree
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographic Archive—Annapolis
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Greenfield Library photographic archive houses over 5,000 photographs. The photographs in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. The Library’s mission is to organize and preserve these unique visual materials, and to provide access to this collection. </p>
To learn more about our photographic use policy or to obtain high resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Photographic Archive Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Photographic Archive Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Photographic Archive—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Greenfield Library
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
photographicarchiveannapolis
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
20.5 x 25.5 cm.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJC-P-1713
Title
A name given to the resource
Side View of Mcdowell Hall with Students
Students Playing Soccer on Back Campus, Annapolis, Maryland
Contact sheet of Richard D. Weigle and Faculty in front of Woodward Hall Library
Description
An account of the resource
1 sheet : 34 prints from 35mm film : b&w
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Unknown
Subject
The topic of the resource
Weigle, Richard Daniel 1912-
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Still Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph.
Honorary Alumni
Presidents
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographic Archive—Annapolis
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Greenfield Library photographic archive houses over 5,000 photographs. The photographs in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. The Library’s mission is to organize and preserve these unique visual materials, and to provide access to this collection. </p>
To learn more about our photographic use policy or to obtain high resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Photographic Archive Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Photographic Archive Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Photographic Archive—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Greenfield Library
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
photographicarchiveannapolis
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
20.5 x 25.5 cm.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJC-P-1712
Title
A name given to the resource
Students in the Woodward Hall Library
Alumni in Mellon Hall, Annapolis, Maryland
Contact sheet of Faculty in the Quad
Description
An account of the resource
1 sheet : 16 prints from 35mm film : b&w
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Heitner, Sheldon C.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Still Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph.
Alumni
Mellon Hall
Woodward Hall Library
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Photographic Archive—Annapolis
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Greenfield Library photographic archive houses over 5,000 photographs. The photographs in the collection document the history, academic, and community life of St. John’s College. The Library’s mission is to organize and preserve these unique visual materials, and to provide access to this collection. </p>
To learn more about our photographic use policy or to obtain high resolution images, please see the <strong><a title="Photographic Archive Use Policy" href="http://www.sjc.edu/academic-programs/libraries/greenfield-library/policies/#photographicarchivepolicy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Library’s Photographic Archive Use Policy</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Photographic Archives" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=7">Items in the Photographic Archive—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Greenfield Library
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
photographicarchiveannapolis
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
20.5 x 25.5 cm.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Photograph
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJC-P-1706
Title
A name given to the resource
Students Playing Football on Back Campus, Annapolis, Maryland
Contact sheet of Students Playing Basketball in Iglehart Hall
Description
An account of the resource
1 sheet : 31 prints from 35mm film : b&w
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Unknown
Subject
The topic of the resource
St. John's College (Annapolis, Md.). -- Students.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Still Image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
St. John's College owns the rights to this photograph.
Iglehart Hall
-
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PDF Text
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Pag e 8
ST,. JOHN°S COLLEGIAN
THOMAS CRANMER OF CANTERBURY
In any discussion of Thomas Cranmer of
r"
The twin hungers are loosed ,· an
one mus t be willing~ nay eager,, ·
amphibu.an shape
to allow tchat ih eire is more . !!:~anisan than
monsfrous!y c11awls f1rom dunge ons
mee ts ihe casual perusaL •For h ere , ·Com~
of nered"""r!,"
p ressed into a niber of th e incudent" Charles
Williams has shown us what is to be seen in a nd la ter~
just s uch a developement" :And mo.re, ·there
is here to be read · the· altogether napid
""~,r~uf! .woe. woe to any who s ee
.firidex that Williams ;; ·w ith · his eye; presents
not where the words go
,r,P
to us (with ouir eyes)". :
1
Cante;rb~ry~
·,,
0
The -. opening scene makes this clear. · th.rows little light on the author~s intentions . ·
Clearer perhaps than the embrotic . closing Bur: then, divining our conditipn~ .Williams •• ~· :
.scenes . :. Oearer . evn than ·the . play itself. · or is it fate ? ~,~elucidates . Like a shot lik~ .
From the contrasts of the opening scene 011e · a bolt, ' like · a cold thrust of irridescent
is tarkled and tivernated · by .t he panorama aluminum in a warm sop of velvet brown~ ,
unfolding • .
·
impersonal as a scalpel , ·with the . noncha"
"'In t he .begi nning was the Word, · ,
lant directness of a tired diter=naught hum~
The .Woud was with God and the Word
ming placidly as it wends its way among the
, flock of trivia that is the focus of its being ·
and (O Paradox) the being · of its focus ~ .
Summed up in
scant lines is not blurred perhaps at the edges yet . with an
. only the whole .omnkase of the central di~ ominous clarir:y, we know that it i s past and
' lemna, but J:he .ambitude and cenrism of.J:he irretrievably gone. Nothing we, Williams, the
human- condition. ·And when they £.eceive Archbishop,
not even the cakiUmed out-, .
ilinlentionality, and e\'i>n audibility, as Cran· line of forbidding interstices...·.. the F i gura
mer iritones them die.it reality becomes a Rarnm~ • an make it more clear o r less irree
c
9
promise .and ·q uite vice<·versa. .
tdevable. · Or conversly • more trievable, ·
The story is diti'ained~ ·the ·central char~ And the triad moves on ! 9
·
Picture now, if you will ;; .t he whole speer
acl!:er po.rsid., .. and -Certainly these · are con-·
trasted witl\ the Skeleton with as much proc , tacle. Listen, il you will~ to d~e cacaphony. ~
titude as ahyone thus . constituteq and thus Observe, ,if you will ;; ·the frantic Lords and ·
disposed can ever assemble, Note the
desperate Commoners . : Reca11 , , why
trasts between them. ·Then the similarities you~ · the colours and implications. · Don ~t
as the mind is turned to each in: its turn o ,The they blend into a stunningabligate? Does
effEct is .of an abligate wholly contained and no< your soul quicken <o the Inesperity?
infinidy expandirigo :·Embracing all with the Isn 2 t it all one mad provate of transosis? To
injudiciousness of a lacteron (and cer~ainly say less would beg the issueo To say more
this does not stretch the point!) .
would boas t it. To say nothing, ,ccaye theres
With mas terly control~~and alas uncontrol~ the rub i; (Shakespeare)P , would be the u}
led master.y:--,the author has time race by and treme expressfon of the paradox, · ·
the godly and ungodly join in .a frantic kne,,.
And Io, , women are not eXceplicated
kle .of imprudence. Purposeful and certairily . Therein the nastiness of it all
fateful. But a kne.rkle nonetheless (and lee
Then Henry dies . ·
the . audience never
· What has been written here to illuminate
From .<he time Henry commands, , '';,;your the first act, ,might with equal impidity he
tasks" '~ and the Archbishop does . ·the sta,ge said of the second. ·
is, And so is the audience. AU is hushed by
But to those who
To chose I
an inaudible stillness ,, ;and the latter
must sayP eci disagree
I must perforce
€:Olnes one w.i.~ tdi_e fomier whilsl!: the former disagiree with those· who wruld have it other ..
goes on -quiteunconcemedly
is. fVise ' with those who are .so tarkled by the
Ti me moves on, With _purposefulne ss, and seed of retruity and inespere !!:n es s that they
a~ times wfrh hesitation But it is signifkant can ' t see a simple rapifoirm when it is not
i!:hat it always moves! What could W
iUiams only prespered to them~ ·but gropped on a
ha.we had in mind? Certainly· the Skeleton silver kis~er, Damnk :
9
t~ese
nay~
con~
don~t
·
forg·et~~IMPRUDE.NT).
be~
heing ~whatit
0
disagree~
back.~"
Sandek
Prime
Kinematicianc
Lord Prufrock
THE ASCENT OF MAN AND THE ORIGIN OF THE FECES
or
A SMELL y LITT LE CAMPUS
.
t its last diurnal conflux~ di.s=
Th St Johnis Student Polity.~ a
s· the Administration
e .
11
finances . mce
.
cussed the problem of co. e!: hands of the students the ~oh~y
of the College has .been m
t daily for five or six hours m t e d
has found it exped1:-nt toh~1~e as. reached after much debate an
all
.
Great H t a decis ion. w 1c 1thP Electric Ltgh t C 0 mp any ' Yester=
£ w
.
d
concluded only by. action :f ;rticular note as somethrng was e
day ' s conte s seratton was
p
?
cided.
t which opened the mee t" g ~ sev·~ .
m
1
After the Treasurer s Repor ~
h"
had to be done . One or
. al students concluded that somelt i~g s~ke voiced the opinion
er·
1
lk d for dia ecttcs
'
ld ot
two , who obvious y ta e
Golden Age , students cou n_ .
t bat with all due respect to the .
d that if the present cr1s1s
i
t
f their education an
l"
ld
a the full costs o
.
of the present po tty cou
p y et by raising fees agam many f
1 $50 would bring the
was m
ested increase o on y
.
Th" was gen~
not return . (The sugg
$3500 annually. )
ts
d t to an even
.
d
ost
total costs per ~ u en h theory that if they really ha to, m h .
erally shouted down on t e
without serious danger to t etr
stud ents Co uld clip another coupon
•llliili~ finances .
,.
to take form w h en on e of the stu~ _
The discussion really bet~ idea that the community should sup~
.dents cautiously pro~osed t bin the Outside World neede.d, or
rt itself by producing somet
g ld buy. T his was received
po
d d
at any rate wou
£
y of
thought it nee e ~ or
lways wanted a actor
. ubilantly by the majority who hav: :etaphysical discu~sion as to
)·heir own. From here, there arose
· r in the light of its
would be proper for the
interjected that
ticular nature f to produce , ~ne o hich it does best. A sophomore
St John ' s should produce at w
ointing out that the hen
h • . dly picked up this theme ~ and bby p. . g milk and the Church
'
:lurn best by laying eggs ~ the cow Y gtvtnSt . ·John9s rli~ b est b y .
s
. .
i oe
f Sin intimate d t h a t - .
by teaching a Sense o
· p
k in the Seedbed
.
bove. Sophro and Hy ~ har<l at wor .. , ~ .
• Illustratton a
K
.
of the Amencan - enaissance.
~hat
com;:: lr~shmen
par~
�we use n
kind .r·
of al
diffe1
ence
a sul
giver
be l's
distil
exam
subst
but i1
"this
defin]
tion
realit
abs t r
t ion i
it CaI
ure t
reach
t ions
edge.
Th(
gener
appar
percei
mind.
quirir
We g
there
facult
jectiv
must
fore'
have 1
beforE
as an
comm
our d:
a gr e
believ
- Ti
cont r :
Noi
of pei
exp r e
a dirE
ven's
heard
mean:
know·
perce·
re1nti
thing
We k
menti
gases
ment:
three
betwE
is re
Page 8
THOMAS
In aoy d
Cante~b~ry
to allow ti
meets tlie
pressed in ~
Williams ha
just such 1
is here t<
firidex diat
to us (witth
The · ope
Clearer pe
.scenes . • C
Frnm the c,
is tarkled
unfolding. :
··1n th
ihe W
Summed
-only the v.
lemn~
human-
_.but
C01
dimentiona
mer . in.ton~
pro.mise 11 .ru
The stoi
acfl'. er pors.
trasted wit
titude as ;
disposed c
trasts bet~
as the mini
effect is oJ
infinidy e:
injudiciom
this does 1
With .ma:
led master·
the godly;
kle :of inip:
fatefuL Bt
the . audie
From .. the
tasks ;•~ ar
is ~ And so
an inaudil
i=.omes one
goes on .qu
Time me
a tt times w.
that it ah
have had
in ~ayinK,
!
/
produciQg :Thinkers, A junior pounced on this; and although he agreei that
SJC s hould produce Thinkers t he obj~cted to the way the sophomore looked
at realhy9 d ai:ming that the hen simp~y layed eggs and that because soc=
iety needed eggs more-·t.han feathers egg=laying was the most pdzed activn
ity of hen~hood " milk the reason for keep. n~ cows,. and Reason developed
fo[ governing the Passions . "1!: is for th~ r>roducdon of things necessary
to t he gene1·al welfare that these things axe cultivate.cl and dalled·good~ ''
he concluded, ·"NON=
SENSE!,. sn&pped a senior 1 •:if St, Jo.l\n •s is to 8U.r·
vive on the Darwinian field of batde , it must produc.e that which will en~
able ir to compete on an equal footing with other colleges , i,e~~ that is
good which insures survival; and all else superfluous , inexpedient! and
bad, If all that the hen could con~ribute to the socie ty were feaM-er~ ;·. roos~
ters would be monugamously unhappy~ if all the c<Jw could proTide were ·
hides , bulls would have to woi k for a living. if all that St, John: s produced
was Thinkers ~ the Docers of &:he world would banish us from the field ! Im
Anfang wa fJ die Ta il Wear~ pmdtic~mkers nowi (look at us!); and it
is not enou~h. We mus t act! And we must produce an integrated mass of
thought and action£;;
..
.
'
"
The St udent Polity received this with ~hunderous appla4se.;\ The pfaster
sifted dowA from the tower~ the lights fl.fckere'd:; and (he ivy Oft the sottth"
east comer fell away from the wall, After three hours order .was rel;tored
and the Polity applied itself to the problem as to what should be cione , .
The Wilkinson Memorial Scientific tl~b offered to set up a gamnMM:a'y
produc tion line The King William Players P'?ndered the Chance's of tli~ir
current production making a million on .B 1 way , The Astronomers wondered~'
There was a proposal entertained for a while that would have started bee~
hives in the abandoned housing units for the .eventual production of mead ,
The Phil M Club offered to produce an uncut version of Lysis tra.ta if
enough men would be willing to take part,
All were rejected on the basis mat they did not completely represent the
Program in eo i pso. Or at least; qua Prngrnm, e 'What we want to prnduce is
something which symbollizes in esse the thought and a ction inherent in the
St~ John P Program=1.: stated one s eriior helpfully,
s
The debat~ lasted for four more hours until finally a junior", inspired no
doubt by Candide's garden proposed what was eventually accepted as the
solution . ''If there ; s anything the earth needs~ promote growth ,, hs fer~
tilizer! I propose that the back campus be turned into one large compost
heap ! 19
In reaching this decision the polity was not unmindful of the break in
tradition which this stEp i mplies , It was the consensus of all , however,
that the College possesses 1:he vitality and stren~_t:h to meet its increased
respons ibilities "
In one particulru: sense ; St. John ' s College will be recognized as the
seedbed of the american renai ssance. Here ~ of all places ~ Ulysses should
pl~ni his Qar < Next year, cq , • , a quiet little college at Annap.oli5i Mary<'
land.. witl:i a handful of old buildings ;, 123 studen ts ~ and practically no
~OQ~y~r: will come into its own and once again demand of the ~erican
u:C.ive['sity a cornplete c~tharsis,
0
0
YOUR
I
RE~L
.
REPORTER
The noted logos~ean:er , Jo7n}Ba11'iili Alexandros , e nsconced on ~is Htd~
cathedra under the s7.rrtagonal coffee table, ~ast «:he . followmg noes1sn
scbnitzel under our fee!: 6,s we pranced tliru ~he Dialecto num the weekend
of l ~~{faire Koogle "1 Wfat' s your problem Man? ~ Now wh h rega!fd t~ a
higher ~rder of conce~ual thiqking ~t seems to me that. you arre ~aymg ,
something st&
ange i Q/my undeK'stand1ng namely that this , : . this
en
tity ;, yes , mis enei~j , , ,. nein . . , rn~her . l e t me .rep.ee.tt ~. w.s.~ re ga!l.'d g;o
thi~ highe! m·der.-'/ , level , , . of conceptual ~auo cmaQ'.100 :, u would seem
that by three~ cyllnde r logic there are two pos sible wl!'?~g answers to any
questionf two ke~·s i s enough ~ and God is dead ;, cmc1hed by Jelly Roll
Monon on a sel: of Cartesian coordioates i"'
,,.
Thaok you ML ·A, We 'll pass diis on for publication under me Pen~ees of
a Futwre Alumni Asso~ia tion P rc s idena.:, a rich man with plenty of leisure ,
na tW'al ly, Watch for the next edition of i:he St, J , A. B.
pmk
0
,
FROM THE ACTUALLY REAL BOOKS,
· , " "' but as Molly pronpunced 'these last words ; the V:ick~d rug got loose
from its fastenings 9 ~d dis covered everything hid beh1~d it; where among
ot:her-·female u.~cnsils appeared the philosophell:' Squaite ~ rn a pos[ure as
ridi culous as can be possibly be conceived. Philosophers are composed
of fl~sh and blo~d as well as other h,uman Ci°eatures ; and however s~b~ .
limated and refined the theory of these may be , a Htde practical frailty 1s
as incid~nt to them as to other mortals,
Fielding~
Prnlegomena t o the
F i.ft.h Y ear
�we use
kind . '
"
of al
diffe1
ence
a sul
giver
be rs
dis th
exam
subst
but ii
"this
definj
ti on
realit
abs tr
tion i
it Cat
ure t
reach
tions
edge.
Tht
gener
P a ge 8
ST -. J OHN ° S COLLEGIAN
THOMAS
In any d
Canterbury,
to allow tc
mee ts die
pressed im
Williams h.c
just such :
is here t<
firidex that
to us (with
The·· ope
Clearer pe
scenes.: C
From the c
is tarkled
unfolding. :
FROM THE POTENTIALLY REAL BOOKS;
As Suggested in a Recent Lecture on Great Moments in Lyric P oetry
Der des demden ~
Dieder derdie ~
Dasdes demdas
Dieder dendie~
Phillipus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus
von Klopstock,
The Pseudo~ Ne~ Plus Ultra~ Paracelsus•
0
''In t h
The .W
appar
perce1
mind.
quirir
We g
there
facult
jectiv
must
fore '
have
befort
as an
comm
our d:
a gre
believ
-
Tl
con tr:
N01
of pe1
exp re
a dirE
ven's
heard
mean!
know
perce:
re fa ti
thing
Wek
menti
gases
ment:
three
betWE
is re
Summed
~ only the \\
lemn~ _,but
human-
COi
.d..inl en tiona
·mer . iritonf
pra.mise~ .ai
The sto1
acter .po!'s
trasted wit
titude as ;
disposed c
trasts bet'
as the mim
effect is oJ
infinitly e:
injudidom
t his does 1
With ma~
le.cl master:
the godly ;
kle :of inip.
fatefuL B1
the · audie·
From ._the
tasks ; -, •
ar
is, And so
an inaud.U
comes one
goes on._qu
Ti me me
a t times w.
that it ah
have had
in ~aying,
Der Untergang der Re inen Vemurzft , ode;, Die Benut zurzg der Schnitzel
bankes fur die Geschichtlichsehen swilrdigke it in Unt erslobbov2'a ( gesurzd..
he itn in English ~ Man is a Dreadfu l Animal,
Imprimatur; Moses Cardinal Maimonides
(at Lumpoc ~ Feast of the Circumcision of the B.Vo M, ~ 1066)
Nihil Obstat; Young Markowitzt Censor Librorum
0
·r ·n
'N01NaBJ
:RSS3:H dirlf\fO
9l1
sa1vuo10 °s ·Nan
polf) .Jt:l +.::>v UV -''af'U'r'J Ot..Ua~
J..'0 ~=>J))o-~rod l'O~?!f 'd1"f,+ :).1?
.;1~+:).i:iw .Gi:i.J.!l.4ti.rLJn so p~..1~.11.(~
Lfl?S
�
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The Collegian
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The Collegian began as a student newspaper; became a college community literary publication in 1952 and continued until 1969; became a student newspaper again in 1969; discontinued publication from 1980 until 1989 when it again became a student literary publication.<br /><br />Click on <a title="The Collegian" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=26">Items in The Collegian Collection</a> to view and sort all items in the collection.
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Collegian…About Johns' (successor to The Real Collegian)
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The Collegian
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PDF Text
Text
��.. OF ..
St. John's College
Volume III
CLASS OF 1900
PUBLISHED ANNUALLY BY THE JUNIOR CLASS
Editor
A ssociate
]. R. PHELPS
C. C. HERMAN
Annapolis, Maryland, May, l899
�Dedication.
B AL TI :\IO I~E
To
W. EVANS, U.S.V.,
our kind friend and advise r, remembe ring
him with gntttude and esteem, we respectfully
dedicate th is volume.
IEUT. - C OL. ELL WOOD
L
�Lieut.-Col. Ellwood W. Evanst U.S.V.
A
I.
CO LLEGE is g reat or little in proportion as it has men of sound scholarship and loft y character on its Faculty. O f th e two conditions, th e latter
is the mo re import ant . Great learning may compel the student's admir ati o n ;
manly character wins his respect and love. U nconsciously he patterns after the
example. The ennobling influence finds expression in what vve call love of
A lma ll1ater; in love of co untr y'; in devotion to duty. It has b een the good
fortun e of St. J ohn's m en to find always among their instructors those whose
example was stron ger than th eir precept. Su ch a man is Lieut .-Col. E ll wood
\V . E vans, to whom this volume has b een dedicate d.
Lieutenant-Colonel Evans is a native of Maryland . l-I e was born at Laurel
in r866. M ost of his early boyhood was spent in the extrem e W est, wher e his
father, the late Capta in Evans, was station ed. Comin g ·East at about th e age
of fourteen , he entered D ickin son College, and later the North Carolina M ili tary
Inst~tute. H e e;1tered th e U nited States Military Academy in r883, and g raduated in r887 as Seco nd Lieutenant of Cavalry. His fir st detail took him to
T exas. \ Vhile station ed th ere he took part in the m emorable march from T exas
to Dakota, th e longest march eyer under taken by so large a body of troops.
LIEUT.-COL. ELLWOOD W. EVANS, U. S. V.
During the S ioux cam paig n in r8go and r8g r , h e w as often pl aced in tryin g
situations with the lndians. Hi s co urage and goo d judgment always found a
solutio n that n ot merely averted disaster , but refl ected g reat credit on himsel i.
In Septemb er, 1894, he was promoted to the rank of F irst Lieutenant ,
shortly after bein g detailed to St. J obn's as In structor in M ilitary Science and
Tactics. In the sprin g of 1898, as the close of his detail at the College was
approachin g, and th e country was on the ver ge of the war with Spain, h e applied
to the War D epartment for service that would take him to th e seat of war.
After the Presid ent's call for troops, permission was g ranted to Lieutenant E vans
to accept a co mmission in th e Maryland Volunteers. H e was at once commis7
�sioned Major in the First Maryland Volunteers, and, when the battalion was
recruited up to the full regiment, advanced to Lieutenant-Colonel.
This r ecognition of merit was most gratifying to his admirers at St. John ·s .
It resu~ted from those qualities that had endeared him to us all; genuine and
hearty mterest, r ea dy sympath y, candor, courage, hon or. A more ardent worker
neve~ labored f.or the welfare of th e College. Nothing was too insignificant
for hrm to consrder ; nothing too great to undertake. His buoyant enthusiasm
~ll ed us witl.1 hope, while his manliness inspired us to lofty ideals . The good
mftuence which he exerted will remain with us during all the years to come, and
be handed clown among the most cherished traditions of the College.
]. w. c.
Introduction.
S I N MILITARY LIFE, the drumm er with his drum-beat calls t ogether
everybody within the lines, so in our College life we with the RAT-TAT
drum together all the stray roasts and grinds and all the odd bits that ar e to be
foun d lying around loose or unrevealed in some fertile editorial brain. We
assume no responsibility; it is our duty to collect all available material impartially and without r egard to anything but quality. Therefore, let no one be
surprised when he finds himself laid open to the critical eye of the public.
There is, however, a deeper purpose underlying all this, something to bring
back the old life in the minds of those who have left us, to let them hear once
more the hearty laughter which follows the story cleverly told at the midnight
gathering, and the sweet tinkling of the mand olin, or th e subdued voices blended
in the Co llege song, accompanied by the richer notes of the guitar. Many happy
hours they have spent at St. J olm's, and we cannqt but think that ·it will be a
pleaEure for them again to . view their Alma Mate?', if only in the pages of the
RAT-TAT.
A
In our work some slight changes will be noted, as in the Alumni D epartment, where to a great extent we have departed from the plan of publishing the
biographi es of a few of the Alumni, a~1d have instead devoted that space largely
to what concerns them all-the Alumni Associations. Then, since students and
graduates alike are enthusiastic over the victories achieved in A thletics, we have
pub1ished a record of the scores for the last ten years in the two principal
branches, Football and Baseball. A few other less important changes have been
made, bu t we have necessarily, to a certain extent, foll owed in the footsteps of
our .p redecessor s.
,,
'·'
A nd now, with this short introduction , we place our work before the public,
hoping that every one who has shared in th e life of old St. John's will find
something to please him, and that all, even th ose who are not of us, will be
urged to a mor e active interest in the College that we love.
9
�Editorial Board.
Editor-in-Chief.
J . ROYAL PHELPS .
Associate Editor.
c.
CHARLES
HERMAN, JR .
Literary Editors.
BENJAMfN
F.
CoNRAD.
JESSE
0.
PuRv r s.
Alumni Editors.
WILLIAM H. WYATT.
HowARD
C.
HILL.
Athletic Editor.
S. T U RNER MACKALL.
Miscellaneous Editors.
OscAR
K.
ToLLEY.
BERTRAJVI W. ANDERSON.
A ssistants.
JoHN
Lours BAER.
B. CAsSIDY.
vVrLLIAM
P.
LAwsoN.
Staff Artist.
PAUL
I-I .
HERMAN.
Business Managers.
WILLIAM
J.
HENRY P. TURNER.
SHARTZER.
II
�Ellicott City, Md., 1852
J AlliES MAC KUBIN,
D ANIEL M. THO MAS,
VJILLIAM HARWOOD,
Annapolis, Mel., I 87 3
GEORGE WELLS, M.D .,
Board of Visitors and Governors.
Baltimore, Mel., I859
Annapolis, Md.,
I
882
. Elkton, Mel . , r 882
Ho N. JoHNS. WmT ,
\iVJLLI A:M G. RIDOUT, M.D.,
Annapolis, Md., 1882
HoN.]. WIRT R ANDALL ,
Annapolis, Mel., r 882
RICHARD M. VENABLE,
Baltimore, Mel., r 884
HIS EXCELLENCY, LLOYD LOWNDES,
PHILEMON H. TUC K,
Baltimore, Mel. , r885
Ann apolis, Md .
RICHARD M . CHASE,
Annapolis, Mel., 1887
MARSHAL OLIVER, U.S.N.,
Annapolis, Mel., 189 1
L. DoRSEY GASSAWAY,
Annapoli!!i , Mel., 189 1
DANIEL R. MAGRUDER,
Annapolis, Mel., I891
SPENCER C. }ONES,
Annapolis, M d ., 1892
President.
r8')6.
The Governor of Maryland.
Under the Charter, elected annually.
PRESIDENT (pro tempore).
BLANCHARD RAND ALL,
Baltimore, Mel., :892
Ho N. }AMES REVELL, .
Annapolis, Mel., r 893
SECRETARY.
Ho N. JoHN G. RoGERS,
Ellicott City, Mel., I 894
L. DORSEY GASSAWAY.
Ho N. H. W. TALBOTT,
Rockville , Mel ., I894
HE NRY WILLIAlVfS,
Baltimore, Mel., I S94
JAMES M. MUNROE,
Annapolis, Md . , 1897
RoBERT Moss,
Annapolis, Mel., 1897
HONORABLE JAMES REVELL.
(ex officio.)
HoN. ]. WrRT RANDALL, President of the Senate,
Ann a polis , Md.
HoN . Lours E. SCHAEFER, Speaker of the Hous e of Delega tes,
Baltimore, l\fd.
HoN. ]AMES McSHERRY, Chief Judge Court of Appea ls ,
Frederick, Mel.
Ho N. W. SHEPARD BRYAN, Judge Court of Appeals,
Baltimore, Mel .
Ho N. D AVID FowLER, Judge Court of Appeals,
. Towson , Mel .
HoN.
]OHN
P. BRISCOE, Judge Court of Appeals,
Ho N. HENRY PAGE , Judge Court of Appeals ,
HoN. CHARLES B. RoBERTS, Judge Court of Appeals,
.
L. ALLISON WILMER,
. La Plata, Mel ., I 897
FRANK H. STOCKETT,
Ann apolis, Md.,
I
897
JAMES A. F ECI-~T I G, JR. ,
Ba ltimore, Mrl.,
I
899
CHARLES G. FELD\1EYER,
Annapolis, Md.,
I
899
Prince Frederick, Mel. ·
Princess Anne, Md.
Westmin~ter,
Md.
Ho N. A . HUNTER BOYD , Judge Court of Appeals,
Cumberlancl, Md.
HoN. J. A. PEARCE, Judge Court of Appeals,
Chestertown, Mel.
13
12
�The Facuity.
THOMAS FELL, A.M., Ph . D. , LL.D.
Professor of Mora l Sciences and Ancient Languages.
JAMES
w.
President.
Graduate of Yale University .
CAIN, A .M.
Professor of Politi cal and Social Sciences.
Graduate of St. John 's College.
JOI-IN L. CHEW, A .M .
Professor of Mathematics .
Graduate of University of Athens.
ARISTOGEITON M. Sono, A.M., Ph .D.
Professor of Greek and French.
Graduate of St. John's College.
EDWIN D . PusEY, A.M.
Professor of Latin an d German.
Graduate of St. John's College.
B. VERNON CrssEL, B.Sc.
Professor of Ch emistry and P!J.ysi cs.
Graduate of University of Michigan.
FREDERICK F. BRIGGS, B .A .
Professor of English, History and English Language.
Graduate of St. John's College.
FRANCIS E . DANIELS, A.M .
Professor of Mechanical Enginee ring and Drawing, Botany and Biology.
Graduate of Geneva College.
JoHN B. WHITE, A.M.
Assistant Professor of Greek.
REGINALD H . RIDGLEY, B.S.
Assistant Professor of Botany and Biology.
P. HowARD EDWARDS, B.A.
Assistant Professor of Latin and German.
15
Graduate of S t . John's College.
Gracluat':! of St. John 's College.
�St. J
ohnts College History.
HE ACT OF THE LEGISLATURE, which granted th e charter of St.
John's College in 1784, was the outgrowth of nearly a century of effort to
found such an institution in Maryland, as would preclude th e necessity of crossing
the Atlantic for the completion of a classical and polite education .
In r6g6 King ·william's School was founded, but not o pened till 1704. This
School is noted in the annals of the State as the nursery oi some of her greatest
men, among others the distinguished lawyer and statesman, 'Nilliam Pinkney.
In I784, two years after the establishm ent of vVashington Coll ege on the Eastern
Shore on a similar basis, St. J olm's was founded at Annapolis and King Vv'illiam 's
School incorporated vvith it. On November r I , 1789, the College was formally
· opened, and " th e dedication was performed with much so lemnity, all the public
bodies being in attendance, and formin g a long procession from the State House
lo the College Hall."
Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, and others of its original incorporators, were
graduated from St. John's Coll ege, Oxford, and to this th e institution is said to
owe its name. The charter provides that "the College shall be founded and
maintained forever upon a most liberal plan for the b enefit of the youth of every
religious denomination, and it shall be fitt ed to train up and perpetuate a succession of able and honorabl e men for discharging the various offices and duties of
iife, both civil and religious, with usefulness and r eputation." How well this
provision has been carried out, the many distinguish ed nam es found on the
regis ter of Alumni are sufficient proof. \Vithin the brief p eriod of thirteen years
from 1793, when the first class was graduated, until r8o6, the nam es of four
Governors of Maryland, six United States S enators , five members of the House
of Representatives, twelve Judges, and scores of others who had gained eminence
in the various protessions, are to be found. The lists of later years are no less
illustrious.
In providing for the financial welfare of the new College, the Legislature
did not resort to the expedient, proposed on a previous occasion, of levying a
tax of from five to twenty shillings upon the bachelors of the province. Private
subscriptions to the amount of $32,000, not considered a small capital in those
T
2
17
�days, were collected and paid into the State T reasury under an ex press agreem ent on the part of th e State to appropriate "annually and for ever, the sum of
£ 1750 ($ 8666.66 ) in o rder to provide a perm anent fund fo r the payment of the
current expenses of the College." In r8o6, wi thout the slig htest justificati on or
reasonabl e pretext, the State r efu sed to pay longer the stipulated amount, and
th e offi cers of the College wer e fo rced to susp end operations for som e tim e. This
action was strong ly condemned by th e leading men of th e State. Said W illiam
Pin kney : " Th e clay which witn esses the degradation o{ S t. J ohn 's College, in th e
very dawn of its p romi,se, will prove the darkest clay M aryland has known ."
In r8r r , $rcoo was r estored, and in r824 a kittery was g ranted which r ealized
abo ut $2o,ooo. At a lat er elate some efforts wer e made to recover the arrears,
but were fin all y ab anclonecl, and in r868 an allowance of $r2,ooo was granted for
fi ve years, an d afterward ren ewed from time to time till r88o. wh en it was
suspended . Si nce that t ime little aiel has been rece ived fro m the S tate exeept
th e $3000 per annum appropri ated to the Coll ege in 1833. A t the foundation of .
th e Coll ege in 1784, a building, which w as little more than a ruin, was gi ven to
the Boar d of V isitors and Governors. T hi s was
"O le\ B laden's p lace, once so fa m ed,
And now too we ll ' T he Folly' named. "
It was situated on th e banks of th e Severn , and bad been intended as the residence of the Governor , but had never been completed. It was surro un ded by
four acr es of land, ·which wer e g iven with the building . The work was pushed
rapidly to completion , and the building is now k nown as McD owell Hall, the
central one of th e six buildings comprising th e College. Althoug h a hundred
years have passed, the poi nt where the Trus tees began to build may be easily
distinguished. Th e original found er s of the Coll eg e did n ot propose to board the
students. They were allowed to live in private famil ies about th e city. L ater it
was thoug ht th ey could be better managed if they wer e m ore directly under the
surveill an ce of the authori.ties, and the upper stories of M cD owell Hall were
mad e into dormitories, and a dining-room was op en ed in the basem ent for the
accomm odation of the studpnts. The bachelor professors lived in the sam e
building, and were expected to keep an eye on the boys and see that their work
was not n eglected. No doubt these old halls have witn essed the perp etration
of many a College prank and been th e scen e of man y a forbidden midnight revel.
Th e first President of the College was Dr. J ohn McD owell , "a man of fine
presence and of pleasing ancl winning address, combining in a remarkable degree
g reat firmn ess and dig nity of character with almost feminin e g entl eness; a
thoroug h scholar and Christian gentl<eman. g reatly loved by all who knew him. "
Like other learn ed men , Dr. McD owell was a person of great modesty and
sim plicity of character , and many interesting an ecdotes are preserved of him in
I9
M'DOWE LL HALL.
�(.
\
INTERIOR OF C H APE L.
the College tradition s. It is r elated that he becam e very much enamored of a
youn g lad y in the town , of rare beauty and amiability. H e was very assiduous
in his attention s, but could n ever "screw his courage to th e sticking point"
sufficiently to put th e all-important qu estion. A t last he hit upon a rather odd
exp edi ent. H e indited to the object of his affection s a page or two of beautiful
Latin ver se. setting fo rth th e ardor of his passion. Th e lady, however , could
not appreciate such classical devotion , and many years after the good old D octor
di ed-a bach elor.
Ralph Higgenboth am , a native of Ireland, and a graduate of Trinity College .
Dublin, was V ice-President. He had been head mast er of King \i\Ti lliam School
when it was in corporated with St. J ohn 's, and he was made Vice-Presid ent of
that institution and appointed to the chair of ancient languages. H e is said to
have taken special pride and pl easure in the Class of 1796, of which Francis Scott
Key and Dr. John Shaw wer e members. H e jocularly termed this class his
"tenth legion, " and when any of his literary fri end s visited him he was accustom ed to order it out on parade. Key, who is best known as the author of
"The Star-Spang led Bann er," entered St. J ohn's at' its very beginning in 1789.
and was graduated in 1796 with honor.
Since the fou ndation of the College several buildings have b een er ected on
the campu s in additio n to McDowell Hall. The corner-stone of th e first of
these, Humphreys H all , was laid with imposing ceremonies in r835. This building stand s on th~ left of McDowell Hall and is used as a dormitory for the lower
classes . On the rig ht is Pinkney Hall, erected in r855 , and used as a dormitory .for Juniors and Seniors . Beyond Pinkn ey Hall are th e houses of the
Presi dent and Vice-Pr esident, and on the extreme left are hou ses for the p ro fessors. During th e war, from t86r to r866, the work of t he College was suspend ed and the buildings wer e occupied as a hospital. Imm ediately a.fter the
war, in r866, the buildin gs vvere repaired . Th e Coll ege was r eopened with Dr.
Henry Barnard as P resid ent. In the followi ng summ er Dr. Barnard r esig ned
and Dr. Jam es C. 'V\T
ellin g was chosen President in his stead, and the session
began in the fall with I I 5 students.
t St. J ohn's, like all institutions of learning, has its tradition s of student sport.
The Harvard man tells with g lee of the number of signs he has stolen, of the
barber poles h e has overturned. Not so h e of St. John's. True to hi s So uthern
proclivities, the St. John's man has a penchant for chickens. Y es, chicken s-veritable hen-roosts ar e the favorite game of the youth at St. J ohn's, and any
one who has ~journ ecl within those classical p recincts can recount nmi1erous
tales of the midnight descents he has made on the neighboring hen-houses, and
of t he feathered trophies he has bagged.
Back of th e College buildings flows the placid College Cr eek, in whose
21
�waters the collegians delight to cool themselves in the heat of summer. H ere,
too, th e youth who aspir es to fame as an oarsman may display his skill.
In front of th e campus runs College Avenue, wh er e the city maid ens
prom enade to be ogled by the "stately" Juniors or the "grand old" Seniors, or
even by the bolder of the "gay youn g" Sophomor es.
The session of 1884-85 was th e darkest p eriod of the College smce its
reorganization. In the summer of r884 President L eavitt r etired and went
abroad, and Dr. \ Villiam H. Hopkin s succeeded him as acting President. Dr.
Hopkin s resig ned in 1886 to becom e President of the ·w oman's College, Baltimore, and was succeeded by Dr. Th o mas F ell , under whose admini strati o n the
College has rapidly improved .
The Faculty is now composed of eleven m embers.
The Military D epartm ent was r evived under th e administration of President
H opkin s, who secured th e detail of an Army officer as Military Instructor. The
uniform first adopted was blue, but vvas afterwards changed to g ray.
At the outbreak of the r ecent war with Spain, many of the Alumni and
stud ents of the College found the Yalu e of this instruction when enlisting for
active servi ce, and took a prominent part during the conflict. Th e following is
a parti al li st of thos e who served during the campaign:
R. H. Nobl e, '94 ·
J . B. Douglas, '97
\7\T. C. Claude . .
J. D. Igl ehart, ' 72
J. Ramsburg, 'go.
C. C. Marbury, 'go
C. Brewer, '85 ·
E. D. Pusey, '89
J. C. Porter . .
H . R. Ri ley, '93
T. L . Brewer, '8g
S. R. Tydings . .
0. H. W. Talbott , ' gs
0 . Norris, Jr. , 'g6
C. H. Schaffer , 'g6
K . L. Whitson, 'g8
N. O rem , '98
B. D. Chambers, '94
J . E. Abbott . . . .
H. Vl . Holiclayoke, 'g8
D. C. L yles, 'g8 . .
T. Ches ley L yles, 'gg
R egular Army . .
"
1st Regiment , M.V.
. . . . Majo r.
2cl Lieutenant.
Surgeon-Major.
Surgeon-Captain.
.'"
1st Regiment, M.V.
'
"
Captain.
"
(
"
Lieutenant.
Sergeant-Major.
Color Sergeant.
Sergeant.
"
"
Signal Corps
sth Regiment , M.V.
"
23
..
"
Corporal.
. Private .
�C. C. R ey no ld s, rgoo
P . D. Ly ons, 'gg . .
T. S. Co rrell , rgo r .
G . B urlin gam e, 'g6 .
E llico tt W orthing ton
J. R . R oseberry , 'g6
J . A . H opkins . . .
J . H. Waller ,' 93 ·
F . 0 . K lakring , Igoo
A . R. Cheston , ' g6
F . M . M un son , 'g8 .
L ee M unso n, 'gg . .
B. K irk pa trick , ' gg .
. 5th R egiment , M. V.
Private .
"
"
"
rs t R egim ent. M .V.
"
"
T exas R ange rs
. Lieutenant.
N avy.
Paym aster, "Sco rpion ."
. . Yeoman, "Dix ie."
. . . . . .
" A jax ."
Paymaster ·s C lerk , " Detroit."
E. B . Ig leh a rt , '94
G. F. Carey , rgoo .
C. M . Newm an .
G . Sou t hg ate . .
T. H . H icks, '87.
F. A rm s, '8g . .
R. Goldsbo roug h , 'g8
Pay m ~s t e r .
P aym ast er' s Clerk, ·' Norfolk .''
T h e cadets of St. J ohn' s vie with those of the N aval Academ y at the m any
ball s an d germ an s of th e A nnapolis season , and a re as full y celebrated for their
devotion to T erpsichore as th e latter.
T h ere ar e t wo literar y societies a m ong the stud en ts, th e Philokalian a nd
Philom athean , each of whi ch gives a n annu al hop a nd reception a t Comm en cem ent in Jun e. In r889 the centen n ial celebration of th e College took place.
l\!Iany of the ole\ students return ed for th e occas ion , an d , owing to the large
assemblage of visito r s, a tent was er ected on the campus in t h e shade of the
fa m ous old pop lar, where the litErary features of the p rogramm e were carried out.
A platform had be en erected aga in st th e trunk of th e poplar tree . O n this was
ack
seated Govern or T son , who was ex officio Preside nt of th e Board of V isitors;
R ev . · D r . C. K . .Ne lson , J ohn M . L eavitt and P rof. \ lV. K . H opkins, fo rm er
P residen ts of the Co llege; Dr. Thomas Fell , the present P resid ent: Dr. A bram
Claude. Majo r S prigg H a r wood , Captain J ohn M ull en, Messrs. J . Schaaf!
Stockett , Nicho las B rewer , P hilemon H . Tuck , Dr. S. B arton B rune, D r . J a m es
D. I g leha rt, B on . J ohn S . \ i\Tirt and M r. F rank H. Stock ett, who presided and
T!l ade a brief add res s of welcom e. At tb e close of the literar y exercises a scion
oi th e old poplar tree was planted o n th e cam p us b y Mrs. J ack son, wife of Gov.
E. E. Jack son .
24
The College year 1898-99, n ow drawing to a close, has b een on e of steady
progress in scholar ship , numb ers and dis cipline. The g raduatin g class numb er s
thirteen memb er s. The corp s of cad ets is larger than at an y tim e for years.
The spirit of College life, as evinced in th e conduct of th e stud ents on campus
and in town has b een g ratifying to every well-wish er. Th e A lumni are displaying
every indication of inter est in th e progr ess a nd welfare of the institution. The
a thl etic fam e of St . I ohn 's has n o t increased , hut h er traditional prestige
am on g th e M a ryland Coll eges a nd U niver sities has been well maintained. Let
us h op e that thi s v en erable in stitution , which h as played so inter esting and
valuable a p art in the histor y of l\!Iarylan d , m ay continu e to increase in numbers ,
prosp erity a n d esteem , until St. J ohn's b e regard ed ever ywh ere as on e of the
leadin g instituti on s of the country .
�Alumni.
TIS BY THE ALUMNI of a College, both as a whole and individually, that
we judge of the College and of the sort of interest which she imbues into
her students.
The Alumni of St. John's have ever held prominent pos1trons in their
resp ective professions or callings. Some of the most prominent m embers of
our last L egislature, and, ind eed, of preceding ones, have their names enrolled as
form er students of the "Old College on the Severn." Such names as Hon. John
S. Wirt, leading member in the House of Delegates, 1897-98; J ohn \TV. Randall,
President of the State Senate the sam e year, and State Senator Dryden are illustrative of this fact. And passing beyon d the bounds of the State Legislature into
National affairs, we see H on . Sidney E. Mudd, Maryland R epresentative in
Congress, through whose efforts chiefly the bill appropriating money for the
improvements in the Naval Academy at Annapolis ~.-as pass ed.
St. John's is well represented not only in the political world, but also by
prominent la·wyers, clergymen and nien of every profession . Passing over th e
names of Key, Johnston , Pi.n kn ey and others ," which have been brought to your
notice so often, we come cl own to the present.
Practicing law we have men lik e Herbert Noble, of the firm of Villard &
Noble. New York; Jas . A. F echtig, Jr. , Baltimore ; Judge J. P. Briscoe, Maryland Court of Appeals ; H on. Jas. Revell, Maryland Circuit Court; Hon . Henry
D. Harlan , Juclge Sup erior Court, Baltimore ; Sommerville P. Tuck, Judge of the
International Court of Egypt; N . \TValter Dixon, Judge Supreme Court,
Colorado.
In the ed ucational line \Ve might mention G. A. Harter, President of Delawa!:e College; vV. H. Hopkins , Professor of Latin , \TV oman's College, Baltimore ;
Rev. J ohn P. H yde, President Valley College, vVinchester , Va.
In the pulpit there are Rig ht Rev. C. K. Nelson , Bishop of Georgia; Rev.
Vaughan S. Collins, President of Wilmington Conference Academy, Dover, Del.
Other names worthy of our mention are Wm. W. Blunt, vVestinghouse
Company, London; Blanchard Randall , ex-President of th e Chamber of Com-
I
27
"'-
�merce, Baltimore; L. A llison \i\filmer, Adjutant-Gen eral of the State; H on .
J as. P. Gorter, chairman of State Democratic Committee; and we might go on
mentioning names, but lack of space comp els us to stop here with the m ention
of those who represented St. J o hn's in our war with Spa in . When the call was
made by the President for volunteers, so many St. J ohn's men responded that
with those who were already servin g, our Coll ege had m or e men in the A rmy
and Navy than any other College of its size in the country. It is also very
pleasing to note how quic kly th ey were promoted to positions of r esponsibility.
But while our AlumniJ are so successfully upholding the d ignity and r eputation of the College abroad, none the less ar e they taking an active interest in
the welfare of their Alma M at.er. Besides the General A lumni Association,
branch associations have been form ed in New York and Baltimore, to provide
for endowments.
Ilurthermore, th e A lumni take a lively inter est in the Athletics and all the
organizations of the students, and ar e ever r eady to lend a helping hand in any
movem ent to promote th e best inter ests of the College.
The General Society of A lumni holds its annual m eetin gs o n Commencement Day. A ny person who has com pl eted hi s education (wheth er a graduate
or not) at S t. I ohn's College is eligible to m embership.
At the meeting held in I un e, r8g8, the following· officers and committees
were elected fo r the year r8g8-r8gg:
'
R. MAGRUDER, '63,
Vv. H. H oPKINs, '59, ·
] AS. A. FECI-lTIG, JR. , '95,
JoHN L. CHEw, '85,
FRANK A. MONROE, '84, .
DANIEL
President.
Isz Vice-President.
2d Vice-President.
Secretary.
Treasurer.
DR.
Executive Committee.
J. M. Monroe.
L. D. Gassaway .
W. Z . Childs.
B . V. Cissel.
D. R. Randall.
Entertainment Commiffee.
Dr. Thomas Fell.
L. D. Gassaway.
T. Kent Green .
J. A. ·w alton .
Hisforiograplter .
H erbert No bl e, '8g.
Assistant Historiographer.
W. T . Kemp , '97.
Dedicated to our Alumni and Students who, in her time of need,
so nobly responded to their country's call.
29
�,I
that on these occasions the older A lumni recounted th e doings of the days when
they were students, and no one will ever think of these me etings without r ecalling
th e zest with which the late Mr. Vom·h ecs used to tell a n incident in the life of
a student, afterwards a distingui shed clergyman, who, on one occasion, during
the presidency of the Rev. Hector Humphreys, arose in chapel, after a night
som ewhat uproariously spent, and exclaim ed :
Society of the New york Alumni
of St. J
ohnts College.
.;J.
8
the distingui sh ed President of St. J olm 's
H EN, I N THE YEAR I 93,_
ff t towards securino- an endowm ent
College, Dr. Fell, b egan acytrvel-eAo s 11 n1uch plea sur: by sp ending a
lr
.
·
1 gave the New d or. '- f umr
for the College, 1e
- nhat we believe will some day, 111
.
d 1 ·ng the foun at10n 01 vv
.
. . 1 .
little tnne here, an ayr
t t the College. H1s v1s1t 1e1 e
- 1 ·ina some enc1owmen o
f
.
f
the n o d1stant utUI e, ) 1 :::,
.
d . t 1 Coll ege that some form o
·
t.
to those 111 tereste 111 1e
· ·
A
d ' 1 a m eetin o- of the Alumm 111
a-ave su ch an mcen rve
b
.
•
d
d desirable.
ccor m g y, c
:::,
or o·anlzatlon was eeme
ffi
£ the late Philip R. Voorhees, an
b
11 d t be h eld at the o ce o
f 1.
N evv York was ca e ' o
1 - - ,f this city. As a result o t 11S
f S J 1 's and a well-known awve1 o
1. 1 .
Alumnus o t. ~· 11:
ro. ected A c;nstitution was drawn up, w 11C 1, 111
meetino- an assocratlon was p J
. d .
mb ers all m en who had at any
:::,
d b - d enouo-h to a mit as m e
I'
its terms was m a e 1oa
:::,
1
.ded that any one h ole 111g an
'
d
f tl Colle o-e It a so prom
1.
time been stu ents o 1e
. ,., .
11 1'1
··se b e entitled to members 1tp,
the Colleo·e shou c I <ewr
. .
honorary degree from
:::,1 .
·ted ')roviclin o- for admrsslon to m em.
i: t clause was a so m se1
' t
:::,
1 e
and a very nnpot an
.
" f tl
Co-leo-e tho6e p ersons w 10S
l
· ·
"F1 · cls o
·1en
1e
:::, •
bers1 · 111 the assocrat1on as
11p ·
· d
· ·
-·
inter est m rts succ ess could b e enllste ·
.
the eleventh o f N ovem b e1 u1
annu al b anqu et on
l1
It was decided to 1 c an
10
.
f tl e Colleo-e after the Revohtt'
f th e open111o- o 1
:::-.
.
each vear , in commemora IOn o
-:::,
' pleasure to those Alumm of
b
a constant som ce or.
.
I. 1
_ ·
twn ar )' War .
t las een
-N
York to m eet once or twtce
•
t 1 · and n ear I ew
St. John's wh o h ave been 1oca ec 111 1
1
hose interests h ad a common
.
- 11 o-nes as wel as t 1ose w
1 I
a year the1r former co ea::-.
'
1\/[ t .
Every year we h ave 1ac OUI
d o·rowth of Al-ma a Cj.
t
center in the we1£are an b
.
I fSt John's we have n ever yet sa
1
far removec rom
·
'
hanqt<et , and a1t 1 g 1 so c
10u
A t1
])anquets it has generally b een our
. less t1
t we nt)' men .
t J.ese ll . the company of ot h er we11 rlown vnth
1an
ffi . t
F 11 as our o-uest as we as
: :-. · '
d mong these persons a su cren
pleasure to h ave D r . e
A c1 we have always 1
1a a
c
d
known gent1em en .
n ,
'
1. 1' ht th ose whose graduating a ys were
.
.
'to
number of m en JU S t ou t of Colleo-e to ce tg
,.,
.
f College ltfe anc1 to rect c
r'th th e fresher stones 0
.
'
som ewhat more remote. "1
.
d B
ball T eam s. It is needless to sav
the h eroic deeds of th e F ootball an
as e
W
30
" lc ec tor , Hector, so n of P ri am,
i
Did you ever see a man as drunk as I am?"
Nor shall we soon forge t "Tommy's" surpri se wh en h e h eard for the first
time, at one of the banqu ets, that on one occasio n when he had visited a student.
and had been entertained, among o ther things , with som e delicious p each es,
that th e stud en t had only arrived in his room s about five minutes befor e the
D octor's visit from stealin g the ver y p eaches from the Doctor's own garden,
and had b een somewhat embarrassed by the Do ctor's question, "\ iVh ere did
you get them ?"
P erh aps, for the sake of histor y, it oug ht also to be r ecorded that it was at
one of th ese banqu ets t hat the following facts were first told-h ow on on e
occasion , when Dr. Fell "could not find words to express hi s indi g nation"
because som e sacrilegi ous student had put a picture of a ver y gay b allet girl
in the m ost promin ent place in the chapel, and the D octor saw it and exclaimed
that he " could n ot find words," as aforesaid; th at thereupon a very facetious
student sent " Garver" t o him with a 1N ebster's U n abrid ged Di ctionary.
The work of the A lumni Associa ti on in New York, howeve r, has not alone
been the meeting of congen ial spirits who go t together fo r the fun o.f an evenin g-.
The serious purpose has always been to know what the College is doin g, to discuss
plans for its ben efit , and to receive mutual encouragem ent in the work which a
ntlmb eT of m en are doing here in trying to procure an actual end owm ent for the
in stitution . As a partial result of the foundation laid by Dr. Fell, and fost ered b y
this association, it is known that at least two gentlemen in this city have left some
portion of thei·r estates toward the end owm ent of the College. If we could
secure the endowment of a sing le chair, great results wou ld th ereby be accomplished, and it is confidently to be expected that oth er endowm ents would follow.
We have not stopped at securing the inter est of the gentlemen r eferred to in
leavin g somethin g to the in stitution in their wills , but h ave endeavor ed to have
th em indu ce other p ersons to become interested in the College. A nd while
som e of the m ore confid ent members o:f the association in New Yo rk expected
actual resu lts for the present b en efit of the institution b efor e this time, they
realize, nevertheless , that in extending the pame of the College, in havin g
accounts of m eetings and banqu ets p ubli sh ed in the paper s, in bringin g its needs
before persons of wealth, and last hut not least , in securing th e promise from at
3I
�least two persons to leave a portion of their estates to the institution, that the
work has not been in vain, and that the spirit of the present College management
in actively canvassing for an endowm ent for the College has been justified. In
our efforts, however, to secure the interest of persons who are able to contribute
money, we have been hampered by the fact that none of the officials of the
institution r es ide here, and by the furth er circumstances that no matter how
much disposed to give one might find some persons, it is impossible to offer to
such person an opportunity to become a member of the governing body of the
College, so as in some measure, at lea st, to have some influence in the application
of the funds g iven . It is to be seriously regretted that the rul es governing
membership in the Board of Visitors and Governors of the College are not so
flexibly arranged that men of wealth, whose inter est in the College has b een
enlisted, could not be offered m embership in that body. If this be a difficulty
arising from some inhibition of the charter, the L egislature of the State might
properly be asked to come to the relief of the College in that respect, so as to
allow som e of the members of the board to b e non-residents of the State. It is
known that one wealthy man in New York City, vvhose interest in the College
has been somewhat enlisted, would serve in that capacity. His active participation in the welfare of the institution would thus be secured, and perhaps his
own wealth in part mi ght be devoted to the success of the old College. But
above everything else, if his active help for the institution were once given, he
mig·ht bring the needs of the College to th e attention of others. It is in some
such way as this , undoubtedly, that endowments are most likely to come. With
such a person or persons r es ident here, the New York Alumni Association would
always stand r eady to encourage them , and could so act as to stimulate their
interest in the College, and through such persons secure a large membership
of "Friends" of the College, through whom the institution might benefit in a very
practical form .
These have always been the purposes of the New York Alumni Association,
and whatever the r esults may have been, these have been the ends which it has
'o ught to attain.
Th e: nam es of th e first officers of the association follow:
Philip R. Voorhees, '55 .. ...... . . .. .. ... ... President.
Herbert Noble, '89 .. . .. . ..... . . ......... . .. Treas urer.
"Elon S. Hobbs, '82. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Secretary.
The names of the present officers are:
Herbert Noble, '89 .... ... ................ .. President.
Dr. Charles Brewer, '85 ... . ... . ....... ... .. Treasurer.
vV. T. Kemp , '97 .... .. ........ . .. . ... . . ... . Secretary.
32
Baltimore Alumni of St. ]ohnts Co11ege.
.
F
OR MANY YEARS t 1 A lumnt. of the old Colle
'-le
.
Maryland's metropolis 1 .
b
. g-e, g-athered m and about
.
' lave een endeavonng t
·
. .
mteres ts into one common eff ·t f . ·1
o umte thetr mdividual
,,
OJ or t 1e advancem ent of tl
lf
Alma Mater as well as fo tl
1e we are of their
,
r 1e purpose of keepino- alive tl
ld C 11
The formation and successful
. .
o
1e o
o ege sentiment.
.
opetatwn of the New Yo 1 S .
.
mterest in the project in Balti
.
l:f .
.
r ( Ociety mfused new
mor e.
or some ttme t1
and agitated with more or less
tl .
l e matter was discussed
.
en 1USiasm. Though
then· brethren in New y ·1 tl 1
.
. nearer to t 1 College than
1e
or (, 1e oyal sons of the Coll o· 1 . f
.
hour, wh ether of triumph or n eed tl . .
.
.
eoe 1er e elt that 111 any
.
, lei! mamfest mterest ar d
at 1
1er command in some tltli.t 1 ·f .
"LI
1 servrces should be
ec OJ m r: er Al . . 1 I .
becom e prominently identified
"tl tl .
. . mnm 1ac 111 many instances
WI 1
1e political and
·
the city and State . many 1 d 1
.
.
c
commercwl progress of
'
1a )ecome em ment 111 1 '
l
]" .
.
a"' an c m ec ICme a nd in other
sciences and art s I b .
c
• •
n usm ess soctal an d
r · 1r
.
sh ed additional lustre upon oJd, St J I , po It~ca rfe their own achievements
. om s, and It was prop tl t 1 .
s h oulcl be made part of hers.
er 1a t l eir success
It was not ' howe ver, un fl 1ast wmte r-in Decem ! . . 8 8
.
.
I
steps were taken and then at tl . . .
. )et, L 9 -that any definite
,
, c
1e mvitatw n of the more . t . t d
13, 1898, about thirty Alumni met . d f . .
_meres e , on December
temporary organization by tl
. 1, ~n a ter cl!scu ssmg the proj ect effected
1e se ec twn of vValt . I D 1 .
leading member of the Balt"
b
c
er .
aw ons, ·Esq., '82, a
c
Imore ar as teml)O
1 .
A. Fechtig- J r ,
, c
rary c 1auman, and Mr. James
'
., 95, as t emporary Secretary and M. S I-I
.
.
temporary treas urer It '
·I .
'.
r. . . . Lmthi cnm , '95, as
.
"'as t let eup on dectcled to m eet
.
9, 1899, when p ermanent 0 . 0 . . .
agam on February
,I ::,anJza twn would be effected t
I f 1
. .
' o )e . ol owed by a
b anquet. For th e clraftino- of
o
a ConstJtutwn and B)r-Laws tl1e commrttee
' .
3
. 33
�appointed was T hos. E. L atimer , '94 ; Geo . R. A . Hiss, '92, and Sp rig nel P.
\i\T
iley, "97, and fo r the banquet, Judge Henry D. Harlan, '78; W alter I. Dawkins,
'82; Phil. H. Tuck, '78; Chas. H . Newman, '92; vVm. A. Case, '94, and J ames
A. Fechtig, Jr. , '95· The new association was christen ed the Baltimore A lumni
Association of St. J olm's College.
The g eneral meeting and dinner was acco rding ly held on Thursday, February 9, at the beautiful home of the Baltimore Country Club, at R oland Park.
It was preceded by the business meeting, at vvhich the Constitution ancl By-Laws
prepar ed by the committee was adopted and the following permanent officers
elected: P r esident, H on . Henry D . Harlan ; Vice-P residents, Hon. Daniel R.
Magrnder, vVm. C. Devecmon and Blanchard Randall ; S ecretary-Treasurer,
Jam es A. Fechtig, Jr.; Board o.f Directors, Philemon H. Tuck, vV alter I.
D awkins, Charles H . Eclwarcls, Jam es P. Gorter, Dr. J ames D . Iglehart, S. P .
\i\T
iley and S. H . Linthicum.
At th e banquet table were gather ed members of the Board of Governors of
the College, the President and member s of the Faculty, distinguished visitors
and many A lumni, numb ering in all about fifty~a goodly number for such a
winter night as that was. Mr. Phil. H. Tuck, so well known for his enthusiastic
inter est in the College, presided and introduced the sp eakers. Dr. F ell responded
to the toast of the " Faculty" in his usual happy style, and pointed out the signs of
prosperity in the College and its needs . Hon. J ohn P. Poe, ex-A ttorney-General
of Maryland, r espond ed on behalf of Princeton U niversity with all his accustomed
wit and brilliancy, and paid high tribute to the position of St . J ohn's in the
community. Prof. vV. C. Clarke, for Johns Hopkins, alluded to the early
researches made by memb ers of the Faculty of St. J ohn's in the geological
world and how that work was now being continued at Hopkins. Mr. F reel.
Sasscer very happily r esponded to the toast of "Alma !Ylater," and called attention to the work she had done in the making of Marylan d hi story. Hon. John
S. \ i\Tr t, replying for " The Alumni," referred to the many m en of note that St.
i,
J ohn's had given to the State and Nation . Mr. J ames A . Fechtig, Jr. , answered
the toast of "Younger St. J ohn's," and assured the eld er Alumni and Facul ty of
lhe support of the younger members in every good work in aiel of the College.
Other informal speeches were made by Judge John P. Briscoe, of the Court of
App eal s, and Judge Henry D. Harlan, of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore.
The banqu et was voted a success, and will be continu ed from year to year.
34
Rev· C. S. Baker.
The Rev . C . S . Ba!<ei. was born on a farm in Su
C
2I, r8ss. He attended the ))ublic scho 01 f 1 .
.ssex ounty, D el., January
, . f
s o . 11s native count
c1
·
} ems o age began to t each, in which work h
.
y, an at elg 1
lteen
as a teacher was in Sussex Count D I
~':as emme~1tly successful. His work
ties, in Maryland. Subsequentl/'he :~~e:~~e~n WKomi~o and Vlorcester ConnDel. In March r88r MI· B 1 .
.
the Lalll el Academy, at Laurel
.
' ·
'
'
· a <et was admitted 0 t- · 1 ·
fe rence of the M ethodist Epi·s
l Cl
n I Ia mto t 1 e Wilmington Conl
· ·
copa
1urch A
m easure of success aile! llas s . d
.
s a mmister he has hac! a lar ae
'
erve some of tl 1 t
.
o
en ce. At the session in March 8 8 B. 1 le )es appomtments in his ConferPresiclin~· E lder of tl1e Dov er D.' tr. et 'whic]10p J ohn P. Newman appointed him
9
~s ·
~
1s n
t
..
r89S his College conferred upon h" 'tl 1 1 Impor ant positiOn h e now fill s. In
un le 10norary cleoTee of Doctor of D" ..
b
IV111Ity .
Vaughan S. Coiiins.
Rev. Va ug han S. Collins was born in B ·]"
At th e early ao·e of thirteei1 1 . . cl I
ei 111, Mel., November 4, r8s8
.
o
1e J01'11e t le Met] cl" t E .
.
r cce!ved preparation for ColleO"e t tl B I"
:o Is
piscopal Church . H e
teaching of Edward Martin E"' a leA er 111 High School und er the effici ent
lumnus of St J 0 1 '
sq.,
1n s. I n Septemb er
1 878 , he matriculated at St ' J o! , an
·
·
·
m s anc1 enter ed tl
S 1
'
remaming two vears he left t 0 tt cl D" .
1e op 1omore Class. After
·
'
'
a en
1chnso C 11
m Jun e, r88r. Durin a 1 J .
1J·s
'"
n o ege, wher e he g raduated
.
o
umor year at Coli o· 1
.
rece~ve:l his first appointment in r88r. Mr eoe 1.e was 1Icensed to preach, and
_
Berlm 111 I882 and r883 at1cl
1 . cl . Collms sei vecl as Postmaster at
'
was ac I111tte to tl \1
V"l ·
ence of the Methodist E j)iscopal Cl . 1 M
1e
I mmg ton Ann ual ConferlUI c 1,
arch r883 H I
c!lurches, assistant at Dover
t . 1
'
.
e las served various
•
c
' pas or Ill c large at Camb .cl .
·
s
mmgton, Centreville Mel NJ
C I
n ge, cott Church, \t\fil1
·
·' ew ast e and Georg t
I .
was e ected to his j)r esent positi.on P!-· . I f e lown.
n I8g8 , Mr. Co llins
, . mc1pa o t 1 e \i\T"J ·
A cademv at Dove1 In tl ·
··
· ·
.
I mmgton Confer ence
1IS positiOn 1 e
· ·
.
1
bringing t he Academy to
.
rs ~·~qui ttmg himself ad mirably, and is
a prospet ous condtt!On .
N. Walter Dixon.
Jud ge N. vValter Dixon was born in .P rine
A
.
on September 22 1 8-8 H . . d .
ess nn e, Some1set Co unty M el
'
J ·
e 1ece1ve l11s earl}· 1 f
"
'
.,
Academy," located in t11 at to
fi
ec uca !On at th e old \i\TashinO"ton
0
c
wn.
e entered St J 1 ' ·
fourteen. and joined the " First p ·.
-.
. "o 111 s m I 872, at the age of
I eparatory Class.
During hi s coll ege career,
35
�Mr. Dixon was for several years an active memb er of the Philokalian Society,
and was for several term s one of the l mwnat editors. H e graduated, valedictorian
of his class, in 1877.
After leaving Coll ege, Mr. Dixon was employed as school teacher for several
years, most of the time as Principal of th e Crisfield High School, located in
Cri sfi eld, Mel., vvhcre he was married in 1881. During this p eriod he read law,
and was admitted to the bar. In 1887, he was elected State's Attorn ey of his
native county, and held this office until the early part of the year 1891, when he
moved with his family to Pueblo, Col., to engage in the practice of law. In
th e fall of 1894, Mr. Dixon was elected one of the judges of the District Court of
the Tenth Judicial District of Colorad o, and went upon the bench in January,
1895, for a term of six years. H e now holds that position.
l\Ir. Dixon is a R epublican in p olitics, and a Protestant E piscopalian in faith.
He has thre e children, two girls and a boy, aged sixteen, eleven and nine years.
S everal years after his g raduation, St. John's conferred the honorary degr ee of
M.A. upon him .
Mr. Dixon has ever been an influ ential p erson, and is likely to rise to a
high er p os ition through his great abilities.
Seth H. Linthicum.
Mr. Seth Hance Linthicum was born in A nne Arundel Co unty, about five
miles south of Baltimore City; on July 26, 1873. H e is the son of Mr. Sweetser
Linthicum. who is one of th e oldest and best known land owners of Maryland.
Mr. Linthicum, after taking a course at the Baltimore City College, entered
St. John's College, graduating wi,th the degree of B .S., in Jun e, 1895. A fter
graduating, he pursued a course in Chemi stry, Geology and Mineralogy for nearly
two years at the Johns Hopkins U niversity. Then, choosing the profession of
law, Mr. Linthi cum entered the Maryland U niversity School of L aw, and took
th e bar examina tion in January, 1898. In February of the same year, his broth er,
Mr. J. Charles Linthicum, a well-known a'n d prominent member of the Baltimore
bar, who had a very extensive practice, took him in as a partner, and formed the
lavv firm of J. Charles Linthicum & Bro., which now enj oys a large and lucrative
practice.
Daniel R. Randall.
Daniel R. Randall, the son of Alexander and E li zabeth (Blanchard) Randall,
was born at Annapolis, D ecember 25 , 1864. H e entered th e Preparatory School
of St. John 's College in the fall of 1877, and matriculated in the College as a
Freshman in 1879, graduahng in 1883, with the degr ee of A.B.
37
�The follmving fall he entered Johns Hopkins University, taking the special
course in .tristory, International Law and Politics. In r886, he was appointed
to the Fellowship in History, and received the degree of Ph.D. in r 887.
After a year's study at the 1\IIaryland University Law School, and a year in
the office of his brother Hon. J. \1\Tirt Randall, he was admitted to the practice of
law in r888 . H e has practiced in Annapolis since r888 as junior in the firm of
Randall & Randall.
In July, r8g8, Mr. Randall was appointed Assistant United States Attorney
hy the Attorney-General of the United States, with offices at Baltimore. MrRandall is also a State Manager of the Maryland Hospital for the Insane at
Catonsville. In r892 he married Miss E lizabeth \ 1\1. Harding, of Boston, and has
three children.
Mr. Randall has been very successful in his profession, bringing credit upon
himself by the numerous important cases he has won.
T. Henry Randall.
Mr. Randall enter ed St. John's in January, r878, as a " Second Prep." (Class
of '82), and remained in that class till the beginning of the Senior year. During
his college career he vvas a member of the College Football Team, and also Captain of his class crew. In the autumn of r88r he pursued a special scientific
course at the Johns Hopkins University as the first step in his architectural
trammg. Here, too, he was on the Football Team-the first that Hopkins ever
had-and the following autumn he beg·an his professional studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in Boston. He took the two years' course
there, and incidentally the two prizes for "Designs" and for "Mechanics of
Architecture," at the end of it . He also figured in football there. In the following summer he entered the o.ffice of H. H. Richardson, of Brookline (a suburb
of Boston), as a student, and there began his " practice" of architecture under the
in. Germanv . Fo·r a t.rme 1 1JVed 111 the old walled .
.
"
1e .
wrth a lot of art students from the M . I S
Clty of Rothenburg (Bav~.ria)
few months, visitino· tl1e Catl1ecl· a I t owns 1 F _
unrc of chool; then he traveled ag·ar··rl for a'
»
c
r
d
<nown chateaux, arrivino· at p _. . S
ranee an occasionally some well1
.
» c·
au s 111 eptem ber
Tl1e followm » wint er- ancl spnng he spent in· Ita!
o· , .
.
.
F
cl s· .
ranee, and the autumn in Eno-la 1 .
y an
rcrly, the summer in
888 ·
-~ » nc , 1 eturmng h
· ·
I
. 111 New york, und er the tutela o-e of
r
orne m trm e to begin the year
~rchrtects. After two years of office )~c_l':'Jm, Mead & Vlhite, the well-known
mto the world.
I actrce there, he launched himself out
Mr. Randall is the architect of St J I ,
.
attractrve as its cxte _ - .
.
. oms new buildine-, whrch r·s ver
'
" IJOI rs more or les
d l
~
y
of Louis XVI at \ Te "11
s m o e eel after the beautiful little r)alace
c
rsar es ' called tl1e "D et"t T 11anon."
_.
L
I
, .
Richard Beauregard Tippett.
.
Mr. frppett was born in St Mar ' C
rs the son of Robert Bruce T" . c y s ounty, Mel., on J anuary 14 r86z H
, tl
.
rpp ett and Susan E p
f I
,
.
c
ra 1er rs a prominent farmer.
c
•
ayne, o t 1at county, where his
~![r. Tippett was educated at Charlotte H
..
Johns Coll ege . He graduated from tl 1
. all Mrlrtary Academy and St.
honors and delivered the valec!l.ct llde atter 111 the Class of '84 with hie-11
T"
c
01y ac ress WI ·r
.
~
rppett read law under the r·r1st- t.
.
11 e attenclmg St. John's Mr·
tl A
rue IOn and sL
· ·
1e nnapolis bar, now OI1e of tl
1
.l pervrsron of James Revell Escr of
.
.
.
. 1e Juco·es of tl C
.
'
.,
crrcmt. In r88S he took his e , . ~
.
le rrcmt Court of that judicial
Marlboro, Prince Georo·e' C xam111atron m law, and vvas admitted at U
f
» s
ounty, to practice law
c
pper
S hort!)' tl
1erea ter Mr · . TilJpe tt came to l3altir ,·
f ·
_ ·
110Je to resid e and practice his
P ro essron, and subsequent!)' ' witl1 1 . 1 - 1
.
"
la w o f t I1e Umversity of Marvland 1IS )JOt 1er, Ja me s E . T rppett, a g raduate in
c
foI I
c
'
wher e 111 d e f atrgable industr y, •
·
·
' rmec 1t1e. firm .of R B . T"rppett & Brother,
.
his well-stor
, '-·
L
'
always courteous demeanor and approa I e~ ·rmmd, . hrs knowledge of the law . his
speech, soon won for him an e 't
. < c 1a JJ rty, hrs fluent and eloquent stvle of
he .
x ens rve and remt
t.
"
rs regarded as one of the leacl - f ~] .
mera rve clientage, so that now
0 n A . 7, r88s Mr T" c erso .tlevouno- m en o f t I1e Baltimore bar
pnl
t
, . »
of Baltimore ' and has' fi ve .c1 _ Jpe t was mar ned to Miss ~Maro·aret F · Tl1orn t on
rl)d re
.
c
11
»
11 '
Mr T"
·
·
'
. rppett resrcles at v.r albroo]r
1
.
,, .
said to b e tl1e leadmn' spirit . .
- w 1ere h e bas a country cottao-e and r·
s u b ur) It now is
5
111 rmpr ovmg· , d
»
s
. 1 ..
d1
ma 1 .
ong vValbrook tl1e 'peasant
I
·
most fortunate and charming circumstances.
The training he received there was entirely in the "Romanesque School" of
architecture, a "style" which Richardson himself had introduced there after his
studies in Europe. Two years following Richardson's death, in r885 , he spent
in Europ e, not "at school," as young men do now who are training, but traveling
almost continuously from place to place, studying monuments and making notes,
sketches or drawings , as the spirit moved him, or other things did not prevent.
He stayed at K eble College, Oxford , with an old friend of his during "Eighth's
\1\1 eek," and again a month later during "Commem. \Veek ," in the spring of r886.
He spent a few days at Cambrid ge, too, when he was "doi'n g" the Cathedral
towns of England. That summer was spent in the North of Europe, principally
He rs a. Ia r » owner o f real estate " 1 .
o-e
.
.
. ' ~nc rs connected wrth many ente - _
.
an d mdustnes in th e 1\I
' onum ental Crty
r p1rses
S
0 n eptember 29, r8g8, Mr Ti
.
.
Democratic standard-bearer for Con p~ett ]was nommated by acclamatioiJ1 as the
. gr ess Jy the Democrats of the Second Con-
38
:19
L
•
�gressional District, and while suffering defeat at the general election, the aggressive and fearless campaign made by him, single-handed and alone, won for him
many friends and admirers.
Alumni Addresses.
Richard Irving Watkins.
Rev. Richard Irving Watkins was born in Baltimore, Md., September r6, r8sg.
He received his early training in the Grammar Schools and Baltimore City College. He also studied at Arlington Classical Institute, the. successor to the
famous \ A/ est River Classical Academy, and prepared for college at Stewart Hall
Academy. He entered the Sophomore Class at St. John's in 1879 and graduated
therefrom in r882, receiving the degree of B.A. He matriculated at the Drew
Theological Seminary, Madison, N. ]., in r883, where he graduated in r886 with
the degree of B.D. In r887 he took the degree of M.A. from St. John' s.
Mr. Watkins also studied for the degree of Ph.D. in the U. S. Grant University,
at Chattanooga, T enn . He was admitted into the Witlmington Conference at
the session of r886, held in Elkton, Mel. Mr. Watkins at present is engaged in
the ministry and is stationed at New Castle, Del. He is now Secrdary of the
vVilmington Conference Board of Examiners, and Treasurer of the Second
General Conference District; also a Tru stee of the \A/ilmingto n Conference
Academy, at Dover, Del.
F rands Peet Willes.
R ev. Francis P eet vVilles is a natitve of California. After pursuing a
course of study at Burlington, N . ]., and at Trinity College, Hartford, Com1.,
he entered St. John's as a Junior in r886 and graduated in r888. After graduating from St. Johns, Mr. Willes attended the General Theological Seminary, in
New York, where he completed his cours e in 1891, and in the same year received
the degree of M.A. from St. J ohn's. He at once entered the ministry of the
Episcopal Church, and took charge of missions in Anne Arundel and Baltimore
Counties. In 1892, Mr. Willes was elected R ector and is still in charge of St.
Thomas' Parish, Prince George County, Mel. Mr. Willes is recognized as an
able and effici·e nt rector, and is ccmsiclered a person of great mind and understanding, clue to the careful educati on he has received.
ARMS, F. THORNTON
ANDERSON, BRUNER
ADAMS, DR. ]. FRED., .
.
.
ALMONY, FRANKLIN J .,
.
.
ALBERT, J. STOUL, Attorney at Law,
ADAMS, DR. FRANK B
ABBOTT,]. EDWARD, .,
ASHE, SAMUEL T.'
R
.'
BARROLL, HOPE, .
BOSWELL, H. H.,
.
BREWER, THOMAS L
BREWER, DR. CHAR~~~.
BREWER, NICHOLAS
BRISCOE, J OHN R.' '.
BOWIE, ROBERT
BREWER, J. CL~Y~ON, .
BASIL, ]OSEPH S. M., ]R.,
BLAKISTON E, GEORGE,
BILLINGSLEA, ]As. D.,
BoND, THos : T .,
BowrE, HoN. W . D.,
Bucrc, REv . C. E.,
BENNETT, GEo. E.,
BERKELY, w . M .,
. BAKER, REv . C. s.
BoEHM, LEvvr~ C., '
BrAYS, ] As. P ., ]R. ,
BROWN, E . H.' .
Chestertown, Mel.
Port Tobacco, Mel.
War Department, Washington, D. C.
War Department, Washington, D. C.
New York City, N. Y.
Hagerstown, Mel.
Annapolis, Mel.
Annapolis, Mel.
Annapolis, Mel.
·
44 South St., Baltimore, Mel.
15 W. Saratoga St., Baltimore, Mel.
33 N . Broadway, Baltimore, Mel.
Prince George's Co., Md.
3238 0 Street, Washington, D. C.
Marclella, Mel.
Staunton , Va.
Dover, Del.
. Snow Hill, Mel.
care 19 N. Liberty St. , Baltimore, Md.
Centreville, Md .
CLAUDE, DR. ABRAM
CLAUDE, DENNIS
'
CLAUDE, GORDON H
CRABBE, WALTER
CHEW, JOHN L., .
CARL, C. EDwARD
CHASE, RICHARD ,M ...
R.·:
40
Navy Department, Washington, D . C.
. Woodwardville, Mel.
Rehobeth, Somerset Co., Mel.
. Rockville, Mel.
.
.
Washington, D. C.
Camden Station, Baltimore, Mel.
Annapolis, Mel.
Wilmington, N . C.
4I
Annapolis, Md.
Annapolis, Mel.
Annapolis, Mel.
Hague, Va.
Annapolis, Mel.
H agerstown, Mel.
. Annapolis, M d .
�CoLLISON, JosEPH,
CRAIN, ROBERT,
CLARKE, PROF. E.].,
CARLISLE, CALDERON,
CISSELL, B. V., .
CLARKE, LEWIS T.
CoLLINS, REv. VAUGHAN S.,
CooPER, H. L.,
.CRAPSTEH., ERNEST R., .
CROCHETT, REV. STEWART,
CHAMBERS, B. DUVALL, .
CHILDS, w . ZACHARY.
CLAGGETT, L. B. KEENE,
CoLLIER, G. K., .
Cr-rESTON, ·A . R.,
COMEGYS, CORNELIUS,
I
DAWKINS, WALTER I. ,
DE VECMON, J. S.,
DE VECMON, WM.' .
DuvALL , R . J .,
DASHIELL, PAUL J.,
DuvALL, DouGLA ss F.,
DUBOIS, CHARLES,
DAVIS, REV. V\'. W.'
DANIELS, F. E.,
DRYDEN, A. L.,
DUVALL, WIRT A ., M . D. ,
DASHIELL, RUFUS D '
DEVRIES , REv. B. F .,
DRYDEN, (HA S. E.,
DERN, H ARVEY,
DuvALL, C. A.,
DouGLASS, ] . B.,
DIXON, N. WALTER,
DUVALL, D. H.,
DULANEY' JOHN M . '
DoRSEY, JoHN W., .
Annapolis , Md.
Green Building, St. Paul St., Baltimore, Md.
Washington College, Chestertown, M d.
. Washington , D. C.
Annapolis, Md.
Columbia, Howard Co. , Md.
Dover, Del.
Denton, Mel.
Daily Record Office, Baltimore, Md.
East Stroudsburg, Pa .
Poolesville, Montgomery Co . , Md.
. Annapolis, Md.
Petersville, Md.
Wilmington , N. C.
1835 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.
Scranton, Pa.
Fidelity Building, Baltimore, Md.
Cumberland, Md.
Cumberland, Md.
. Annapolis, Md.
Naval Academy.
West Point, N. Y.
Annapolis, Mel.
2306 Madison Ave. , Baltimore, Mel .
Annapolis, Md.
Crisfield , M d.
529 N. Fulton Ave., Baltimore, Md.
. Prin cess Anne, Mel.
Jarrettsville, Harford Co., Mel.
. Berlin, Mel .
Johnsville , Mel .
Parole. Md.
Fort Hamilton, N . Y.
cor. Michigan and Orman Aves., Pueblo, Col.
Parole, Md.
8 E. Baltimore St., Baltimore, Mel.
407 N. Charles St. , Baltimore, Md.
15 N. Calhoun St., Baltimore, Md.
2013 East Chase St., Baltimore, M d.
Portland , Oregon.
EDWARDS, CHAS . G .'
EDWARDS, P. H. ,
ECKERSON, R. ].,
42
FRICK, GEO. A.,
FELDMEYER, ]As. D. ,
FoRBES, GEo., JR.,
FREEMAN, M. B., .
FuLTON, JoHNS.,
FE CHTI G, JAS. A. , Jr.,
FENN, REv . PERCY B.,
FAY, W. GARLAND,
FLOR Y, CHARLES I..
FooTE , ]. HowARD,
GARNER, SAMUEL.
GREEN, PROF. J. B.
GRA CE, PRO!'. c. H.,
GIBSON. J. B. ,
GROFF, PRoF. JosEPH C ..
GRA NT, CHARLES T .,
GALE, H . A.,
GoLDSBOROUGH. RoBERT ,
GREENE, S. DANA ,
GASSAWAY , L. D '
. Shelby, N. C.
Annapolis, Md.
Annapolis, Mel.
Bryantown, Mel.
Salisbury, Md.
14 Eas t Lexington St., Baltimore, Mel.
Boonton, N. J.
So Broadway, N.Y. , Bell & Co .
Leesburg-, Florida.
33 Maiden Lane, N. Y.
Annapolis, M d .
Kenyon Military Academy, Gambier, Ohio.
. McDonnogh School, Baltimore, Md.
ro German-American Bank Building, Baltimore, M d.
Los Angeles, Cal.
Alpha , Howard Co., Mel.
1503 Park Ave., Baltimore, Md.
Cambridge, Md.
Edison El ectric Co., N.Y.
Annapolis, Mel.
HAGN ER, Hox. A. B . .
HAGNER, ALEX.,
HARLAN, JuoGE H. D.,
HARLAN. w. H.,
HARLAN, W. BEATTY,
Hi cKs , T. H . ,
HOBBS, E. S.,
HARD CASTLE , DR. EDWARD M., JR .,
HOPKINS, WM. H.,
HOPKINS, A. H.'
HA RLAN, HERBERT, M.D. '
HITCH COCK , REv . W . A.,
HEYDE, EUGENE W.,
HuRsT, REv. vv. L.,
HYDE, REv. JoHN P ..
HEBDEN, H . M.,
Hiss, GEo. R. A. ,
HuGHES, RICHARD,
HILLEARY, E. D .'
HAWKINS, J. M.,
r8r8 H St., N. W., Washington, D . C.
Hagerstown, Mel.
Baltimore, Mel.
. Bel Air. Mel.
Bel Air, Mel.
Cambridge, Mel .
280 Broadway, New York.
. Easton, Mel .
. Woman's College, Baltimore, Mel.
Bel Air, Mel.
. 230 Madison Ave . , Baltimore, !VIc!.
Granite, Mel.
Parkton, Md.
Odessa, Delaware.
Valley Female College, Winchester, Va.
15rr E. North Ave., Baltimore, Mel .
2 roo N. Charles St., Baltimore, Mel.
Annapolis, Mel .
2009 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.
. Cockeysville, M d.
43
�HOTCHKISS, R. N. J
BUFFINGTON, ] . WALTER,
HARRINGTON, EMERSON C.,
HODSON, T. S.,
3105 W. North Ave. , Baltimore,
Quantico,
Cambridge,
6 E. Lexington St., Baltimore,
1214 Linden Ave., Baltimore,
Annapolis,
Annapolis,
Thurmont,
IGLEHART, DR . ]AS. D.'
I GLEHART, E . B J
I GLEHART , E . W.,
ISANOGLE, A. M . .
Md .
Md.
Md.
Md.
Annapolis, Md.
Annapolis, Md.
Easton, Md .
Elkton, Md.
Bloomington, Ala.
Leonardstown, Md.
667 Kerrmore Ave., Edgewater, Chicago, Ill.
JACOBI, J . FRANK,
JACOBI, CHARLES A.,
JOHNSON, M. T., .
] AMAR,]. H. R.,
JoHNSTON, CAPTAIN C. A.,
JARBOE, C.].,
]oNEs, Guy L.,
. Cumberland, Md.
Columbia University, N .Y.
KELLER, C. EDGAR,
KEMP, V>l. T ..
LEAGUE, JoHN B.,
LATIMER, C . H., M.D.,
LATIMER, T HOS . E.,
L'ENGLE, E. M., .
LINTHICUM , SETH H.,
LYLES, DEWITT C.,
LINTHICUM, c. E.,
Md .
Md.
Md .
Md.
Annapolis, Md.
Governor H ospital for Insane, Washington, D. C .
20 East L exington St., Baltimore, Md.
. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.
203 a nd 204 Herald Building, Baltimore, Md .
H arwood , Md.
. Rutla nd, Md.
462 Louisana Ave., Washington, D. C.
Annapolis, Md.
Annapolis, Md.
Washington, D. C.
. Annapolis, Md.
Annapolis, Md.
. Bryantown, Charles Co ., Md.
. Ellicott City, Howard Co., Md.
University of Georgetown, D. C.
. Hagerstown, Md.
Princess Anne, Md.
. Easton, Md.
. Annapolis, Md.
U. S. Marine Hospital , Baltimore, Md.
MADDOX , SAMUEL,
MAR CHAND, G. E. J
MAGRUDER, DANIEL R.,
MULLAN, JoHN, Attorney-at-Law,
MUNROE, ]AMES M.,
MUNROE, FRANK A.,
MuDD , HoN. SYDNEY E.,
MAGUIRE, ]AMES c., ]R., .
MARBURY, c. c. , M.D.,
MAGRAW, A. K .,
MADDOX, R .. F.,
MARTIN, S . A. , .
MAGRUDER, P. H.,
MURPHY, J . ] ., .
44
MULLIKI N, ADDISON E.,
MADDOX , G. A.,
MACNABB, C. H ., .
Trappe, Md.
H arris Lot , Md.
Bel Air, Md.
NOBLE, HERBERT,
qr Broadway, New York, N.Y.
NELSON, RT. R Ev. CLELAND K., Bishop of Georgia,
Atlanta, Ga.
NEAL, w. T. G.'
Upper Marlboro, Md.
NEWMAN, ]OHN S.,
. Frederick City, Md.
NORRIS, HO\NARD c '
Ingleside, Md.
OLIVER,
OFFUTT,
OLIVER ,
OFFUTT,
OFFUTT,
OLIVER,
MARSHALL F ..
NOAH E ., .
LESLIE A . .
THOS.,
]AS . P . ,
c. K.,
PARKER, M. c.,
PARKS, REV. LEIGHTON , D. D ..
PRESTON, w. W.,
PRESTON,]. HARRY,
PIERSON, G. B.,
PAINE, GORDON P .,
p ARLETTE, E. \ \f.,
PENINGTON, Rowr
PRoCTER, BuRTON,
PARROTT , EDWARD M.,
PrcKE LLS, REv. CHARLES,
P us EY, EDvVI N D .,
PRETTYMAN, R EV . F . ].,
Boston lnst. Technology, Boston, Mass.
. Towson, Mel.
. Annapolis, Md.
Granite, Baltimore Co., Mel.
Granite, Baltimore Co., Mel.
203 E. Preston St., Baltimore, Md .
1423 H St. , N. E., Washington, D. C.
Bremmer St., Boston, Mass.
. Bel Air, M d.
220 St . Paul St., Baltimore, Mel.
209 Lanca:;ter St., Albany, N. Y.
rrrs St. Paul St., Baltimore, Mel.
Annapolis, Mel .
907 Market St., Wilmington, Del.
. Bel Air, Mel.
. Gen . Theo . Sem., N .Y .
8 Grates Place, Blackheath, London, S. E .
Annapolis, Md.
Lexington, Va .
RANDALL , HoN. J oHN WtRT,
RA NDALL , DANIEL R ..
R AN DALL, BLANCHARD,
RANDALL, BuRTON A.,
RANDALL, T. HENRY, .
RANDALL, W YATT W .
RAY, jOH N G.,
REVELL, jUDGE JAMES,
REVEL , E.]. W., .
RIDouT, DR vv. G .,
RIDOUT, ]01-IN,
REESE, GEo. C.,
Ann apolis, Mel.
Annapolis, Mel.
Exchange Building, Baltimore, Mel.
. r8o6 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.
Madison Square, N ew York City, N . Y.
Lawrenceville, N. ] .
. Annapol is, Mel
Annapolis, Mel.
209 St. Paul St., Baltimore, Md .
Annapolis, Mel.
Annapolis, Mel .
Elkton , Mel .
45
�RAMSBURG, JESSE H., .
REGISTER, GEO. M.,
RoBERTS, REv. EMERSON P.,
RILEY, HoN. H. R.,
RoDGERS, HoN . JoHNS .,
RIDGLEY, HAROLD C .,
Ross, ARTHUR M.,
RIDGELY, REGINALD H .,
RosEBERRY , ]. R.,
SASSCER, FREDERI CK ,
STEELE, GEo. A., .
SHOBER, WILLIAM B. ,
STUMP, HERMAN A.,
SMITH , REV. ERNEST c.,
STEVENS, J. KEMPE,
SINCELL, E. H.,
SLOANE, DAVID w .,
SouTHGATE, GEo. T.,
ScHLEY, W . ScoTT, Jr.,
SNYDER, RoY H.,
SIMMONS, R. E. ,
SKIRVIN, w . A.,
SMITH, w. D.,
STARLINGS, A. SYDNEY,
SERCUSON, REV . R. K.,
STINE, JOSEPH, .
Frederick City,
Lewes,
Bishopville,
Annapolis,
Ellicott City,
Annapolis,
U.S.N. A ., Annapolis,
Annapolis,
Laurel,
Md.
Del.
Md .
Md .
Md.
Md.
Md .
Md.
Md .
Upper Marlboro, Md.
Elkton, Md.
Cumberland, Md.
Bank of Baltimore Building, Baltimore, Md .
1933 St. Paul St., Baltimore, Md .
Denton, Md .
Oakland, Md .
Lonaconing, Md.
Annapolis, Md .
Tompkinsville, N . Y.
. Port Deposit, Md.
Continental National Bank, St. Louis, Mo.
912 E. Preston St ., Baltimore, Md.
West Point, N. Y.
Annapolis, Md.
Seaford, Del.
Severn Hotel, Baltimore, Md.
Annapolis, Md.
TILTON, McLANE,
Norfolk, Va.
TILTON, JoHN G., Attorney-at-Law ,
Churchill, Md.
TRENCHARD, WILLIAM E.,
Times Building, Baltimore, Md.
TUNIS, E. L.,
Lexington and Calvert Sts., Baltimore, Md.
cor.
THOMAS, DANIEL M. ,
207 N . Calvert St., Baltimore, Md.
TucK, PHILEMON H.,
Pittsville, M d.
TRUITT, JoHN T., .
Elkton, Md.
TORBETT, VICTOR M.,
Princess Anne, Md.
TuLL, GoRDON,
Templesville, Md.
TEMPLE, JOHN, .
Norfolk, Va.
TILGHMAN, GRANVILLE, M.,
Norfolk, Va.
TILGHMAN, HovVARD,
Fishing Point, Md.
THOMAS, T. TASWELL,
Cambridge, Md .
THOMPSON, J . WATSON,
TALBOT, H. W. ,
THOMPSON, E. M .
THOMPSON, ]AMEs GuY,
TALBOTT, HoN. HATTERSBEY W . ,
TULL,]. L.,
TIPPETT, R. B.,
. Rockville,
Gaithersburg,
. Annapolis,
Rockville,
Tulls Corner,
Walbrook,
\i\T ATKINS, REV. R. IRVING ,
WATKIN, F . ENGRAM,
WILMER, JOSEPH R. .
WILMER, L . ALLISON,
WILLS, GEORGE, .
WEBSTER, EDWIN,
WALTON, DR. H. R.
WILLIAl'viS , ]AY D . , .
WELLES, REV. FRANK P. ,
WORTHINGTON , JOHN D.,
WILLEY, A. C.,
WALLER , J . H .,
WAGAMAN, S.M.,
WILHELM, W. H .,
\iVILSON , H. B.,
\!VILLARD, ARTHUR D.,
WINCHESTER, H. R ., M.D.,
WATKINS, }AS. C.,
WILSON, c. F .,
WILLIAMS, R. H.,
WAGAMAN, F. G.,
WALLS,C . L., .
WrLEY, SPRIGNEL PAYNE
W YATT, REV. c. T.,
,
WHITE, FRAN CIS 0.,
WILKINSON, A. L ., .
WOLFINGER, ScoT M.,
WHITSON, K . L.,
Md .
Md .
Md.
Md .
Md.
Md .
New Castle, Del.
Annapolis, Md .
Annapolis, Md.
La Plata, Md.
Annapolis, Md.
. Bel Air, Md.
Annapolis , Md.
Salisbury, Md.
Croome, Md.
_
Bel Air, Md.
care]. H. Willey, Syracuse, N. Y.
Salisbury, Md .
Hagerstown, Md .
Beckleysville, Md.
r ro6 S . roth St., Omaha, Neb.
Broad Run, Md.
. Annapolis, Md.
409 E. Pratt St., Baltimore, Md.
55 Franklin St., New York City.
Drum Cliff, Md .
Hagerstown, Md .
Ingleside, Md.
. Law Building, Baltimore, Md.
. Cri sfield, Md.
Annapolis, Md.
905 McCulloh St., Baltimore, Md .
Hagerstown , Md.
Hagerstown, Md.
YELLOTT, OSBORNE I.,
YELLOTT, REv. J m- N I.,
I
Towson, Md.
Highland, Md .
47
�THE SENIOR.
4
�SENIOR CLASS.
�Class of '99.
Motto-lil omnia paratus.
Colors- GARNET AND \iVHTTE.
Class Yell.
Rock-chock! Jay-hawk! Hi! Ho! Ha!
Ninety-nine ! N inety-nin e ! ' Rah! 'Rah! 'Rah!
Officers.
Hl<: NRY G. DouGLAS, Presid ent.
\A/ ALTE R L. B Ri\DY, Vice-President.
P. DouGLAS LYONS, Secretary.
T . A. CoLLISON, Treasurer.
Members.
F. I olms Bohanan, .
Walter L. Brady, .
Thomas A. Collison,
Henry G. Douglas,
Frank \i\T . Evans,
P . Douglas Lyons,
William L. Mayo,
Ridgley P. Melvin,
Eugene H. Mullan,
Daniel H. Nichols,
Joseph M. Sinclair,
John S . Strahom, .
Park Hall, Mel.
Cornhill St., Annapolis, Mel.
Linkwood , Mel .
Rosaryville, 1\!Icl.
Salisbury, Mel.
2215 N. Calvert St. , Baltimore, Mel.
Market St., Annapolis , Mel .
. Hotel Maryland , Annapolis, Mel .
r 14 College Ave., Annapolis , Mel.
rog Main St., Annapolis, Mel.
N aval Academy, Annapolis , Mel.
Annapolis, Mel.
53
�History · of
'99.
T H A S BE EN SA ID, " H appy are those who have no history." Yet that does
not necessarily imply that those who have a hi story are unhappy.
Never did a more happy and joyou s class ever enter upon the threshold _
of
graduation than the Class of '99 · Even though we should not pick_up a p_en t~ JOt
down one event in our whole college course, yet the mark of N m ety-mne I S so
en rrraved in all the worki·n gs of the College that for ages to come it will be looked
upbto as a model. E ven upon the chairs and desks of the class~ room _our marks
will r emain until effa ced by some m aliciou s hand . Yes, our history I S too well
proclaimed to attempt to suppress it. A nd since the College l~as the hono~ of
bearing forever our imprint, why should we deny the Class of oo the honor of
publi shing the third and last ·w ritten history of our honored. a~1d respected class?
So with thi s noble spirit which has always been charactenstlc of the clas~, v~e
condescend to chronicle fo r th eir fir st publi cation , the College A nnual, whi~h I S
even now their g reatest pride, a true record of the events and wonderful aclueve-
I
ments of our class.
w e have already recorded , in previous publications, the asse~nbling of thirtyeight vottths of many diffe rent types, but consistin g chiefl y of nu1ocen~ cherubs
from -the rural di stricts. T hese, however, soon fo rmed themselve~ rnto that
·
g reat orgam· zatw n known as t1 Cl ass of ' 99· D t:1ring that )'ear • which was th e
1e
.
.
beginnin o- of our college course, we disting ui shed ourselves m athleti cs as well
b
.
I
v
as in our studtes, and so we11 d. d we con d uc t om·se 1 es , that at the close of th e
year we r eceived much praise from the P resident of the College.
It is a notable fact that there has always been i'n the Class of '99 a ten:lency .
111
to skip recitati ons. In the inauguratio n of this custom, which occ u~red early _o ur
Freshman year , persuasion did n ot av ail , but only mere for ce obtam ed the_ des tred
· · t A t a meetin o- it was declared that any m emb er who did not skt p when
O DJCC .
b'
"
,
d ·
·, t tl1
the class so desired, should be declared g uilty by the Judge an giVel1 111 0
e
hands of the "chief- slatter" t o receive hi s five -and-twenty. Never afterwards
was th eTe, or has there been, any obj ection to skipping classes.
54
W e have recorded previously how, when May came around, and the night
of the great "Shirt-tail l'arade" was at hand , we defeated the Sophomores in the
cane-rush. But to leave this and other achievements which did credit to us as
Freshmen, we co me to a mor e interesting stage of our career-the Sophomore
year.
vVhen we were assembl ed for the second time we found that many of our
members had "fallen by the ·wayside," and although several new members had
joined us, we fott'nd that, on the whole, ten of the old members were conspicuous
by their absence. However, our one yea r's experience had been of g reat benefit
to us, and what v lacked in n umbers was made up in genius. Anoth er thing
ve
we found out was that during our absence in the summer many changes had
occurred in the College. Th e most notable of these was that, much to our reli ef,
" Th e Old Bird'' had taken his flig ht far , far away, never to return . vVe also
had the pleasure of welcoming to our class "Peter" Brady, who, recogni zing the
superior qualities of which it was composed, preferred to desert his own class and
gradu ate with us.
Durin g this year five of our members secured positions on tbe F ootball
T eam, six on the Baseball T eam , and one on the R elay T eam. vVe wer e quite
pro ud o f the fact that we then held second place in the interclass Football contes t,
second place in the College field sports, and that we mi.doubtedly had th e strongest
Baseball T eam in College. So, letting this suffice to prove our athletic abilities,
we refer to yet another thing which vve as a class did in our Sophomore year.
T his was the adopting of a class p in, the first ever adopted in the history of the
College. It is made in "the class colors, maroon and white, and the cut may be
seen in thi s volume.
A s Sophomores it is needless to say tha t, in our estimation, there was no
place large enough to hold us. As a matter of course we wielded our authority
with an iron hand, and in consequ ence the F reshmen were quite obedi ent and
r espectful.
In our Junior year the r emarkable intellectual powers which had been gradually developing began to manifest themselves. Not that we made any brillia11t
marks in the r ecitation room. F ar from it. vVe could never be accused of that.
Unlike our immediate predecessors, we ar e a class which n ever has cared for
hig h marks. But we manifested our abiliti es by the v
vork which we did as a class.
W e proved ourselves true to our motto, "In Om nia P aratus," and as a result of
our diligent efforts, the R AT-T AT, which was ori ginated by the Class of '97, and
which th e Class of '98 failed to get out, was successfully publi shed. Thi s undertakin g, while costing us a vast amount of labor , nevertheless gave us much needed
ex peri ence, which has since proved of great value to us.
Toward the close of the year, when our country became involved in the war
with Spain, one of our members volunteered in the Fifth Maryland Regiment,
55
�thus sacrificing an important part of his college life for the service of his country.
Being, however , retain ed in the service only five months, he was enabled to return
to College i'n time to enter upon hi s Senior year.
At last the time came when w e assembled in the halls of our Alnw 111 ater for
the last year of our college life. Our long-treasured hopes were realized and we
wer e Seniors-yes, grave, dignified Seniors, possessed with a consciousness of
the responsibilities which rested upon us. We entered upon our duties with the
realization of the fact that it vvas the last year which would present such favorable
opportunities for a preparation for our future life. We resolved that in no way
should the standard of the College be lowered, eith er in studies, or athletics, or
any of those features which help to make college life so plea sant. The Collegian
under our guidance retained, if not surpassed, its usual standard of excellence,
and meri ted the prai se of the A lumni and fri ends of the College. In athleti cs
St. J ohn's r etained her already high standard.
In the first part of May the "Shirt-tail Parade," which feature has been previously r eferred to, took place in all its grandeur. Th e long procession of whiterobed figures \vas, after some preliminary movements, draw n into line for dress
parade, to hear the orders read. A di splay of calcium lights illuminated the
ghost-like battalion, to the great enj oyment of an immense crowd of spectators.
This feahn·e of the "S hirt-tail Parade" is o'ne to be remembered by the College
students long after other things are forgotten.
The time is now at hand when the Class of '99 must prepare to depa rt
forever from the well-beloved precincts of old St. John's . Needless to say, our
departure will be attended with great sorrow and regret- sorrow, since we must
part from those with whom we . have been associated for so long ; regret, that
perhaps we have not fulfilled our duty as we should have.
The past brings to our memory recollections of the happy times and pleasant
associates which it has been our privilege to enj oy.
The distant, uncertain Future, which is to witness the fate of every one now
awaits us. We know not what adverse stream may tend to mar the current of
our lives, but we enter upon our future life with assurance of a well-spent college
course, and with that determination w hich has always characterized the Class
of '99, nam ely, that of " being prepared in all things."
I
s6
THE JUNIOR .
�JUNIOR CLASS.
�Class of 1900.
Motto-Mens agitat molem .
Colors-GARNET AND ORANGE.
Class Yell.
R a h! Rah! Rhe ! Who a re we?
We a re th e Class of the Century!
Century! Century!
Nin eteen-Hundred! S. ] . C!
Officers:
] . R. PHELPS, President.
W. H. W YATT, Vice-President.
H. G. HILL , Secretary and Treasurer.
BERTRAM W. ANDERSON, "Valier," • . . . . .
0
••
Annapolis, Md.
• • •
"I charge the e, fling away ambition."-Sizakespeare.
Society <I>. M., Q uartermaster Sergeant, ,·9 8-'99; Miscellaneous Editor of
RAT-TAT, '99; A ssista nt Manager Baseball Team, 1900 .
Lours BAER, ''Senator, ''
• • • • • • • • • •
•
• •
0
• •
. Annapolis, Md .
" Night after nig ht, he sat
And bleared his eyes with books. "-Longfellow.
Sergeant, '98-'99; Poet of R AT-T AT, '99.
BENJAMIN F. CONRAD, "La Vache," .
. . Huyett , Md.
"A man who could ma ke so vile a pun,
Would not scruple to pick a pocket. " -Jo/zn Dennis.
Society <I> M., Sergeant, '98-' 99; V ice-President of class, '97-' 98; Literary
Editor of RAT-TAT, '99; Sub. Football Tea m, '97, '98; Glee Club, '98 .
0
]OHNIB. CASSIDY, "Pat. Booth," • • • • • , • . . . . . . • Annapolis , Md.
"A wi t with dunces, and a dunce with wits."-Pope.
Extra Sergea nt , '98-'gg; Humorous Editor of RAT- TAT, '99; Class Football
Team, 'g6; Glee Club, '97·
6r
�LE RoY FAIRBANK, "Slim,"
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baltim ore, Md.
''Has a lean and hungry look,"-Shakespeare.
Society <P. K., Mandolin Club, '99; Assistant Business Manager of Collegian,
ryoo.
GEORGE B. GIRAULT, "Midge," . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annapolis, Mel.
'' Parvum in Parvo. ''
Society <P. K., Sergeant, '98-'99; Secretary Class, '96-'97.
Baltimore, Md.
CHARLES C. HERMAN, JR . , "Sis," . . . .
"Some th ere be that shadows kiss."-Shakespeare.
Society <1> . K., Color Sergeant, '98- '99; Class President, '96-'97; A ssociate
Edito r RAT-TAT, '99; Captain Class Relay T eam, '97; College Relay Team,
'g8; H op Committee, '98-'99; Humorous Editor of Collegian, rgoo.
PAUL H. HERMAN, "Pauline," . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baltimore, Md .
''Framed to make women false. ' '-Shakespeare.
Society <P. M ., Sergeant, '98-'99; Class President '97-'98; Staff Artist ot
RAT-TAT, '99; Sub. Football Team, '98; Mandolin Club, '.99; Intercollegiate and Exchange Editor of Collegian, rgoo.
. . . . Frostburg, Md.
HowARD C. HILL , "Congressman," . . . . .
"My Tongue is the pen of a ready writer."-Bib/e.
Society <P. K., Alumni Editor RAT-TAT, '99; Glee Club, '98; Literary Editor
of Collegian ,' rgoo ; Treasurer a nd S ecretary of Class '98-' 99·
THOMAS PENINGTON, ''Dumpy,'' . . . . . . . .
"A wise son maketh a glad father." Society <1>. M., First Sergeant '98-'99; Captain
Football Team, 'g6,'97,'98; Hop Committee,
Collegian, r goo.
J.
. . . . . . Seaford, Del.
Bible.
Class Football Team, '96;
'97 - '98; Athletic Editor of
RoYAL PHELPS , " Horser," . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newport, R. I.
"A horse, a horse, my kingdom for a horse!"-Sliakespeare.
Society <P. K., Sergeant, '98-gg; Class President, '98-'99; Editor-in-Chief of
RAT-TAT , '99; Class Football Tea m, 'g6; Editor-in-Chief of Collegian, rgoo.
] ESSE 0. P uRV IS, "Flip," . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . Annapolis, Md.
"Applause in spite of trivial faults is due."-Pope.
Society <1> . K., Corporal, '97-'98; First Sergeant, '98-'99; Vice-President of
Class '96-' 97; Literary Editor of RAT-TAT, '99; AJ.umni Editor of Collegian,
rgoo.
WILLIAM
J.
SHARTZER, "Dutchman," . . . . . . . . . . . . Oakland, Md·
"My only books,
Were women 's looks ,
And folly's all they've taught me. "-Moo?'e.
Society <P.M., First Sergeant, '98-'99; Business Manager of RAT-TAT, '99;
Class Football Team , '96; Football Team '97-'98; Mandolin Cluh, '97;
Leader Mandolin Club, '99; Hop Committee, '98- '99; Town and Campus
Editor of Collegian, rgoo.
·
Annapolis, Md.
HENRY P. T URNER, "N. A." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Easton, Mel.
''I never dare to be as funny as I can. "-Holmes.
Society <P . K., Sergeant, 'g8- ' 99; Secretary of Class, '98; Business Manager
of RAT-TAT, '99; Business Manager of Collegian, rgoo; Man~ger of Football T eam, rgoo.
. . West River, Md.
O scAR K. ToLLEY, "B. A." . . . . . . .
. Taylor, Md .
"Fools rush in where angels fear to tread. " -Pope.
Society <P. K., Humorous Editor of RAT-TAT, '99; Sergeant, '98-'99; Class
Relay Team, '97; Baseball Team '98; Humorous Editor Collegian, rgoo.
. . . . . . . . . . . . Cri sfield, Md.
WILLIAM P : LAwsoN . "Plunket," .
"A thing of beauty is a joy forever. " - Keats.
Society <1>. K., Sergeant, '98- '99; Miscellaneous Editor of RAT-TAT, '99·
FERDINAND WILLIAMS, "Jackass," . . . . . . . . . . . . Baltimore, Md.
"If you have tears, prepare to shed them now. "-Shakespeare.
Society <P . M., Sergeant, '98-'99 ; Secretary and Treasurer of Class, '98-'99
(resigned ); Alumni Editor of RAT-TAT, ' 99 (resigned); Football Team,
98; Baseball Team, 98; Hop Committee, '98-'99.
SAMUEL T. MACKALL, "Liz," . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mackall, Md.
"Eter?al st?il~s ?is et?p~in_ess betray. " -:-Pope.
Society <1>. M., Sergeant Major, '98-99; Corporal '97-'98; Treasurer of Class,
'97-'98; Athletic Editor of RAT-TAT, '99; Baseball Team, '97-'98; F ootball Team, '97-'98; Vice-President Athletic Association, '98-'99; Hop
Committee, '97-'98, '98-'99; Associate Editor of Collegian, rgoo.
62
WILLIAM H. WYATT, "Peggy," . . . . . . . . . . . .
. Crisfield, Md.
"Let no such man be trusted."
"Such men are dange rous. "-Shakespeare.
Society <I>. K., Sergeant, '98-'99; Corporal, '98; Class Historian, '97-'98,
'g8-'99i Vice-Pr~sident of _Class, '98- '99; Alumni Editor of RAT-TAT, '99;
Ma?dolm Club, 99; Asststant Manager Football Team , 'g8; Literary
Edttor of Collegian, 1900.
CHARLES H. HoDGES , . . . . . . . .
"The firste vertue, sone, if thou wilt !ere,
Is to res treine, and kepen wei thy tonge. "-C/zaucer.
Sergeant, '98-' 99·
WALTON HoPKINS, "Cherub,"
"Laugh and grow fat ."-Jolmsott.
Society <I>. K., Sergeant, '98-' 99·
�History of l900.
HERE BEGAN TO GATHER, on a balmy day of
September, in the year eighteen hundred and ninety-six,
a band of youths, picked and chosen from far and near.
It would require a writer of Chaucer's abilities to give
a true picture of them as they labored up .t he verdant
campus, loaded down with their bulged-out satchels, grips,
etc. Anyhow, close attention was not necessary to observe
the hayseeds clinging to their straggling locks, the lagging
gait of the country lad, and the resigned expression on their youthful faces. But
notwithstanding these characteristics, they presented a striking appearance.
Their broad shoulders and healthy looks showed that some day the fellow who
should run against them in football would have cause to regret it.
But let us look more closely at them. vVho is that rollicking youth with a
don't-care expression on his face? Why, perhaps you have heard of him through
his renown in baseball. He never minds the weather when engaged i·n this
sport. He has a suspicious look, but his name is 0. K. Tolley, and therefore he
must be ail right. Surely you ought to know that hero with the daring Yankee
look on his face, the famous bareback pony rider, "Horser" Phelps. And here
is a hero as broad as he is long, with so much flesh that we must caii him
"Dumpy." What about this curly-headed boy with a smiling face and twinkling
eyes? Certainly you know him, for he is a heart-breaker (in his mind) among
the fair sex. His name is Herman, but we will call him Pauline, to distinguish
him from his brother, " Sis," who is destined to be the leader of this valiant band
in their role as Freshmen. But here is an Annapolitan, rather diminutive, but
possessing the air of a tragedian. If you would enjoy a good laugh, seek the
presence of "Pat Booth," Irish comedian and dramatist, known among the
people of the Ancient City as Cassidy. But do 11ot fail to form the acquainrance
of "Dutch" Shartzer, the musician, who ever has a choice vocabulary of AngloSaxon words at hand. It is also necessary to introduce "Liz" Mackall who
wiii appear very frequently in this recital. Unlike his classmate, "D~mpy"
Penington, his breadth is not as great as his length; while receiving the warm
sun rays of Calvert, he continued to grow towards the sky.
64
But let this suffice. A description of all these individuals would crowd everything else out of the book. Their deeds are to be recorded, not their good looks
or their other peculiarities. Yet it is well to know them, that you may become
better acquainted with them later on.
The greedy Class of '99 feasted their eyes on these heroes; expecting to find
ri>ch fruit. \iV ell, they probably did obtain some consolation for the "running" they
had experienced the preceding year, as the boys did not care to show too much of
their spirit, but behaved like model Freshmen. If any of these naughty Sophs.
had a girl in town, he was very careful that no Freshie should form her
acquaintance.
It is well said that at St. John's there is as much enthusiasm displayed over
football as in any college in the United States, so the Freshmen were aroused to
an early exhibition of their prowess on the gridiron. They were used as "scrubs,"
and many had their tales of woe to tell after the first line-up. But this by no
means checked their ardor, for our "Dumpy" got rid of some of his superfluous
flesh and held center for the orange and black that season. When the time
for the class games came around, Nineteen-hundred quickly organized a team
which gave Ninety-eight all the fun they were looking for, and we were clowned
only after a hard struggle.
After the football season had closed, the harum-scarum Sophomores began a
series of petty annoyances. Nothing pleased them more than to make a raid on
a Freshman's room and .cause it to appear as if a cyclone had recently swept over
that section . This same crowd had a pet English mastiff in their "Zoo," who
did not appreciate a "bow-wow" at him. One day a Freshman had the audacity
to bark at him. At this "doggie" became furious and called a meeting of his
comrades to mete out punishment to the offender. But wrath and woes descended
not only upon his head, but his classmates also felt the hand of vengeance, in the
early hours of morning, when this hobo gang swooped down upon them in their
dreams. But as their catfish leader said, they came merely to give warning this
time, but beware!
The Freshmen participated in the winter series of boxing matches, held
on their floor, and nacl their fun whenever one of them ·happened to land accidentally ( ?) a heavy blow on a Soph.'s face, and see him lose his temper and get
furious.
N in eteen-hundred's essential quality, unity, was well illustrated when one of
the special "Preps." came up on their floor and played a prank on one of their
number, which was resented because it came from a fourth-ward man. So Nineteen-hundred at once united and put him off the floor, amid the shouts of the other
classes. Wnen the offender reached the lower floor he was in a very dilapidated
condition, and immediately sought the aid of his fellow-classmen. This coilection hurried up to the Freshmen floor with the intention cf doing something
65
�desperate, but came to terms when the whole Freshman Class approached them
armed with bed slats.
In May, a hobo gang of white-robed figures surprised the sleeping Freshies with an evening call, warning them to pay due regard to the laws prepared
for their benefit. Outside of a little scaring, nothing serious resulted from this.
Baseball season had now arrived. Long boy "Liz" Mackall achieved success
by capturing a position on the team, while our friend Tolley was not so fortunate,
as he succeeded only in making substitute. But his time was yet to come. In track
athletics, Nineteen-hundred did not do particularly well, as it was the first opportunity they had had for trying these sports. However, her Relay Team made a
good showing. The remainder of the year, especially after the struggle with
the final examinations, was pleasantly passed in idleness.
In the fall, Nineteen-hundred returned, leaving many a fair maiden's heart
in distress. It was noted with sorrow that some were absent, but the class was
consoled by the appearance of a few worthy individuals fortunate enough to
become Sophomores. Although "Scabby" Lawson did not create an excessive
amount of excitement, it was due, it is safe to say, to ignorance on the part of
those unacquainted with 'li.im. Since then he has captured honors and won a
crown. But space will not permit his achievements to be recorded. The "Bird,"
C. Carter Reynolds, was not alone to grace Nineteen-hundred's "Zoo," for to the
great amazement of everybody , one clay a cow was seen loping up the green
campus. His class, from their proclivity to French, immediately named him
"La vache Conrad. " It is supposed that he escaped from near Hagerstown. But
another animal was let loose, this time from Baltimore. It is difficult to say
whether he has ever closed his mouth or not, even in his sleep. At first he entered
the Cla.ss of 'or, but he deserves credit for perceiving the advantage that he would
derive from leaving that dass and joining the Class of 'oo. On account of his
constant braying, he is everywhere known as "Jackass" Williams. The others
you may meet later on.
Of course, Nineteen-hundred had the usual amount of dignity possessed by
Sophomores. Very soon, they reorganized, and adopted a class pin and class cap.
It was easily seen that the class had improved greatly since their Freshman year.
They were the life of the College at all times; they seemed to take an active
interest in all affairs pertaining to the interests of the College. During their
Freshman year, they were somewhat restricted from taking a forward position
in matters, but now there was nothing to prevent them from doing anything
they wished. With a large and firmly united class, nothing appeared too great
or too difficult to try. This year, Nineteen-hundred contributed valuable material
to the Football Team. The splendid work of "Dumpy" Penington, "Liz" Mackall, "Buzz" Reynolds, "Dutch" Shartzer, and "Cow" Conrad was commented
upon by every one in the College. No class games were arranged, so Nineteen-
jumping over the center-field fence and catching a fly on the wing before it hit the
ground. Nineteen-hundred had one member, C. C. Herman, on the Relay Team.
It is quite unusual for a class to hold many members until the Junior year, but
.in September, r898, twenty gallants of Nineteen-hundred returned to grace the
halls and walks of old St. John's. But in a few days this number was increased
by the arrival of a tall, slim young man, who called himself Leroy_Fairbank.
Football, of course, claimed the new Juniors' attention, and this year they had
five nien on the team and two "subs." Besides these, about half of the members
of the second team were Nineteen-hundred men. · At the end of the season, NineleC11-hundred, realizing her strength, challenged the other classes to play for the
66
67
hunclrecl did not have the wished-for opportunity of showing her brawn in this
sport.
Owing to this interest in football, the collection of greenies had run a little
out of the proper course, but a few corrections brought them to subjection. The
fellows, however, could not resist the temptation of indulging in a little harmless
"running" at the expense of the Freshies, for they were a young and innocent
looki11g lot, and had to be looked after.
Agai'n baseball claimed their attention. By faithful practice, Mackall, Williams, Tolley and Hill won places on the College Team. Tolley's turn had come
at last; his base sliding was the feature of every game, and he broke all records by
�interclass championship, but none of them seemed to care much about running up
against the Ju'n ior Team. Therefore Nineteen-hundred virtually holds the championship of the College.
About this time the Sophomores took it into their heads to chastise the Freshmen a little. On the appointed night, or rather morning, the Sophs. congregated
in their leader's room, where, finding that their number was not sufficiently large
for their purpose, they asked three Juniors, who were in the immediate vicinity, to
assist them in their undertaking. A few days later the Faculty got wind of the
affair and summoned a number of the students before them. The Sophomores
and one Junior confessed and were suspended, although the Juniors had simply
been spectators. When the Faculty's decision was read, Nineteen-hundred
immediately left chapel, and in the class-meeting which · £ollowed, resolved to
stand by their classmate. Before the day was over the Faculty r econsidered
their action, as the students had in the meantime agreed not to do any more hazing during the session.
After this affair, Nineteen-hundred settled down and devoted their time to
the preparation of this book. They had a hard struggle with the semi-annual
examinations, which for some reason were much more difficult than they had
expected.
It is clearly evident that the class is now in a stronger position than ever
before. In athletics her members have achieved brilliant successes. Although
they are now and then characterized by a spirit of fun and liveliness, their practical
jokes n ever interfere with the College curriculum. There are twenty-one men
in the class, who are and have been so firml y united that dissension has never
arisen among them. Doubtless this unity has been one of the causes of the
success that has attended them in all their efforts. The class has an excellent
prospect of placing several of its members on the Baseball Team, while many of
them are expected to shine in track athleti cs. But let us draw the curtain here
and permit Nineteen-hundred to write a few more pages in Father Time's
record book.
HrsTORIA~.
68
5
THE SO PHOMOR E.
�SO PHO MO RE CLA SS .
�Class of l90l.
Mo tto-Faire mon devoi1'.
Colo rs- OLIVE AND \VHITE .
Class Yell.
S is ! Boom! F ling!
S is ! Boom! Fling!
rgor is the thing!
Are we in it ?
Well , I g uess !
St. J ohn' s Co llege !
]{es ! ]{es ! ]{es!
Officers.
G. FRANKLIN vVrsxER , President.
J OHl\" R. CAULK, V ice-P resid ent.
E . C. FoNTAINE, Secretary .
\VILLARD J. \ VILEY,
Trea~urer.
Members.
P hi li p J . Kearn ey .
Harry S. A lmony.
A ndrew H. K rug.
J ohn P . B ri scoe.
Henry L. Retz.
Tracy Brown.
G. Richard Roberts.
J ohn R. Ca ulk.
Harry G. Rullman.
Oscar B. Cobl entz.
Willard J. Wi ley ,
E. Clarke Fo ntaine.
G. F rank lin vVisner.
Irvi ng D. Ireland.
Malco lm MeL. \Vorthing ton .
73
�History of 190 l .
During the vacation a number of our m embers, eith er from necessity or
desire to pursue a different course of study, decided not to return. We regret
th e loss of these men, but our wishes are that in some future clay, whether or not
their names are enrolled among those of the prominent men of the world, they
may look back with pride and rem ember that they were once students of St. John's
and members of the Class of 'or. D eath overtook one classmate, a.nd as one who
was beloved and esteemed by all, his loss brought grief into our midst.
.
At the opening of College this ):ear we found that the vacant places of those
absent ones had been filled by new men. Much to our joy, we discovered that
they w·e re worthy of becoming members of Nineteen-one, and that they could
uphold our supremacy in intell ectual strength. Following the example set by the
classes of the few latter years, we decid ed to el ect n ew officers each vear but our
worthy President was re-elected . Of course i.t was necessary for a class 'like ours
to express its sentim ents in a motto, a nd " Faire mon devoi1'" ("to do my duty"),
th e first French motto which has ever been adopted at St. John's, was chose n.
That our m en have a love for, as well as a good taste in the selection of, the
beautiful is clearly demonstrated by th e ha ndsome class pin and colors-olive and
white-which were selected.
T IS DIFFICULT to look back upon th e year that has passed a nd remember
that we were once green, insignificant and much-despi sed F reshm en. Yet
to-clay we are grand, g lori ous, honorable Sophomores! vVhat th oug hts the
memor y calls up! How we crou ched beneath the haug hty gaze of the Senior, or
iookecl up to th e Junior, and envie<l the Sophomore. Then vv e "saw as through
a glass cla rld y," but now th ose tim es have passed, th e clay of g lad ness is at hand,
so let us rejoice.
It is a fact th at the Class of 'or, since its org·ani zati o·n, has not been noted for
its numb ers. B ut of th at number , what! 'Tis not quantity that makes superiority, but quality. Read the histories of th ose who have preceded us, a nd you
will find that some of the smallest classes did the best work a nd the most for
St. J ohn's If a class consists of ever so few men, and they h e united , as N inet een-one has always b een , let them fight their way and v ictory shall be their
rewa rd.
During that year of youthful innocence in which we were known as
" Freshi es," many were the trials a nd difficulti es undergone by us. V\Te were,
according to a custom, given the usual training by the "Sophs." They took upon
th em selves th e duty of preparing us for our future college life, and we mu st
confess th at this ed ucati on, if such it ma y be call ed, lin gered in our memories long
a fter we had forgotten th e value of x, or who was th e las t Roman emp eror, and
no doubt man y of us would have been di sappointed had we 'n ot rece ived these
midnig ht visits. Despite the fact th a t v were in thi s way made the object of the
ve
"Sophs." attention, we kn ow that we were kindly treated in comparison with
som e of th ose who had preceded us.
\ Ale worked earn estly during our Freshman year, and most of us were
rewat·cl ecl by passing all of our exami'nations. A few , however, fa iled and retired
to th e rea r with th e determinati on of doing better work in th e futnre. It was with
both pride and interest th a t we awaited th e close of th e session , as we had performed very creditably th e work allotted to us as a Freshman Class. Then we
b ecam e conscious of our intellectual strength . as n earl y half of the class had
obtain ed fir st g rade certifi cates. The futur e seem ed bright and inviting. a nd
after parting we repai·red to our respective h om es.
. Vl/e hac! learn ed from those around us the value of class unity, and nobly
chcl we stand togeth er in that our time o f distress. But before we could reach the
parental hearths, the two upper classes took speeclv m easures to secure o ur
resto:ation. This consisted in getting th e Freshman .Class to promise to obey
certam rul es of conduct mad e by the uppe r classes. On thi s condition pled ges to
ab stain from hazin g for the remainder of th e season were o-iven by th e three
high er classes. Th en, aft er a petition to the Fac ulty, we w:re restored to our
former honorab le positions. If the purpose for which we had espoused the cause
of hazing could be effected through any other m eans , we were perfectly satisfied.
Thus was it our victory, and so " all's well that ends well. "
N ineteen-one, or rather those who compose it, have ever been a set of sensitive
men, and th e hi storia n feels a delicacy in approaching th e subject of personal
74
75
I
ln the ea rly part of thi s session, rem embering our experi ences of the previous
year, we came to the conclu sion that hazing in some cases was both necessary
and beneficial, and th erefore we determined to haze a man, not because he was a
Freshman, but because he needed it. Soon it became necessary for us to act. Of
th e Class of ' 02 th ere were five members in whom we determined to in still respect
for the upper classes. At , 2.30 a. m ., October 3 r, we rounded them up and led
th em clown to the "Gym." There we will draw the curtain. Everything was
appa rently quiet for a few clays, but th e Faculty had taken the affair in hand and
we were summoned before th em. F eeling perfectly able to justify ourselves, we
confessed our actions, but the Faculty couldn't see it as we did, so nine of our
m embers were suspended.
�hi story, as he imagines fe w of them would care to reveal to th eir loved ones at
home-and loved ones in Annapoli s also-the many and va ried titles tha t are
daily bestowed upon them. But as this history is not chronicled so much fo r
their benefit as fo r the edification of the public, let us hav e the truth.
.E very class at S t. J ohn's is blessed with any number of those pestilential
bugs known as Easter'n S horemen, and we are no exception. Among these there
is one whom we all know as .. Daffy" R oberts, and if you ever meet him, you will
know him also, fo r hi s trouser-legs are six ty-one in ches long, and he stands just
six feet in his stockings, wh en he has any on, so I will leave it to the reader 's
keen pe1•ceptio·n to know this individual when he meets him.
O n ce upon a time ther e was a m onkey, a nd it is said by som e and believed by
others that he became a man. If you doubt thi s, call around som e clay a nd we will
show you the mi ssin g link bet ween a ma n and a monkey, by the name of F ontaine,
e:: ven if h e has no spin al appendix. "Harry," "Jim ," "Chief" A lmony, or wha tever hi s latest title may be, has proved a disappointment to man y. With all the
chances of victory with th e fair damsels of th e A ncient City, he sta rted in hi s
g lorious pa th, but soon fe l1 hy th e wayside. T hu s a little thing, even a ha t-pin,
may change a man's destiny.
O ur old f ri end and adviser, '' P arson" Wi sner, has changed f rom the studious
habits whi ch he pursued last year, a nd thi s year has been engaging in a new business- walking from a nd to P inkney Hall at a bout the hours of 8.oo and 10.30
o'clock each nig ht, S unday not excepted, and it is to be inferred that some fair lady
of A nnapoli s is th e obj ect of his devoted attentions.
T here is one Caulk-called by some Cork- from the same place as the abovementioned " D affy." He is under the impression that he is so on going to the
promised land , a nd if you loo k at him cross-eyed, h e will inform you that it will
g ive h im a cold . "Stump '' vVorthing ton is both in na ture a nd form sawed off
and hammered dow·n, and we are a fraid th at by the time he becomes a S eni or he
will have to walk on stilts in order to look dig nified . Th ese a re only a few of t11 e
adventures and titles of some of the m embers of thi s t ruly g reat class .
Vve wo uld not in a class hi story leave out our part in that great adjunct of a
collegiate education-athl eti cs. V·- h cannot boast, it is true, of having th e g reatest
number of men on the various team s, becau se w e have n ot enough men to be able
to do so, but we feel satisfied that those who have been placed in these pos itions
were worth y of the places th ey held, a nd tha t th ey did their best in fulfillm ent of
th eir d uti es . Jn our F reshman year we were represented on both th e F ootball
and Baseball Tea ms. T hi s yea r we had one of the best players on th e F ootball
T eam, a ma n who had developed him self into a star playe r i'n one year. \ N'e also
expect to p lace o ur m en on the Baseb all Team and on th e F ield S po rt Contests
thi s year. Espec iall y does it behoove us to m aintain the hig h standard of excell ence
to whi ch S t. J ohn's has always attained. T o athletics we will always give our
h ea rti est suppo rt, a nd in proportion to our numuers help to bea r th e sta nda rd of
St. J ohn 's to v ictory.
Th e foregoing- 11·e feel to be a t ru e acco unt of some of t he event s th at have
~1 a p pened to, ancl til e fo r tun es that have fo llowed, t hi s honorabl e class. V
Vherever
1ts member s have bee n, they have p roved tru e to th eir motto, and by doin a· th eir
du ty l:a1e aclvar;ced the class to its present hi g h position. A nd when ~n our
retu_ nex t yea r, hav in g clim be d another step in t he co urse a ncl gain ed th,c titi ~ oi
rn
Jun1_ors an cl upp :.: r-c lassmen, let us hope th a t we will all be uni ted aga in a nd
contmu e to ra1se til e sta nd a rd o f l\ in etee n-one an d ac hi eve honor a nd o·lory for
nld S t. J ohn 's.
"'
Hr ST O RI AN.
76
77
�lin memoriam.
<rbarles lb. IDenisont
of tbe
(!lass of 1Rineteen==bunbreb==anb==ont,
:annapolis, rob.
:fSorn,
1880.
lDtet'l, 3-Ul)? 30, 1898.
jfortis atque
ft~elt s.
Ti l E F RES IHI A"' .
" H o w tencl ed y he ga th ers th e m in. · '
�Class of 1902.
Motto-Fideli ceria merces.
Co lo rs-O RANGE AND GREEN.
Class Yell.
Hip! Hip! H ip! Hi! Ho! Ha!
Vve a re co ming-,
'Rah! 'I~ah ! 'Rah!
Co ming, coming, coming·, who?
St. John 's! St. John 's! 1902.
Officers.
vVILLfi\M 0. SI'A'l'ES, P res ident . .
LE ROY P . BA I
;:ER, V ice-Pres id ent.
vV. \AlAY:-JE KEYS, Sec reta ry.
R ICIL\RD B. S I'E:-JCER, Treasu rer.
Members.
W. Wayne Keys.
John A ftun g .
Leroy P. Baker.
\ 1\T. Osca r La l\!Iotte.
Robert T. M illi k in.
Mo rgan Morgan s.
J. Howard Beard .
L ittle ton J. B ishop.
Danie l vV. Burroug hs.
T. Spencet· C rane.
Cha rl es L. Owens.
0. Truman Pea rre .
A lex ander Randal l.
Unit Ras in.
Jay. \ 1\T. C rawford.
Charles S. Despard.
J, Charles Eichm an.
J ohn T . Russe ll.
l\11ario n D. Schoolfi eld .
W illiam Fait.
A lexander A. Gi rau lt.
J. G rant I-:Tayclen .
E lli ot I-I. Hutchens.
A ubrey j ackson.
Cha rl es M. Ke lly.
L o u H. Seth.
Wi lli am 0 . Spates.
R ichard B. Spe ncer.
Geo rge A. Staubs.
Eclwarcl I-L Tarbutton.
Samuel Townshend.
�OW IN THE TWELFTH YEAR of the reign of T ommy, King of St.
John's, there came into the kingdom a band of yo uths, impelled by a dearth
of knowledge in their own land, seel<i'ng training for their undeveloped brains out
of the immense storehouse of knowledge laid up from many years.
Novv the King took thi s band of unassuming youths into his hand, with part
of the lucre of the land of their habitation, aml he carried them into the land of
Pinkney to the fields of the fourth floor, and he brought the lu cre into the treasurehouse of the city of Ann.
And the K ing spake unto vVisneronia, master of the G. 0. H. , that he should
bring in certain of this band of youths, even to th e royal seats of the chapel.
Youths in whom there was much blemish , being ill-favored and unskilled in
wisdom , and in cunning, in knowledge, and in understanding of science, and
such as had not th e ability to stand in the King's presence, and that he should
teach them the learni.ng and th e tongu e o f th e St. John 's .
And the King appointed for them th eir daily portion of the King's meat, and
of the water which he drank, that they should be nouri shed four years.
That at the end thereo f they might stand b efore the King.
Now among these were Spa-tes, their leader ; Aftung, Despard and others
of their kind , in all thirty-two in number.
And Wi sneronia gave unto them names: unto A ftung he gave th e name
Fatty, and unto Despard he gave the name Co-lo-nel, unto Ta-rub-button he gave
the name Frog, and to the others according to their characteristics.
But Jac-ka- son purposed in his heart that he would not defile himself with the
King's meat, nor with the water which he drank : therefore he requested of Wisneronia that he might not defile himself.
Now it came to pass, as these youths began to grow in knowledge and in
favor with the King, that the followers of Wisneronia became wroth against them
and m et them in arms on the broad fields to the westward of the stronghold of
Gymnasium .
Long and fierce was the battle, lasting until the second hour i'n the morning,
when the followers of vVisneronia struck down many of the army of the youths,
taking many prisoners, whom they tortured according to the customs of the times.
vVhen King Tommy heard of thi s he grew exceeding wroth against \Visneronia and his band, and decreed that they be expelled from the kingdom.
But l_)help-si-kia, captain of a band of the kingdom's greatest warriors, made
intercession befo re th e King for the followers of Wisneronia, so that the King
withdrew hi s decree and permitted \Visneronia and his followers to remain.
But the king issu ed a decree by which this band of youths should no more be
attacked by any of the warriors of th e kingdom.
N ow the King hath a controversy with the inhabitants of the land, because
there is no truth, nor mercy, nor knowledge of respect among the youths.
There is na ught but swearing, and back-biti'ng, and breaking out.
Therefore shall th e land mourn, a nd every one that dwelleth therein shall
lang ui sh with the beasts of the field and the fowls of the air.
Yet let no man strive, n eith er let any m an reprove; for thy people are as they
tha t strive with fate; yea, n ot only aga inst Fait, but against the whole band of
youth s.
But a captain of th e K ing beheld on e of th e youth s tampering with th e storeh ouse of knowledge; then did th e K in g conven e all the captains of the
kingdom togeth er i'n th e royal seats around hi s throne, and did send thi s offender
from the kingpom.
A nd upon th e same day th e K in g issued a proclamation to all the youths of
the land.
" H ear ye, 0 ye youths, and hearken ye inhabitants of Fo urth-Floor, and give
ear, 0 greenies of F reshm en, for unto you p ertaineth judgment, for ye have been
a snare in th e kingdo m ! The revolters have gon e deep in making mischief, but
I am the rebuker o f them all."
"I kn ow Froggy, and Dani el is not hid from me: for no w, 0 F reshman , ye
have co mmitted unpard o nable faults! T he kingdom is defil ed."
Now when this youth had returned to the land of his fathers he m editated a
great deal and rep ented of hi s fault.
Then he sa id , "I will return unto the kingdom of Tommy, even unto the seats
o f hi s throne, and there I will acknowledge my fault ; I will seek his fa ce and in
m y affliction I w ill seek him ea rnestl y.''
A nd when he was come into th e presence of the King h e fell upon hi s neck
and did pray. "0 K in g, thou hast to rn and thou canst heal, thou hast smitten,
but th o u canst bind it up ; let m e return unto my pl ace .''
Then after two 'Neeks he was revived ; on the third the King raised him up
so th at he mig ht li ve before him .
A nd now hi s going out is as the mornin g, and his coming in as th e rain;
yea, as th e latter rain that watereth th e earth .
82
83
History of 1902.
N
�Then did thi s band of youth s appear befor e K ing Tommy saying, Make us,
we pray th ee, as one of thy warriors, take us and assign to us a portion of thy
kingdom.
Then did King Tommy's heart soften and he accepted them unto himself and
assign ed them that portion of the king dom wh ere th ey dwell ed, and at last th ey
were received among the warriors as equals.
B low ye th e trumpet in St. J ohn's, and sound an alarm in old Pinkney; let the
inhabitants of th e land be sorrowful, for a clay of darkness and g loominess, a day
of clouds an d thi ck darkn ess is at han d, when th e warriors of th e kingdom shall b e
separated and sent to th e land of their fa thers.
L et a ·n oise a ri se as th e noise of chariots on the tops of mountain s, as th e noise
of fir e in the stubble, for a clay is at hand when ye mu st separate from th e warriors
of the kingd om of Tomm y.
There are also many other things which these youth s did , th e whi ch if th ey
sho uld b e written every one, I suppose tha t even th e wo rld itself could not contain
th e book s th at should be w ritten. A 11ten.
�P TII LOKALTAN SOC IETY.
...- .L ~
�Philokalian Society.
I
Members.
Ha rry S . Alm ony .
L e roy P . Ba k er.
Littl e ton J . Bishop.
John R . Ca ulk .
Oscar B. Coblentz .
Th omas A. Co ll iso n.
Ch arles S. D espa rd .
Fra nk W . E vans.
L eroy J . F airba nk .
E . Clark e F o nt a in e.
A lexa nd er A. G irault .
G eorge B. G irault .
Ch:u les C. H erm a n.
H owa rd C. Hi ll.
\V alt on H opkin s.
E lliott Hutchins.
A ub rey J ack so n.
Ch a rl es M . K ell ey .
W . Way ne K ey es .
Andrew H . Kru g .
Oscar L a Mott e.
William P . L awson.
6
Willi a m L. Mayo .
Rid g ley P. Melvin .
Ch a rl es L. O wens.
0 . Trum a n P earre .
J . Ro yal Phelps.
J esse 0 . Purvi s.
U nit R asin .
G. Richard R oberts.
J ohn T . Ru ssell.
Ma rio n B. S choolfi eld .
L o u H . S eth .
J osep h M . Sincl air.
Willi a m 0 . S p a t es .
Ri chard B. S pencer.
J ohn S S tra h o rn .
E d wa rd H. T a rbutton.
Osca r K. T oll ey .
H enry P. T urn er.
Wi ll ard J. W iley.
G . Fra nk lin Wisner.
Malcolm M . Wor thington .
Wi ll iam H . W yatt.
�l.' lllLO ThJ A T LI.EA 1\ SO C IETY.
.
--
�Philomathean Society.
M embers.
J . Grant H ayden .
P aul H. Herm a n.
P . Doug las Ly ons.
S. Turn er Mackall.
John Aftung.
Bertram vV. And erso n .
F. Johns Bohanan.
J ohn P . Briscoe .
Daniel W . Burroug hs.
Benjamin F. Conrad.
Robert T. Millikin.
Thos. Peningtor. .
H arry G. Rullman.
T. Spence r Cra ne.
Jay W . Crawford .
Henry G. Dou g las.
J . Cha rles Eichman .
William Fait, Jr.
William J. Sha rtzer.
Samu el G . Townsend .
Ferdinand ·w illiams.
93
�Mandolin Club.
WILLIAM ] . SHARTZE R, P resident and L ead er.
OscA R B . CoB LENTZ, Secretary.
P AUL H. H ERMAN , Treasurer.
First Mandolins.
William]. Shartzer.
Wi lli am Fait, Jr.
William H. W yatt.
tan ley H. H a rtman .
Paul H . H erman.
Second Mandolins.
Oscar B. Coblentz.
Joseph ·M. Sinclair.
A lexander Randall.
Guitars.
B. Ve rn o n Cisse l.
R eg inald H. Ridgeley .
L eroy ]. F airbank .
] . Grant Hayden.
Flute.
A ri stoge ito n M . Soho.
95
�Glee Club.
DR. SOI-IO, PROF. CISSEL, Directors.
First Tenors.
Leroy P. Baker.
Robert Milli kin.
J ohn R. Caulk.
Second Tenors.
Henry G. Douglas .
George B. Girault.
Howard C. Hill.
John S. Strahorn .
First Bassos.
Oscar B. Coblentz.
Daniel W . Burroughs.
J. Grant Hayden .
John P. Briscoe, Jr.
John B. Cassidy .
Second Bassos.
Prof. B. V. Cissel.
Elliott H. Hutchins.
Morga n Morgans .
Th omas M. Webb.
Harry G. Rullman .
97
�Cotillion Club.
P. D. LYONS, President.
H. G. DouGLAS, Vice -President.
C. C. HERMAN, Treasurer.
Hop Committee.
P. Iilouglas Lyons, '99, Clzairman.
Ridgley P. Melvin, 'gg.
Ferdinand Williams, 'oo.
Henry G . Douglas, 'gg.
William J. Shartzer, 'oo.
F. John s Bohanan, '99·
John P. Briscoe, 'or.
S. Turner Mackall, 'oo.
W . Tracy Brown, 'or.
Charles C. Herman, 'oo.
Members.
F. Johns Boh;:~nan .
John P. Briscoe.
W. Tracy Brown.
Prof. John L. Chew .
Prof. B. Vernon Cissel.
Jay W . Crawford .
Henry G. Douglas.
William Fait. Jr.
Charles C. Herman.
Paul H. Herman.
Philip J. Kearney.
P. Douglas Lyons.
Samuel Mackall.
Ridgley P. Melvin.
Thomas Penington.
Willi a m J. Shartzer.
Ferdinand Williams.
Series of Dances.
December gtb, January r3th , January 27th, April 7th and May sth,
r8gg .
Informal Hops.
October 14th and 29th, November 4th, rgth and 25th, December 2d and r6th,
January 6th , Apri l rsth and 29th, and May 2oth.
99
�Dramatic Association.
P . DouGLAS L YONS, Preside nt .
S . T u RNER MACKA LL, S ecretary a nd Treas urer.
H ENRY P. T u RNER , Ma nag er.
J . GRANT H AYD EN , Stage Manager.
WILLI AM J . S HARTZER, Musical Director.
Members.
John B. Cassidy.
H owa rd C. Hill.
John L. Chew.
Osca r B. Coblentz.
P. D ouglas Lyons.
S . Turn er Mackall.
Thomas P ening ton.
J ay W . Crawford .
Fra nk W. E va ns .
Willi am J . Sha rtzer.
John S entman S tra horn .
H enry P. Turner.
Leroy J. F airbank .
J. Gra nt H ayden .
WILLIA M P. L AvVSON, Presid e nt .
BENJAM T F . CoNRAD , Vice-President.
N
E. C LARKE F oNTAINE, Secre ta ry .
WILLIAM J . S HARTZER , Treasurer.
Members.
Leroy P . Bak er,
E ugene H . Mulla n.
John P. Briscoe, Jr.
Benj a min F. Conrad .
E. Clarke Fontain e.
J. R oyal Ph elps.
Willi a m J . Shartzer.
Ma rion B. S ch oolfi eld.
Ferdinand Williams .
Howard C. Hill.
Willia m P. L awson.
roo
Willi a m H . W yatt.
IOI
�Officers.
FRANK W. EVANS, President.
H ENRY G. DouGLAS, Vice-President.
HowARD C. HILL, Secretary.
B. F. CONRAD, Treasurer.
Members.
Harry S. Almony.
Frederick F . Brig·gs.
Leroy P. Baker.
John P. Briscoe, Jr.
Daniel W. Burroughs .
B. A . Bryan.
John R . Caulk.
T . Spencer Crane.
Oscar B. Cobl e ntz.
Jay W. Crawford .
E . Clarke Font aine.
Elliott H . Hutchins.
Aubrey Jackson .
W. Wayne Keys.
Andrew H . Kru g.
Oscar La Motte.
William P. Lawson
Charles Owens .
J. Richard Roberts .
Marion B. Schoolfield .
Joseph M. Sinclair.
Lou H. Seth.
William 0 . Spates .
JohnS. Strahorn.
Samuel G. Townshend.
Henry P . Turner.
G . Franklin Wisner.
Willard J. Wiley .
Malcolm M. Worthington.
!02
�Military Department.
MAJOR B. V. CrsSEL, Commandant o f Cadets.
Staff and Non-Commissioned Staff.
Cad et-Li eutenant E. H. M uLLAN, Adjutant.
Cadet-Lieutenant F . J . Bor-IANAN, Quartermaster.
Cadet-SergeantS . T. M1
\CKALL, Sergeant-Maj or.
Cadet-Sergeant B . W. A ND ER SON, Q uartermaster-Sergeant.
Cadet-Sergeant C. C. H ERMAN, Color-Sergeant .
Cadet-Sergeant J. B. CASSID Y, Extra Sergeant.
Musicians.
Privates.
M. Morgans.
H. C. Hill.
S. H . Hartman.
Company C.
Captain .
P. D. L YONS.
Lieutenants.
W. L. M AYO.
D. I-I. N ICHOLS.
First S ergeant.
TH OMAS P ENINGTON .
S ergeants.
P. H . HER:.\1;\N.
{
J . R. PHELPS .
vv.
H oPKINs.
F . vVrLLrAM s .
Co1j;orals .
G. F. ·w rsNER.
P. J . K EARC\TEY .
A. I-I. KRUG.
E. C. FONTAINE.
Privates .
Aftung.
B erry.
Boughman, E. H.
Boughm an, G. H.
Briscoe.
Coffman.
Cob lentz.
Co mbs.
Cropper.
D es pard .
Duva ll.
E ichman.
Gill et.
Grant.
Halbert.
Hayden.
J ones, G. R.
L a Motte .
Messenger.
l\e il son .
Owens.
IOS
R evell.
Schoolfield.
Sc hubert h .
Taylor, T. C.
Townshend.
Wilmer.
�Company B.
Captain .
J.
F.
w.
S. STRAHORN.
Lieutenants.
J. M.
SINCLAIR.
H. P.
G. B.
EVAN S.
T URN ER.
First Sergeant.
J. 0.
PURVIS .
S ergeants.
B. F. CoNRAD.
L. BAER.
GIRAULT.
Corporals .
I-I. S.
Bag-gar.
Beard .
B ishop.
Blecker.
Bryan.
Carter.
Caulk .
I. J.
Privates.
Chamberl ain.
Jackson.
Jones, T. Vv.
Crane.
Kelly.
Crawford.
Magruder.
Fairbank .
Rasin.
Farra!.
Randall.
Feldm eyer.
Howard.
AL!VI ONY.
IR ELAND.
Sturdy.
Somerville .
Taylor, G. W.
Turner, H . S.
Webb.
V· ort hington.
/
Company A .
Captain .
W. L.
BRADY.
Lieulenauls.
I-I. G.
R. P .
DouGLAS.
'vV .
I-I. W Y1\TT.
C. H . HoD GEs.
Baker.
Becker.
Bunvell.
Burroughs,
Fait.
Green.
J. SHARTZER.
Sergeants.
v..r.
\ A/.
lVI ELVI J\.
First S ergemd.
J.
WIL EY .
'vV . P.
L A WS ON.
0 . K.
TOLLEY.
H. G.
R U LL MAN .
Corporals .
H. R ET Z.
Privates.
1\!Iillikin.
McCartney.
Pearre.
Roberts.
Russell.
Spencer.
Girault , A. A .
Handy.
Hutchins.
Keys.
Knox.
Mitkiewitcz.
I06
Spates.
Seth .
Tarbutton.
Wood .
Wrede .
7
�Athletic Association.
Officers for l898-'99.
P.
Presiden t , .
V ice-President,
DouGLAS L YoNs,
' gg
S. T uRNER MACKALL, 'oo
Secretary,
Treasurer,
P.
HEN R Y
.
TuRNER, ' oo
\iVrLLARD J . WILEY, or
Football.
Manager,
Assistant Manage r ,
Captain,
JOl-IN S. STRAHORN,
' gg
vVrLLIAM H . WYATT, 'oo
G.
Dou GLAS,
'gg
. THO S. A. COLLISON,
'gg
HENRY
Baseball.
Manager,
Assistan t Manager,
Captain, .
BERTRAM \IV . A NDERSON, ' oo
.
\iVALTER L . BRA DY ,
'gg
Track T earn.
Man ager,
FRANK
Assistant Manager,
Captain,
CHAS .
v..r.
C.
EvANs, ' 99
HE RJVIAN, 'oo
FRANK W. EvANS,
'gg
Football, '99-'00.
Manager,
.Assistan t Manager,
Captain, .
.
H ENRY
P.
T uRNER, 'oo
. J o r-r N CAULK, ' or
S.
T uRNER :MAcKALL, ' oo
�FootbalL
T . E. Latimer, L. E.
A. Kennedy, L. T.
H . R. Riley, L. G.
W. G. Coppage , C.
G. Burlingame, R. G.
Team '88-'89.
J. A. Nydegger,
L. E.
B. V. Cissel, C. R.
M. B. Freeman, Rusher.
H. Noble, Rusher.
M. T. Johnston, Rusher.
J. H. Ramsburg, R.
J. W. Johnson, Rusher.
W. T. G. Neale, F. B.
W. E. Trenchard, H . B.
C. H. Grace, H. B.
Captain C. H. Schoff, Q. B.
E.
T earn '89-'90.
Captain J. A. Nydegger, L . E.
B. V. Cissel, C . R.
M. T. Johnston, Rusher.
M. B. Freeman, Rusher.
C. B. Harrison, Rusher.
C. M. Newman, R.
H . R. Jamar, Rusher.
E. W. Hyde, F. B.
F . J. Adams, H . B.
J. H . Ramsburg, H. B.
J . L. Chew, Q. B.
E.
Team '90-'9t.
H . C. Ridgely, L. E.
W. H. Wilhelm, C. R.
M. T. Johnston, Rusher.
C. E . Keller, Rusher.
Gordon Tull, Rusher.
C. E. Dryden, Rusher.
B. Proctor, F. B.
H. R. Jamar, H . B.
E. B. Iglehart , H. B.
Captain]. L. Chew, Q. B.
J.P. Biays, R . E .
Team '9J-'92.
E . D . Pusey, Rusher.
B. Proctor, F. B.
J . H . Waller, H . B.
E. B. Igleh art, H. B.
Captain J. L. Chew, Q. B.
W . H. Wilh elm , L. E.
G. Burlingame, C. R.
M. T. Johnston, Rusher.
C. E . Kell er, Rusher.
G. Tull, Rusher.
J. P. Biays, R . E.
T earn '92-'93.
C. E. Keller, R. T .
Captain J . P. Biays, R. E .
C. B. Jones, Q. B.
E. B. Iglehart , L. H . B.
J. H. Waller, R. H. B.
T. E . Latimer, L. E.
W. H . Wilhelm, L. T .
W. C. Coppage, L . G.
G. Burlingame, C.
R . H. Ridgely , R . G.
B. Proctor, F . B.
IIO
T earn '93-'94.
J. A. Fechtig, R. T.
H. Dern, R . E.
C. B. Jones , Q. B.
Capt. E. B. Iglehart, L. H . B.
R. H. Ridgely, R. H . B.
B. Proctor, F. B.
W. D. Smith, L. E.
G. A. Maddox, L. T.
L. Dorsey, L. G.
E. D. Hilleary, C.
R. H. Rid gely, R. G.
T earn '94-'95.
Captain J. A. Fechtig, R . T .
R . Snyder, R . E.
C. B. Jones, Q. B.
J . B. Douglas, L. H. B.
L . H . Gadd, R. H . B.
B. Proctor, F. B.
Team '95-'96.
W. D. Smith, L. E.
Captain G. A. Maddox, L. T.
C. Schaffer, L. G.
B. Kirkpatrick, C.
E. D. Hill eary, R. G.
R. H. Ridgely, R. T .
T earn '96-'97.
W . D. Smith, L. E.
B. Kirkpatrick, L. T.
J . T. Torbert, L. G.
J. M. Hawkins, C.
L. T . Greneisen , R. G.
J . B. Noble, R . G.
T earn '97-'98.
C. C. Reynolds, L. E.
K. L. Whitson, L. T .
T. Penington, L. T .
W . J. Shartzer, L. G.
J . T. Torbert, L. G.
T. A. Collison, C.
W . 0. Spates, R. G.
Team '98-'99.
J. M. Sinclair, L. E.
T. Penington, L. T .
E. Hutchins, L. G .
T . A. Collison, C.
W. 0. Spates, R. G.
S. T . Mackall, F.
III
L . A. Walls, R . E.
J . P. Offutt, Q. B.
J . B. Douglas, L . H. B.
L. C. Boehm, R . H. B.
J . Cooper, R. H. B.
G. L. Jon es, F. B.
E . D. H illeary, R . T.
Captain L. A. Walls, R . E .
P. P. Blanchard, Q. B.
J. B. Douglas , L. H. B.
L. C. Boehm, R . H. B.
G . L . Jones, F. B.
J. M. Sinclair, R. T.
W. R. Winchester, R. E.
G. F. Wisner, R . E.
H. G. Douglas, Q. B.
W. L. Brady, L. H . B.
Capt. P. P. Blanchard, R . H. B.
S. T. Mackall, F . B.
W. J. Shartzer, R. T .
G. F. Wisner, R . E.
F. Williams , Q. B.
Capt. H . G. Doug las, L. H . B.
W. L. Brady, R. H. B.
B.
�Season '92-'93.
Maryland Agricultural College,
Scores of Football Games.
Virginia Military Institute,
Washington and Lee
Johns Hopkins,
Delawa re Field Club,
.;!.
Season '88-'89.
Naval Acaden>y,
Johns Hopkins,
Na val Academy,
J o hns Hopkins ,
W as hingto n College
St. John's ,
St. John ' s,
St. John's,
St . J ohn' s,
St. John's ,
4
0
6
6
0
6
4
20
10
II6
Season '89-'90.
N aval A cade my , .
University Virginia,
Johns H op kin s,
Gallaudet,
20
14
St.John's,
St. John 's,
St. John 's,
St. John's ,
IO
4
University Virginia,
Washington College,
St. John ' s,
St. John' s,
St. John's,
IO
St. J o hn 's,
S t . John 's,
20
St.John's,
0
25 minutes to play.
St. John' s ,
34
St. John ' s,
4
45
0
0
2
4
8
0
30
20
0
0
roo
0
14
Season '91-'92.
Delaware College,
Staunton Military Academy ,
Virginia Military Institu te.
W as hington and Lee,
Hopkins,
N aval Academy,
D elaware Field Cl u' >.
St. John 's,
4
St.John's ,
0
S t . J ohn ' s,
r8
r6
St. John's,
St. John' s,
0
( Forfeited.)
St. John's,
28
St. John' s,
0
II2
St. John' s,
s8
r6
r6
0
4
6
6
r8
18
20
ro
6
St. John's ,
St. John's,
St. John's,
St. John's,
0
4
6
I2
Season '93-'94.
Baltimore City College
Episcopal Hig h School
Johns Hopkins,
Johns Hopkins
Warren Athlet ic Club .
0
St. John's,
St.John's,
St. John's,
St. John 's,
St. John's,
IO
6
ro
4
34
12
6
r6
6
Season '94-'95.
ro
Season '90-'91.
Naval Academ y,
Franklin,
Johns Hopkins ,
Columbia, .
Columbia, .
Washington College,
0
30 minutes to play.
W ashing ton College,
Maryland Agricultural College .
Episcopal High School, .
W estern Maryland College,
Johns Hopkins,
W a rren Athletic Club,
8
St. J ohn 's,
6
St. John's,
0
St. John's,
St. John 's,
4
0
St. John's,
\Forfeited.)
12
St. J ohn's,
24
26
26
42
6
0
Season '95-'96.
Baltimore City Coll ege, .
Baltimore Athletic Club,
Swarthmore ,
J oh ns Hopkins ,
Baltimore City College
U niversity of Maryland,
J ohns Hopkins
Warren Athletic Club,
0
ro
22
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
4
0
0
0
12
J ohn's,
John's ,
John's ,
John's,
John's,
John's,
J ohn's ,
John 's,
20
0
22
22
42
4
r8
0
Season '96-97.
Baltimore Lawyers',
University of Maryland,
University of Virginia.,
Naval Academy,
Gallaudet, .
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
4
2
48
so
8
I 13
J ohn's,
John 's,
J ohn's ,
J o hn 's ,
J ohn ' s,
r8
0
0
0
9
�Washington and Lee, .
Virginia Military Institute,
Haverford,
University ofMaryland,
St. John's,
St. John ' s,
St. John's,
St. John's,
24
I4
IO
6
0
0
IO
II
;i,
Season '97-'98.
Western Maryland College, .
Maryland Agricultural College ,
Johns Hopkins,
Gallaudet, .
Baltimore City Colleg-e, .
Baltimore Medical Colleg e,
University of Maryland, .
Delaware College, .
Swarthmore, .
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
0
4
6
6
0
0
24
4
I8
John ' s,
John's,
John's,
John's ,
John's,
John's,
John's,
John's ,
John's,
I6
6
0
6
0
I8
0
I2
4
Season '98-99 .
Physicians and Surgeons,
Delaware College,
Haverford,
Western Mary land College,
Maryland Agricultural College,
St. John ' s,
St. John ' s,
St. John's,
St. John's,
St. John's ,
0
0
52
6
0
2I
0
0
II
6
( Forfeited. )
Baltimore Medical College,
Gallaudet, .
Johns Hopkins
2
6
St. John's ,
St. John's,
St. John's,
0
IJ 4
J
'
'"
,.,"
0
0
b:l
:>-
I:"
I:"
,.,
~
f!::
2I
5
6
�ST. Jon N' s .
Brady . . . .
Douglas (captain)
Mackall . . . . .
League Games.
ST. JoHN's, rr; W EsTERN MARYLAND,
6.
On October 22, St. J ohn's played her first game of the Intercollegiate
Association with Western Maryland College. The game opened with Western
Maryland kicking off, Sinclair making a fin e return. W estern Maryland then
advanced the ball from her 2S-yard line almost to the center of the field, but could
rush it no farther, and it went over to St. John's on downs. St. John's then, by
good rushes by Mackall, Douglas and Sinclair, advanced the ball to Western
Maryland's 5-yard line, when Mackall was sent through the center for a touchdown. Sinclair kicked goal. For the remainder of this half the ball was in
Western Maryland's territory and at the close of it St. John's was on Western
Maryland's ro-yard line.
Score : St. John's, 6; Western Maryland, o.
Second Half.-St. John's kicked off and Western Maryland made several
rushes for gains, but soon was forced to kick. St. John's then took the ball down
the field by rushes of Mackall and Brady through the line. Finally, with the ball
four yards from Western Marylancf's goal, Brady was sent through right tackle
for a touchdown.
Score: St. John's, II; Western Maryland, o.
Western Maryland kicked off and St. John's, by good work, took the ball to
W estern Maryland's 25-yard line, but here they fumbl ed, and C. C. Baker, of
Western Maryland, picked up the ball, and, aided by interference, made an 85-yard
run and touchdown. H. D. Baker kicked goal. There was no more scoring
done after this. For St. John's Mackall, Brady, Douglas, Sinclair, Spates and
Williams did the best work, while H. D. Baker, Melvin and Reese excelled for
W estern Maryland. St. John's easily showed her superiority in endurance and
team-work.
The line-up was as follows:
ST. J onN's.
Sinclair . .
Penington.
Hutchin s
Collison .
Spates .
Shartzer.
Wi sner .
Williams
PosiTIONS.
. left md .
left tackle .
left guard .
. center . .
right guard .
right tackle.
. rigid end .
quarter back .
II6
WESTERN MARYLAND.
. . . Kenny
. . . C. C. Baker
Reese, McConnell
. . . . . . Dill er
. Patterson , R eese
. . . . Stauffer
Melvin, Grahm
. . B . 0. Wells
PosiTIONs.
. right ha(f back .
. left ha(f back . .
. . full back . .
WESTERN MARYLAND .
. . . . . . Roberts
. . . Dashiell , Marine
. H. D. Baker (captain)
Umpire-Passed Assistant E ngineer Trench, U.S . N.
Referee- Mr. Skinner of
M.A . C. Touchdowns-For St. J ohn 's, Mackall and Brady; for Western Maryland, C. C.
Baker. Goals-Sin clair, I; H. D . Baker, I. Time-20-minute halves .
6; St. JOHN's , s.
St. John's second league game was played in Washington on October 29.
This was to be St. John's hardest game in the League, as it so proved. There are
several excuses for our losing this game. The first and most eminent is that we
lost the game on account of a bust at goal, or rather at a punt out . Then we were
outweighed by fifteen pounds to a man, and our players were mere boys compared
to Gallaudet's men, most of whom have been playing from four to six years.
Thus by mere superior team-work did we succeed in making the good showing
which we did .
In the first half neither side scored, although Gallaudet at one time was dangerously nea r our goal, but lost the ball on a fumble.
In the second half St. John's began by playing better ball, and by most excellent line-plunging of Spates and rushes by Brady, the ball was taken clown the
field and Brady was sent around left tackle for a touchdown. Sinclair made a
failure of the punt out.
Score: St. John's, 5; Gallaudet, o.
Here Gallaudet braced up again , and for some time kept the ball in St. John's
territory. Fi'nally, when there were only four minutes to play, Geilfus, of
Gallaudet, ran around St. J ohn's left end for fifteen yards and a touchdown.
Bumgartner kicked goal. No more scoring was clone after this.
The line-up was as foflow s:
GALLAUDET,
ST . J oHN's.
Sinclair .
Penington
Hutchins
Collison .
Spates . .
Shartzer .
Wisner
Williams
Brady . .
D ouglas (captain )
Macka ll . . . .
GALLAUDET.
PosiTIONS.
. Geilfuss
. left end .
. L. Rosso n
. left tackle .
. . . Jon es
. left guard.
. H ems treet
. . cniler. .
. Brooks
. rt:t; ht gua1'd .
. Carpenter
. 1ight tackle .
Stutsman
. right end . .
Bumgartner
. quarte?' back .
Andree
right haif bark.
left haif back .
W. Rosson (captain )
. . . . . . Waters
. . full back . .
Umpire-Watts of W este rn Maryland. R efer ee- M r. Skinn er of M. A. C. Touchdowns-For St . J ohn ' s , Brady , I; for Gallaudet, Geilfuss . 1 . Goals-Bum gartn er . r.
Tim e-2o-minute halves.
II7
�MARYLAND AGRICULTURAL CoLLEGE, o; ST. JoHN's, 6.
The game which was to have been played with Maryland Agricultural
College, on November I2, was canceled, and thus forfeited by Maryland Agricultural College. This was a very wise thing for them, as their team was vastly
inferior to St. John 's.
ST. JoHN's, 6; JoHNS HoPKINs, o.
The last game of the Intercollegiate League, as well as the last game of the
season which our team played, was played on November I9 with Johns Hopkins
University. The Hopkins crowd arrived at IO o'clock a. m., and soon were in
their football clothes. There was much speculation in regard to the result of the
game, as last year Hopkins defeated us at Cambridge, and we did not know but
what their team was equally as strong this year. However, we were very anxious
to defeat our old rivals, and we went into the game with that determination. The
game was called at I 1.30 a. m. Hopkins won the toss and chose the north goal
with the wind. St. John's kicked off and Hopkins made a poor catch and was
downed on her ro-yard line. They took the ball slowly for a few downs, but lost
the ball on downs. St. John's then advanced the ball to Hopkins' 5-yard line
and lost on clowns. Hopkins made about 20 yards by different rushes and again
lost on downs. St. John's then went through Hopkins' line like a streak.
By brilliant rushes the ball was carried to Hopkins' ro-yard line, where Brady
was sent through tackle and over the line for what would have been a touchdown,
but in trying to get behind the goal posts he fumbled the ball, and a Hopkins man
fell on it. Thus it went as a touchback for Hopkins instead of a touchdown for
St. J ohn's.
Soon after this our two best players, Spates and Brady, were put out of the
game, Spates having an injured shoulder. We were thus partly handicapped,
although Morgans and Herman, the two substitutes, showed up in fine style.
No more scoring was clone in this half, although the ball was several times
inside of Hopkins' IS-yard line.
Score: St. John's, o; Hopkins, o.
In the second half St. Joh'n's had the advantage of the wind, and thus played
more of a kicking game. Hopkins kicked off and Sinclair returned it. St.
John's soon got possession of the ball on downs, and made a repetition of the first
half, rushing it to Hopkins' Io-yard line. She was held for dow'ns and H opkins
took the ball. Several times did St. John's in this half take the ball inside of
Hopkins' Io-yard line, but could advance it no further. Finally, with about three
minutes to play, the ball was three yards from Hopkins' goal. Hopkins expecting
a center play, Sinclair took the ball around left end for the only touchdown of
the game. Williams made a fine punt out against the wind, and Mackall made a
II8
pretty catch. Sinclair kicked a pretty goal. In this game St. John's tried a new
mass play through the tackle. Coa.ch Armstrong had just given it to us the day
before, and we had not tried it against the scrub, but it worked beautifully.
The best playing for St. John's was done by Sinclair, Douglas, Williams,
Wisner, Brady, Mackall, Penington and Collison. For Hopkins, Robinson,
Guggenheimer and Armstrong excelled.
The line-up was as follows :
ST. J oHN's .
POSITIONS.
]OHNS HOP KINS .
Sinclair, Herman .
. left end .
. Armstrong
Penington
left tackle .
. . . Bruton
Hutchin s .
. left guard .
. Bull, Smith
Colli so n .
. . center . .
. Hancock
Spates, Morgans
right guard.
Rushmore
Shartze r . .
right tackle .
. . Griffin
Wisner . . . .
. rigltt end .
. . Mullen
William s . .
. . . . . . . . quarter back
Robin son (captain )
Brady, Sinclair . . . . . . . right half back . . . . . . . . . Guggenheim er
Doug las (captain) . . . . . . . left half back
. . Riggs
Mackall . . . . . . . . . . . .. full back . . . . . . . . . .
. . . Butler
Umpire- Naval Officer - -. R efe ree-Naval Officer Crosley.
clair, r. Goal-Sinclair . Time-25-minute halves.
II9
Touchdowns-Sin-
�Songs Heard at the Hopkins Game.
Yells Heard at the Hopkins Game.
Rah ! Rah!
Rah! Rah!
Rah! Rah!
St. John's!
Rah!
Rah!
Rah!
St. John's! St. John 's!
There'll be Cash for Everybody.
(A1R-"A
There ' ll be cas h for everybody
In that good old, good old town,
Wh en we've whipped the Hopkins babies
And their joy comes rolling down.
Th ere 'll be good old Kid and Brady
And they ' ll kn ock tha t line so d ead
Th at old Hopkins can't distinguish
Which is tail or which is head.
S . J . ! S. J.!
Hip Hip! Ray! Ray!
S. ].! S. J .!
Hip Hip! Ray! Ray!
St. John's! St . John's! St. John's .
Rat-Tat! Bed Slat! Sis! Boom! Ah?
St. John's! St. John 's! Rah! Rah! Rah!
CHORUS :
When you hear
That score come rolling in
What we'll do to Hopkins is a sin,
And when the game is o'er
Ren1ember what there' ll beThere'll be a hot time in St. John's to-nig ht.
Drink whiskeyWhen you see
St. John 's that pig -skin wield ,
When you see old St. John's take the field.
And when the game is o'er
How sad Hopkins will feelTh ere' ll be a slow tim e in Hopkins to -n ~ght.
Drin k water-
Hipety Huss! Hipety Hu ss!
What the hell 's the matter with us?
Nothing at all! Nothing a t all!
We're the boys that play football.
Who?- - St.John 's.
Hooray! Hooray! Beauty play!
Wisner.
Dutchman! Dutchma n ! Flying Dutchm an!
Shartzer!
Big man! Strong man! Freshman
Spates!
Chaunce! Chaunce! Game-legged Chaunce!
Collison!
Through the line Dumpy tore,
Give him the ball a nd rush!him some more.
Penington!
Liz! Liz! knows his biz! Ma ckall!
Joe! Jo e! Let her go!
Sincla ir!
Ja ck ! J ack! Cracker~ack!
Quarterback! Williams!
Kid! Kid! Captain K id ! D ouglas!
Pete! Pete! Football Pete!
120
Brady!
H ot T£me.")
Who Did Johns Hopkins Meet?
(A1R-"Corcoran Cadets.")
'
Who did Johns Hopkins meet?
St. John 's, St. John's , St. John 's .
Who on the fie ld did beat?
St. John's, St. John's, St. John's.
If you one and all
Wish to know how to play football,
Come around some day and call
On St . John 's, St. John's, St . J ohn's.
121
�Hurrah for the Orange and Black!
St. John's, St. John's, St. John's.
This year the glory comes back
To St. John's, St. John's, St. John' s.
Of all the teams in the State,
St. John's the lead \\ill take ,
That's why Johns Hopkins hates,
St. John 's, St. John's, St. John's.
Here's to Old St. John's.
(A IR- " Here's to Good Old Yale." )
Here's to Old St. John's ,
Drink her down, drink her down.
Here's to O ld St. John"s,
Drink her down, drink her down.
Here's to Old St. John's ,
She's the jolliest place in town.
Drink her down, drink her down,
Drink her down, down , down.
CHORUS :
Balm of Gilead, Gilead,
Balm of Gilead, Gilead,
Balm of Gilead,
Way down on Bingo farm .
Here's to St. John's College,
Drink her down , drink her down.
H ere's to St. J ohn's College,
Drink her down, drink her down .
Here's to St. John's College,
She' s the source of all our knowledge,
Drink her down, drink her down ,
Drink her down, down, down.
CHO RUS.
!22
Football.
Football at S t. John's has always held predominance over the other forms of
athletics, and in no other sport has so much interest been taken as in this. The
evidence of this is seen when we remember St. John's many victories over colleges
and universities so greatly superior to her both in numbers and in wealth.
St. John's first came into prominence in football about the fall of 1888, and
in the following year she won the championship of the South, which she held for
two years . F rom that time tt'ntil the present she has held a high position, and has
comp eted with the best of colleges and universities.
Among the many who have played on her teams may be mentioned Schoff,
who was afterward Captain of Pennsylvania; Blunt, Trenchard, Chew, qrace,
Ramsburg, Nydegger, Iglehart and Smith, who is now Captain of the West Point
Team. We may well look back with pride ·upon these men who have so well
done their share in bringing St. John's into the foreground in athletics.
In the fall of 1897, when the Intercollegiate L eague of Maryland and the
District of Columbia was formed, the Football Team of St. J ohn's was composed
almost entirely of new men. This was accounted for by the fact that six of the
regular players had graduated in the Class of '97, and three others failed to return.
Thus we began our first season in the L eague with only two old players. But, as
is always the case at St. John's, so great was the interest taken in the team that
we developed quite a strong one, and succeeded in winning second place.
In taking a brief review of the past season there is every reason to be proud
of our record. While we did not win first place, we nevertheless succeeded in
making it immensely interesting for the team which did secure that honor. We
were defeated by only one point by Gallaudet Coll ege, on whose team there are
men who have played football for six or seven years. A g reat deal, perhaps, may
have been expectea of our team , for the fa ct that we had for a coach Arm strong,
of Yale, but, on the other hand , it will be remembered that we did not obtain Mr.
Armstrong until th e first two weeks, the most important part of the season, had
elapsed. Nevertheless, the ability of our coach was soon shown, and by his
careful training, our team was sufficiently improved to enable us to have a most
successful_season, in which we won five games, lost two, and tied one.
For ou r team next year the prospects are good. Although we lose thi s year
at least four players, nevertheless the interest taken in football, which has caused
St. John's to be so successful in clays of yore, will still be kept up, and th e
vacancies will be filled with competent men.
8
T23
�#
:
s
5
SAl
�Scores of Baseball Games.
Baseball.
~
Season '92-'93.
T earn '92-'93.
Captain B. Proctor, C.
C. B. Jones, P .
C. E . Dryden, I B.
A. K. Handy, 2 B .
G. T . Southgate, 3 B.
W. L. Brady, S. S.
G . A. Maddox, R . F.
L. B. K. Claggett, C. F .
E. D. Hilleary , L. F .
T earn '93-'94.
E. D . Hilleary, C.
Captain C. B. Jones, P.
J. P. Biays, I B.
E. B. Iglehart, 2 B.
L. B. K. Claggett, 3 B.
W. L. Brady, S. S.
H. Dern , R. F.
J. Stine, C. F.
B. Proctor, L. F.
T earn '94-'95.
E . D. Hilleary , C.
Captain C. B. Jones, P.
R. H. Ridgely, I B.
J. Stine, 2 B.
L. B. K. Claggett, 3 B.
W. L. Brady, S. S.
H. S. Grattan, R. F.
G. A. Maddox, C. F.
J. L. Tull, L. F.
T earn '95-'96.
G. A. Maddox, C.
Captain E . D . Hilleary, P.
W . F. Wickes, I B.
J . L. Tull, 2 B.
J. M. Hawkins, 3 B.
W. L. Brady, S. S .
C. C. Catron, R. F.
B. Kirkpatrick , C . F.
C. I. Flory, L. F.
T earn '96-'97.
R. N. Hotchkiss, C.
Captain E. D. Hilleary , P.
B. Kirkpatrick, I B.
H. S. Grattan , 2 B.
J. M. Hawkins, 3 B.
W. L. Brady, S . S.
S . T. Mackall, R. F.
F. J . Gilbert, C. F.
C. I. Flory, L. F.
Team '97-'98.
W. 0. Spates, C.
W. M. Clarke, P.
S . T. Mackall, I B.
P. P. Blanchard, 2 B.
F . Williams, L. F .
1 26
H . G. J ones, 3 B.
Captain W. L. Brady, S. S.
G . F . Wisn er, R . F.
0. K. T olley, C. F.
Naval Academy, . .
University Vermont,
Johns Hopkins ,
W ash ington College,
Gallaudet,
. . . .
Western Maryland,
Naval Academy, . .
St. John 's,
St. John's, .
St. John's, .
St. John 's, .
St. John 's,
St. John' s,
St . John' s,
9
32
7
8
8
15
4
3
2
4
3
6
Season '93-'94.
Naval Academy, . . .
Baltimore City College,
University Columbia, .
Epis copal H igh School,
Washington College,
St. John's ,
St. John' s,
St. John' s,
s~. John 's,
St. John's ,
14
8
I9
I2
4
I2
I I
8
IO
5
Season '94-'95.
Baltim ore City College,
Johns H opkins ,
Naval Academy, . . .
Annapolis, . . . . .
Episcopal Hig h School,
Virginia Military Institute',
Randolph Macon, . .
W ashington and Lee, . . .
Western Maryland, . . . .
Maryland Agricultural College,
Richmond , . . . . .
Baltimore City College,
Baltimore City College,
Naval Academy, .
Annapolis, . . . . .
St. John' s,
St. John 's,
St. John 's,
St. John 's,
St. John's,
St. John's,
St. John's ,
St. John 's,
St.John's,
St. John 's,
St. John's,
St. John' s,
St. John 's,
St. John 's,
St. John 's,
I3
0
0
6
12
4
15
6
6
7
I2
. I6
IO
IO
8
.
.
'6
6
rg
6
0
14
13
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
13
5
I I
4
9
14
6
7
Season '95-'96.
Rockville,
University Virginia,
Washington and Lee,
St. John's,
St. John 's,
St. John's, .
II
r8
I2
12 7
r6
I2
�Virginia Military Institute ,
Western Mary land ,
Naval A cademy,
St. John's,
St. John's ,
St. John' s,
7
8
IS
8
7
7
Season '96-'97.
Baltimore City College,
Gallaudet,
University Maryland, .
Maryla nd Agricultural Coll ege,
University Columbia,
Western Maryland , .
University Maryland,
s
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
St.
II
6
IS
r6
7
II
John's,
John's,
John's, .
John 's,
J o hn 's,
John's,
John 's,
I9
29
s
7
4
14
!2
Season '97-'98.
~
<
"1
b
..:I
..:I
<
01
w
<fl
<
~
W albrook A. C.
Yale L aw School,
W estern Mary land,
Allegha ny Institute ,
Virginia Polytechnic Institute,
Virginia Military Institute,
Washin g ton a nd Lee , .
University of Virginia,
Johns Hopkins ,
Washing ton College,
Rock Hill,
Galla ud et
II
r8
r8
St. John's,
St.John's,
St. John's ,
St. John 's ,
St. John 's,
St. John's ,
St. John's, .
St. John 's, .
St.John's,.
St.John's,.
St. John's,
St. John's, .
3S
r6
I7
26
2S
22
IS
I6
4
3
7
I9
I2
4
4
6
I I
0
3
s
Schedule, Season '98-'99.
April
April
April
April
April
April
May
r-Naval Academy.
8--Walbrook A . C .
rs-Op en.
r8-Western Maryla nd .
22-J ohns Hopkins.
29-Washington College.
4-Fordham College .
May
May
May
May
May
June
6-Maryland Agricultural College.
I3-Gallaudet .
20-Baltimore City College.
27-University Ma ryland.
30-'---0pen.
3-0pen.
Class Championship Games.
June 17- '99 vs. 1901.
June I9-1 900 vs. 1902 .
June 20-The winners.
129
�Baseball Teamt t98-99.
Catcher-G. F . Wisner.
Pitchers-G . A. Staub,
B. F. Conrad.
I st Base-S. T. Mackall.
2d Base-- E . H. Mullan.
3d Base-R. P. Melvin, Cap tain.
Short Stop-W. L. Brady.
Right .held-] . G. H ayden,
0. K . Tolley.
Center Field-H . C. Hill.
L ift Field- B. F . Conrad, R . Spencer.
Substitutes-E. C. Fonta ine,
B. W. And erson.
Relay T earns.
Team for '95-'96.
U. A. Skirven , Captain.
H . A. Gale.
L ewis C. Boe hm .
W. D. Smith.
J. S. Strahorn, Substitute.
I/Vo7l-Second pl ace at U. of P. m eet.
Each member of Team a si lver cup.
St. J ohn's has always taken great interest in baseball, although not so much
as in football. A glance at the records will show what she has done in former
years, and judging of this season by what she has done in the past, vve cannot but
hope for a successful year. It is true the record she made last year is nothing to
be proud of, but it must be taken into consideration that all the men, with o·n e or
two exceptions, were perfectly new, and that they did not have the advantage of
coaching of any kind, except that which the captain himself could give them. In
former years P rofessor Cain very kindly gave the team the benefit of his
knowledge and experience, but this season, owing to an increase of duties, he was
unable to coach u s, as I am sure he would otherwise have done.
For this season our prospects are fairly good. M any of the men are new,
but are showing up well in practice. At the tim e when th e RAT-TAT goes to
press we have not had an opportuni ty of seeing what they will do in a game, but
feel confident that th ey will not disappoint us, and that old and 'n ew men will join
in upholding the reputation which St. J ohn 's sons gain ed for her in the past on the
gridiron , diamond and track.
I30
T earn for '96-'97.
U . A. Skirven , Captain .
H. A . Ga le.
J. S. Straho rn .
\1V. D. Smith.
Geo rge Q uaid , Substitute.
J
;Vo7l- First place at U. of P. meet.
Each member of Team a g·olcl watch.
Team for '97-'98.
C. C. Herman , Jr.
J. lVI. Sinclair, Captain .
F. vV. Evans.
C. H. MacN abb.
IJI
�Relaying at St. Johnt s.
Ever since St. John's has taken any interest in relaying it has been a source of
real prid e. \i\Then you stop and think of the numb er of students at St. John' s as
compared with the oth er colleges throug hout th e country, only prai se can be
mentioned in connection with her relaying career.
In 1896 her team was compo sed of Gale, Boe hm, Skirven a nd Smith. Thi s
year in the races given under th e auspices of th e Un iversity of Pennsylvania she
competed with Ursinus Colleg e, Gettysburg College, and University of \ t\Testern
Pennsylvania, and won second place. The prizes, w hich co·n sisted of ve ry pretty
silver cups, appropriately inscribed, were the first St. John's had ever won at
relayin g, an d the members of the team were justly proud of th em.
In 1897, Gale, Strahorn, Skirven an d Smith composed th e team. This year
in the Penn sylvani a races the team took first prize, which consi sted of a gold watch
for each member of th e team and a silken bann er for the College. The competitors were Maryland U niversity, J ohns Hopkins and U niversity of Columbia.
St. John 's time was 3-41.
For the season of 1898 several mishaps caused some . little change in St.
John' s work alo·n g this line. Only one member of the '97 T eam was left, and
before tim e fo r active work on th e track, hi s health was so impaired as to cause
him, much to his sorrow, to give up running altogether (even to make inspections) .
H owever, the few recrqits went to work, outfitted themselves and formed the
team . vVb en the time for the P enn sylvan ia races came, the men had little expectation of going, and h ad about g iven up all hope when Dr. Soho came to their
aiel and said they must go a nd do their best. A lm ost entirely by the Doctor's
efforts the fo ur boys a nd a manager got the necessary funds and left on th e last
evening train and arrived at Philadelphia at midnig ht, tired out and feeling in
very p oo r condition fo r the races, which were to take place th e followin g afte rnoon. Th e team was composed of C. C. Herman , 'oo ; F. \i\1. Eva ns, '99; J. M.
Sinclair, '99, and C. H. MacN'abb, '98, who ran in th e order given.
H opkins won, not so much by the superiority of their men as by their trainin g
and coaching. The race was close between Columbia and St. J ohn 's, but Meigs,
their last man , saved th e clay for Columbia. Badl y as our b oys hated defeat, th ey
were rather pleased at their time, which was 3-45·
133
�Their next appearance was at Maryland Oval, Baltimore, on May 21, where
they competed with Maryland Agricultural College, Gallat,Jdet, \iVestern Maryland
and Johns Hopkins for the championship of Maryland.
H opkins ' first man, for some reason, early in the race knocked down H erman,
St. John's first man, and despite the kick of the Hopkins supporters, the referee
disqualified the team and thu s the trophy and championship went to 'Western
Maryland.
Owing to the fact that so many of St. John' s athletes joined the army at the
breakin g out of th e "unpleasantness" with Spain , th e usual interclass field clay was
abandoned.
134
�St. Johnts.
\!Vide to t he breeze th y ba nn e rs fl ing,
F or loyal sons their g ree tin gs brin g;
Thy so ns with raven lock s or g ray
vVi th raptu re ha il th y na tal day,
S t. J o hn 's!
Yo n shining g ree n, thi s stat ely h a ll ,
G lad college days t o all reca ll .
Th e lin de ns, elms, th e poplar tree,
Bid lov ing h earts all turn t o th ee,
S t. J ohn 's !
Th e Severn bea rs yon Coll ege cree k ,
A tribute to th e C hesapeak e,
Whi ch onwa rd bea rs it t o the sea
T o si ng of thee. to s ing of th ee,
S t . J ohn 's !
Be nea th th y sh ad es have h eroes trod ,
Th ey foug ht fo r ma n , th ey sleep in God.
Th eir g low in g deeds lik e morn 's brig ht flood
Illume th e wo rld a nd fire th e blood,
S t . J ohn 's!
A n a ncient , fa ir, hist oric t ow n ,
Which Fa me and Glory ri chl y crown ,
A scept red q uee n o n jeweled thro ne
G ua rds t h ee with treas ures all h er ow n ,
S t . J o hn 's !
In every realm of upward th oug ht ,
Wh ere men have d elved or men have wroug ht ,
Th y sturdy so ns h igh carve t hy name
O n a rches b road of a ncient fame,
St. J ohn 's!
In a ll t he st ro ng, th e ge ntl er a rts,
Whe re brawn or brain o r th robb ing h earts,
L ift up the race t o heig hts sublime,
Th y standards sweep t he heig ht of tim e,
St. J ohn 's!
A blessed past do th blessi ngs bring Brin gs music in th e h eart t o s in g.
It sin gs to- day of a uld la ng sy ne,
Whe n yo uthful lives were li ved in thin e,
S t . J ohn's!
Th y shinin g path shall, li ke th e sun ,
Pour bless ings rich on every one.
The sp lendors of t he ages crown
Thy cl ass ic shades with fa ir ren own ,
S t . J ohn 's!
Praises t o His g racious power,
\N h o spa ns t he ages as a n hour,
S catters th e bl oom of ages cl ow n
T o wreath e for th ee a fragra nt crow n ,
St. J ohn 's !
EDW I N HI GGINS.
Ilfarch, 1899·
H ere, g ift ed mind s, a nd h elpful hands,
O ut to th e world send knig htly band s.
In th o usand lives t hey liv e aga in
As from th e so ng sprin gs th e refrain,
S t. J ohn 's!
137
/
�The Cows and the Campus.
I am going to tell a yarn of Old St. John's. O ld, in the above sentence,
refers to St. John's in the concrete, a nd th e concrete in St. John 's, rather than
the period to which th e yarn belongs . Althoug h t o me they seem far distant in
th e dim vistas of th e p ast , yet 1 eckoned by th e calendar these eve nts wou ld easily
find a place in modern history. This yarn is of th e days of the Gastronomic Club
(whisper it low) and "le cercle des clzats cltauds, " when ''th ere ·were no ten com mandments" a nd Bob Hays, Bull Martin, Buck Ig lehart, Monty Gi lpin and D as h
De Shields were in the h eyday of their youth- - before they beca me as th ey are
to-day, of the earth-earthy, decent and uninteresting. It was said tha t while th ese
fellows were at St.John 's whenever a ny mischief was afoot, Dr F ell would wisely
put their names down as being in it for sure and would then look for the rest.
Dr. Fell's method of detective action was somewhat different from Vidocq ' s,
whose motto was "clterclzez la femm e." Dr. Fell had only to write down the
nam es of these fellows and "clzerclzez" the rest. One incident abou two ofth;s
precious quintette before I tell the yarn of whi ch I spoke .
Dr. Fell in those days acted as banker for ma ny of th e students. Their
allowa nces were received a nd disbursed by him . One day my attention was
attracted to Bob and Buck engaged in earnest conversation in McDowell just
outside the office door . I h eard Bob say : "All right, Buck, I think I can work
it. Lend me y our hat.'' Bob then took Bu ck's somewhat dilapidated h eadgear
a nd left Buck his derby, which was perfectly g-ood . Entering the office with his
St. Anne's choir countenance, Bob addresses the President with becoming meekness . ' ·Sorry to interrupt you, Doctor, but I need some money . I must have a
new hat" The Doctor ever ready to check any tend e ncy toward s extravagance
takes th e ha t off Bob's head a nd examines it critically. " W ell , this is rath er a
bad hat, Hays . How much will a new one cost?" h e asks. "Fi•;e doll a rs,"
replies Bob. "Five dolla rs,' ' exclaims Dr . F ell , "why, I don ' t pay that mu ch for
a suit of cloth es . H ere take two doll a rs and don ' t spend it a ll if you can h elp it . ''
"All right, D octor , mu ch o bliged ," ex claims Bob , backing out with ma ny bows.
Outs ide he me ets Buck; they exchange hats a nd go downtown t o in ve;.;t th eir
rich es in unw a tered Bond's on State Circle.
I relate the above incid ent si mply to show ho w rea lly clever th ese fell ows were
and that th eir subseq ue nt success is but a natural se qu ence. For Bob H ays is now a
prominent a ttorney in Ca mden, New J e rsey, enj oy ing a lu crativ e prac t ice; whil e
Buck Ig leha rt du ring our lates t unpl easa ntn ess condu cted th e nava l operations
abo ut Cuba in co njuncti o n with Schley, Sampson a nd George Southgate.
!J8
Now for t hat ot her yarn . Of course, yo u have h eard a bout th e cow in ~ h e
Chapel ? W ell , I'm going to tell you how it h ap pened . In th ose da ys th e calv es
killed for th e prodiga ls of S~ . John 's were fatted on th e premises. All th e broad
campus was th eir g raz ing ground a nd at eventide 'twas a t ouchin g sce ne to watch
"t he lowing h erd wind slow ly o'er th e lea' ' a nd d isa ppear behind Hum p hreys'
tinted walls. Greatly they thrived upon butterc ups (ranunculus bulbosus) a nd
tennis balls. Th ey consid ered th e campus th eir ow n by right of imm emorial usage
a nd rese nted the ma neu vers of the battalion of cad ets by getting in front of the
columns of fours a nd licking th e face of the adjutant at dress pa rad e. Th e argum ent of th e cows was that th ey never went into th e halls and bothered th e
students, th en why should the stud ents com e o ut o n the campus and disturb th em?
These ideas th e cows neve r communicated to th e students, he nce th eir actions
were considered by th e students as pure cussed ness. Each s ide endeavored to
ge t even a nd th ere was a sworn fu ed between the cows a nd the College . The
cows continued t o worry the stud ents a nd the students in turn made life miserable
for the cows. Fin ally, a course of definite action was agreed upon by th e stud ents,
who decided t o punish a few cows indiv idu all y as a n example to th e rest. One
particularly froli cso me calf was t aken bodily up two flights of stairs in Pinkney a nd
placed in th e bed of a professo r who already had a room fu ll of ponies. Of course,
when the professor return ed home a nd found the addition t o his stable th e ca lf
was cuffed a nd kicked all th e way downstairs and smartin g with the memo ry of
this assault forever afterwa rds gave the stu dents a wide benh. It was next
d ecided to put a cow up in the belfry of McDowell , but thi s proj ect was abandon ed
for fear of awakening Gregory , who th en lived in McD owell , because a cow is not
a sy lphlike creature to ta ke up three flights of steps protected with a rmor pla t e.
Finally , a more feasi bl e id ea lodged in th e fertil e minds of the co nspirato rs. Why
not put a cow in Chapel ? Th e id ea see med refreshingly original a nd suffi cientl y
daring to add th e sp ice of sport . So it was d ecid ed th at a full gro wn cow sh ould
be placed up on th e dais in th e Chapel wh ere it could bett er ch ew th e cud of
reflection, repent the folli es of the past and d ecid e in future not to interfe re with
" J a mar 's warriors who wabbled wh en th ey walked." In th e d ea d of nig ht th e
deed was done . Th e nex t mornin g as the stud ents fi led in Chape l a nd t oo k th e ir
seats th ey found up on th e dais a cow calmly a nd co mpl acently chew ing h er cud
and eye ing th em with sole mn seri ousn ess . Each stud ent sat in silence . Soon
th e augu st fa culty , h eaded by T . F ell , LL.D. , Ph .D., ma rch ed slowly up th e aisle.
Th e lea rn ed Doctor was the first to see th e usurper.
"A moment speechl ess, motionless, amazed,
T he throneless monarch on the Angel gazed,
vVbo met his look of anger and surprise
vVith th e divine compassion of his eyes."
Dr. Fell th en t urn ed hi s a tte ntion to th e students, who sat in si lent rows with
9
139
�fac es as serious a nd unco ncerned as if it was a n every-day occurren ce for a cow to
be on the da is. H e ordered thos e n earest to him t o "Remove th e beast, " but
they sat lik e men of stone . It was a sol emn mom ent. Thin gs were at an issue
bet ween th e D octor a nd th e cow , and it was the D octor' s move . Th e choir com p osed of D utch Zimm erma n a nd F ra ncis Oliver slow ly cha nt ed : "So h e h as put
d ow n the mig hty fro m th eir thrones a nd exalted th ose of low d egree.'' This
seemed to goad th e fac ulty t o action . A s it was g ettin g late th ere was nothing
fo r the facult y t o d o but t o take Tim e by th e fo relock a nd the cow by th e horns
a nd remove h er t o her p roper level. Th e cow ~ee m ed t o lik e its p oint of va nt age
a nd stu bbo rnl y refu sed to m ove. Pull as th ey mi g ht th ere st ood th e cow lik e
Gibraltar and th ere sat th e solemn rows of exasp era ting ly solemn faces. Fin a lly ,
one mem ber of th e fac ult y, re memb ering th e old days up on th e farm , seize d a nd
tw ist ed the cow's t ail. This was too mu ch for th e cow . a nd wh en she yie lded she
y ield ed all at once. D ow n th e a isle pellm ell r ushed th e cow . R eachin g th e d oor
it saw the flig ht of stone st eps and p referring a twist ed t ai l t o a t wisted neck sh e
again stood h er g roun d . Th e tw ist lost its virtu e an d th e cow st ood fas t. Th ere
was nothing to d o but t o turn the cow into one of the class rooms u nt il aft er Chapel,
wh en it was re moved by Gregory a nd Mr . Garver.
This ep isod e ended th e practice of pasturing th e cows on th e campus. It
was not kn own to what ends th e stud e nts would go, so th e faculty removed th e
t empta ti on by remov ing th e cows, and th e campu s was no longer a cow-ya rd, a nd
th ere was peace again in ol d S t. J ohn 's.
R OBE RT P EN I NGT ON, ' 93·
Ringt Bells of the Centuriest Ring!
Annapolis, !649- !899.
Ring, bells of the centuri es, ring,
O ver th e tow n where ivies cl in g,
0' er th e t ow n of song a nd st ory ,
Brig ht wit h fa me all robed in g lor y.
Ring out yo ur a nt he ms, sweet a nd rare;
Ring bloom a nd blosso m everyw here.
Go pla nt to -day a fragra nt tree ,
In y ea rs t o co me ' twill s ing with th ee.
Pla nt m arke rs bold in sto ri ed stree t,
Wh ere S t ate a nd N atio n fond ly g reet
Ce nturies of th e dear old t own,
A nd wr eathe a new h er qu ee nly crown .
R ing, bells of the centuri es, ring,
Your silver t ones lik e bann ers fl ing ,
Above h er da rk hi st ori c walls,
Within h er loft y s tat ely halls.
Ring ma nly deeds, ring wo ma n' s words;
Rin g arm of steel, ring song of birds .
Th ey' 11 lift the wo rld t o nobler life,
A nd sweep away dread huma n strife .
H o nor th e men who shackles bro k e,
The tyra nny of ages s mote.
H onor men wh o fo r free do m wroug ht ,
Freed om fo r conscience , sp eech a nd th oug ht.
Ring round the world on eagle's wing Brave fr eedo m is th e people's king.
I4I
�By th e ga tes of th e d ear old t own
Th e sil ent bells look nig htly down .
Th ey g uard th e graves where h eroes sleep.
Each cherished spot th ey fo ndly k eep.
At rise of sun th ey wake the c him e
Of ant hems for th e realms of tim e.
They' ll lift the world to nobl er life
A nd sweep away dread hum a n strife.
On some brig ht morn th ey all will rin g.
Th e bells of wa r will rise and sing,Th ey' ll ring from every warrior g un
Th a t war has cease d , its course is run .
Rin g sweet est benedictio ns down
Upon this brave histori c town.
He who k eeps the century flower,
Keeps th e oa k when storm clouds lower;
Rings th e bells in their spheres sublime,
Will keep this t own till end of time.
EDWIN HI GGINS.
"Motus T emporis."
So silently th e nig ht goes g liding by
And ush ers in the g lorious morn ;
The shining sun procla im s so noiselessly
Th at nig ht is subj ect to his scorn .
But, a h ! life' s very bri g ht est noon
Must need s obey returnin g ni g ht .
But th ere's a clay beyond th e tomb
\!\T hose sun sh all never lose its lig ht.
With meas ured pace t he clays are g liding by,
As they t o each thei r treas ures give.
Th e yea rs with all their joys a re pass ing by
And leaving less of life to liv e .
Tim e's blessi ngs come a nd go too soon,
And life is most of all reg ret.
But th ere's a d ay beyond th e t omb
\!\T hose gold en sun shall never set.
The Poplar.
Oh, mig hty tree! that sta nd eth stanch and tru e ,
Thoug h th y hoary boughs a re with ivy twin ' d;
H ow ma ny sto rms have blown thy branch es throu g h ?
How ofte n hath thy trunk withstood th e wind ?
How often ha th th e silver moonlig ht bath' d
Thee in its pale a nd iridescent rays?
H ow often h ave refreshin g raindro ps lav' d
Thy parched foliage in th e summer days?
How often h as t thou seen th e g old en sun
Ris e o'er the ri ver's bloom ena meled shore,
And hea rd the birds when day had scarce begun ,
Peal forth th e ir sweetest ca rols o'e r a nd o'er?
Thou hast se en th e redma n ' neath th y bra nch es t all ,
On ly t o vanish in the forest g lade.
Thou has t seen thy sister oaks a nd popla rs fall
Und er the woodman 's keen and flashing bl ade .
And seen the halls of learning slow ly rise,
vVhere wildest deer and antlered elk did graze,
And sheltered 'neath thy shade from burning skies
How many travelers on th eir different ways?
And still thou stanclest there so fir m and strong,
Although decay assails th y sturdy heart ,
And shrivels up thy branches once so long,
Thou standes t lik e a patriarch , apart
From all the m ona r chs of the forest wild,
And may'st thou ever stretch thy lofty a rms
Unto th e h eavens ever blu e and mild ;
And may no storm a ttack thee with a larms ;
And may no tempest toss thy limbs so gray,
But let th em , with th y verdant ivy twin ' d,
Kiss ' d softly by th e ge ntle summer wind,
Stand there defying Ti me's e ternal sway .
R.
143
MALCOLM Hu N TER .
�Barry Sidney.
A Story of Colossal Nerve.
UN
ER VE and money rul e the world,'' said Sidney sent entiously- a bit
triumph a ntly, I thought.
There had been silence in the club-room for so me minutes , if I except the lazy
puff, puff of a half dozen cigarettes, and when this remark was made we all turned
anxiously upon the speaker.
'' Another m ess,'' muttered Darcy in disgust.
Sidney had not been long with us; h e had come from the N orth with a new
insurance corporation, and was a comparative stranger to all of us but Darcy.
We only kn ew that he had plenty of money and plenty of n erve, and was well
liked by both men and women. But was there ever such a fellow for getting into
scrapes? No, we thought not, and he had a m ost happy (?) way of shoving his
troubles on the shoulders of th e club.
"Yes," he continued, gazing intently at Martin's cowlick , " that's true,
fellows-nerve and money rule th e world!"
"Are you going to t ell us a joke," asked Williams, with a shudder. Sid's
cigars were better than hi s jokes .
"I never joke," r emarked that person, with cru shing hauteur.
"Excuse Williams , Barry," I sa id, " and tell us you r story if you've got one."
The dear boy beamed affection ately at me, and passing his cigar case to me,
said :
''Do any of you know Miss Beauty?''
We sighed.
Miss Beauty was the favorite topi c of conversation at the club. More
than ha lf its members were madly in love with her, a nd no one ha d ever
discovered her real na m e nor where she lived; nor, in fact, a nything about her. She
was very unapproachable . We h ad named her "Beauty," with astonishing appro pri ;tteness. She used to walk past our bay window quite often , and once the
ru sh of fellows was so great that Darcy fell through, la nding in a highly touching
and sentimental position at Miss Beauty's d ai nty feet.
He stuttered and got red in the face, and continued to abuse himself all to no
purpose; not a smile did he win . She only gathered her skirts togeth er in a more
fas cinatinv. manner, and tripped away. Since then Darcy has r efuse d to smile.
"Well, it seems as though you didn't know her," dryly remark ed Sid . We
sighed twice. "But I oo!!!"
There was a long rhetorical pause, broken a t last by Darcy's saying with ill co ncealed envy, "The devil you do.''
144
"I never joke," r eplied Barry with a superior smile; "it came about this way.
One day I was sauntering on the avenue, when all of a sudden my heart gave a
thump, for who should be just ahead of me but the angel-Miss B ."
''A thought came to me" ( I fear we a ll look ed skeptical h ere) ''and I said,
'All's fair in love'--I will follow h er . No sooner thought th a n done. After
making a few turns, she ran lightly up the steps of a pretty little house , and let
herself in with a latch k ey. It did not tak e Barry Sidney long to run up those
same steps and rin g the bell."
vVe a ll gasped. "'Oh, don ' t you see," said this paragon of colossal nerve,
''I figured it out like this. She would hav e had only enough time to get into
the hall, and look at hers elf in th e h all mirror (ail girls do that, you know), and
hearing the bell she would open the door. Then I would say something-hadn't
thought what, and she would answer , and th en-w ell , then I would have spoken
to her anyway. Don't you see?''
We could only nod our h eads in si len ce.
·'But to my disgust a dapper young fellow opened the door imm ed ia tely, and
the gi rl was nowh ere to be seen. His ap,Jearing like one of Aladdin's genii so
startled me that for the mom ent I was embarrassed.'' ( Martin gave me a nudge
and laugh ed up his sleeve.) ''Stammering a Iit tie I asked, 'Does Miss Sidney live
here?''
''Your own name,'' the fellows int errupted in surprise.
"Yes. by gad! it was the only one I could think of. But, listen, the young
dude said, 'Yes, she is exp ecting J'Ozt!' vVell, boys, if Darcy had paid me that
ten dollars, I could not have been more staggered. I felt quite ill for th e mom ent
but went in, a nd to my grea t relief the dude betook himself down the st reet, instead
of following me into th e drawing-room. He first called up th e steps in an indifferent manner, 'He's here , !11ugs!'
'' 'Mugs!' I thou g ht in disgust; 'oh torture! is her na me 111ugs .fl Bea utyMugs. From the s ublim e to the ridiculous.' She kept me waiting some tim e, so I
looked around .''
" Did you swipe any photos of her?" inquired Darcy with suspicious eagerness.
"No, I didn't see any, or I would, old man ," la ugh ed Barry .
'· Oh, well," expostulated Jarvis, "go on with your yarn-never mind what
vou saw."
So Sid went on-"In a few minutes (after I had looked around, Jarvis) there
was a rustle, and then before I could turn around, she was in the room , only a
couple of yards from me, looking up with the loveliest smile.''
D a rcy groaned. Poor chap !
"Ye gods, I was afraid to look at her, I dreaded to see that smile fade, a nd
to hear 'Excuse me , sir; I think you have made a mistake ; I do not know you . '
>
I45
�''But, no! ·when I did look up, she only smiled the more bewitchingly, so
having nothing better to do, I smiled, too.
"'Well," she said, 'aren't you going to speak to me?'
"I murmured that I was waiting for her to speak to me, at which she laughed
and called me 'silly.'
"I felt better, more at ease, equal to the emergency, etc. Evidently I was not
discovered.
" 'How changed you are. Not a bit like your photograph,' she hinted, with
a mischievous look.
"My knees clashed-it was coming!
" 'Let me see,' she went on, 'where did I put it? Maybe you didn't know that
Aunt Helen sent one to Mugs.'
"That everlasting Mugs. May she die a sudden death before she sees me, I
prayed.
" 'Did you know it?' I was asked.
"'Oh, dear yes.' I asserted boldly, 'I helped her to do it up.'
'' 'Oh,' screamed Miss Beauty, 'what a story-teller you have grown to be. It ' s
very wrong to be deceitful,' and diving into an embroidered bag on the table she
produced a photo of a hideous baby, on which was written,
'Harold-3 months
and 4 days.'
''So I was Harold. Good!
•· 'Now you helped her to do that up!' Miss Beauty pointed a tapering forefinger scornfully at the luckless babe.
"'Oh, that was only a joke,' I said lamely; for you know, fellows, I never
joke (here Jarvis treated his sleeve to another sunny smile) but it had the desired
effect and she smiled, asking solicitously, 'How is poor Aunt Helen?'
'' 'Oh, very much better,' I answered at a venture.
" 'Has she been ill ? ' inquired Miss B. in surprise, opening her sweet eyes
wide. 'Why she never told Mugs!'
"That blessed Mugs again. Why would she disturb my peace of mind?
'' ·Oh. nothing serious,' I assured her, 'only one of the old attacks.'
"I hadn't an idea what to say if she asked me the nature of the attack. But
she spared me and said, 'Oh, yes, tell me about Cousin Sue?'
"'Oh, she's tip-top,' I said gayly, bound not to subject Cousin Sue to any
ailments.
'''Now, Harold, you are very wicked to treat me this way.' The little finger
was being shaken at me solemnly.
'' 'Why?' I queried as lightly as I could.
" ·You are trying to puzzle me, Harold, by pretending Sue is a girl when I
know he is not; now aren't you ?'
'' 'You are a clever little--' and here my heart stopped-so did 1-1 did not
know what name to call her. A spasm chased itself across my face, painfully, but
she did not see it, thanks be to-Mugs, perhaps, I don't know.
''Stealing a look at her, I was surprised to see her deep in thought, and fearing
another question about some more cousins, I started the conversation on an easier
basis. 'Won't you play for me, I love music!'
''My simple request had a startling and unlooked-for effect. She flashed
around at me and said indignantly: 'Harold, I don't believe you know whether
I'm Betty or Kit ?'
"My eyes dropped before her accusing ones, I could not answer; but, eureka,
I happened to notice the initial 'B' on her dainty little handkerchief, so with a
radiant smile I said, 'Now I'll fool you, for you are Betty.'
'' 'No.I' she said, in sepulchral accents.
'' 'You can't be Kit?' feigning wonder, but certain of my game.
"'Nol' she said again , shaking with uncontrollable laughter. 'You ar~ too
good, Harold !'
''1 was certainly nonplussed at all events, and looked sheepish beyond a doubt.
"Just then some one was heard on the stairs. 'Here comes Mugs,' cried
Beauty joyfully.
'How glad she will be to see you.'
And with these words she
darted from the room, leaving me in mortal terror, to have a whispered consultation with the dreaded Mugs.
"When she entered I looked up eagerly. She was no dragon, but a very sweet
looking old lady, undoubtedly Beauty's mother.
"'How do you do?' I said. 'I am so glad to see you,' accenting every other
word, and rushing at her like a man goes for a free lunch counter.
"She thanked me and said she was very well, and hoped I had left them all
well at home. I assured her they were all very well, especially 'Sue.' It seemed
for a moment she was mystified, but Beauty reminded her to ask me to lunch.
''Of course, I had a thousand excuses ready, but the imperious little lady would
hear of none, so stay I must.
"The young dude came back and we had quite a merry(?) famil'y party. Never
will I forget that awful meal. I didn't even find out her name, for Mugs called
her 'dear' or 'pet' or 'love,' and the dude called her 'Sis.' Where Betty and Kit
were, 1 knew not. Then the terrible catechism I · had to undergo. The dude
wanted to know if I was anything of a sportsman, and to my reply in the negative,
said r ought to be, living in the country all my life.
'' 'Oh, well,' I said, 'you know dear mother was so nervous.'
" 'Nervous!' echoed Beauty, 'why Mugs used to tell me what a splendid shot
she was. Surely, she wasn't afraid to trust you with a gun!'
"I stammered something about that being some time ago, and looking up at
Mugs, found quite a kindly look in her eyes. But Beauty, the relentless vixen,
must next know about 'Sue's' college days, and if he got into any scrapes.
146
I47
�" 'Barrels,' I vowed, with alacrity, 'I' II tell yo u some of th em after while.'
"'Yet he used to be such a quiet fellow, ' said Beauty, apparently lost in
thoug ht.
''But everything com es to a n end-so did lun ch. Mugs a nd th e dude disappeared a nd Beauty and I seemed fated to another tete- a-tete.
"But th e door-bell ra ng a nd in came a messenger with a note, which requested
Beauty's compa ny at an informal afternoon tea , so I suggested leav ing at once.
" 'Well,' she said, 'yes, tha t would be very ni ce to let me go to my friends,
but you must promise to come back to-morrow evening, now won't you?'
"O h , if you could have see n h er smile ! No amount of catechis ms, no fear of
discovery could keep me away when she asked me to come, a nd I hinted as much
to her. But she only laug hed and called me 's illy' agai n, which I did not mind
much-from her. "
" But, my d ea r boy, " interposed D a rcy, "yo u didn't go back?"
Th e conte mpt wi th which Barry regard ed his friend wa s more tha n withering,
it was an nihila ting.
"Certainly," he sa id emphati ca lly. " I went back that nig ht and nearly
every nig ht since."
"Weren't you found ou t ?" ask ed J arvis.
"Oh, yes, " rep li ed Sid, indifferently, "last night I told h er who I was, and
she said--"
W e all stopped smoking in our eagerness to he:1r what she did to Barry,
when she called him down.
''S he said-she !tad known it ever since tlze first jive minutes she talked to mel"
''And didn't she expla in he r pa rt of the farce?'' W e all ask ed brea thless!y.
" Yes ," she had noti ced how I followed her so ma ny times (I didn't t ell you
of all the tim es I followed her-I only told you of th e last tim e) a nd she was going
to teach me a lesso n . So she concocted an imagin a ry Cou sin H arold , a nd m ade
my life a burden-though a delightful one it was. Mrs. Larim er had not approved
of he r course of act ion, but Sidney's word is la w."
"Sid11ey? who is Sidney?"
·· Wh y Beauty , of co urse. W as n' t it a stra nge coincidenc e, fellows, th at in
my e mbarrassme nt th at day I stood lacing the dud e, I asked for Miss Sidney,
and he th ought I reall y knew his sister, a nd Mugs, dea r Mugs, felt so sorry for
me, when Sidney mad e her promise to tak e her part in the little drama. Is there
a nythin g else you wa nt to know? "
"Well. yes; wha t 's the end of it?" It was D a rcy who asked the question.
"The e nd of it , old ma n, is-won 't you be my best ma n on the tenth of
November?''
Darcy sta red a moment , then murmured weakly, ''You are joking !''
'' I never joke,'' replied Sidney solemnly.
I48
Poem.
0 God! when sorrow sinks the heart
To deepest depths of wild despair,
Lives still th e hope to-morrow 's sun
Will shine with cl earer lig ht and fair!
What work hath bitterness to do?
What virtu e do we find in loss?
H ave tears th eir own reward in view?
Is there a crown for every cross?
Great God! who mov'st 'midst myriad spheres,
And dw ell 'st in hearts of lowly men ,
Will nobl e r d eeds displace frail fears?
Will li ves dejected rise ag;:~in?
Made g lorious thro ' their nig hts of g ri ef?
We so mehow feel tha t Thou art good;
That th ou a rt Faith's one, sole reli ef,
And yet we live not as we should .
Thy plans mysterious escape
Th e last a nalysis of thoug ht,
And yet we feel tha t Th ou dost ma ke
The web of life just as it ought
T o be; for Thou a rt just, and faith
In Thee joins our poor souls to thee .
Thou wilt not give o'er us to D eath ,
We e'en now feel th e victory.
Through life t o death we onwa rd g lide,
And death's life's gat eway dark,
O 'er life's roug h sea may Heaven g uide
Our shifting, tossi ng bark.
149
�Our Bel Air Hero.
I
T is the last inning. Nine times '·Forrest Hill'' has
been retired , leaving only sixteen runs to th eir cred it.
Through eight long innings "Bel Air" has struggled for
victory. At the bat for the last time, the score stands six teen
to sixteen, with two out and three on bases.
Now the mig hty Captain Stump springs up, spitting on
his hands and seizing his largest bat in a powerful grip, he
places himself in position.
Whir- r- r!! ''Strike one,'' declares the umpire.
Whiz! ! "Strikes two," the official repeats.
An awful crisis is at hand. The brave captain pulls up
his trousers, braces himself and again faces the pitcher.
~
Crack ! ! ! Something has happened. Stump is off
with lightning speed, a nd the ball, after describing a
graceful curve, drop3 lightly into infinity, so mewhere behind the centre-field fence.
Th e hero of the day canters in behind hi s three base-runners, and the honor
of Bel Air is saved-saved by Stump Worthin g ton.
The Pinkney Glee Club.
G
REAT exc itement prevails among the residents of Pinkney. Da ni el Webster
Burroughs, a Freshm an, from the rustic confines of Charles, feels that his
voice should ming le with the melodious strains produced by the recently organized
Pinkney Glee Club. At his r equest, the President has called a special meeting for
the purpose of t esting his mu sica l powers.
At the appointed hour all th e members are assembled, anxiously awaiting the
appearance of the candidate. The fiddler is present to play accompaniments.
The musical director, the Hon. W. H. Wyatt, who, if Burroughs' views are correct , has a reputation throughout the State, is also present to honor the occasion.
Now the candidate enters and is enthusiastically welcomed. The supreme
moment has a rrived and all is hushed; the silver tongued orator takes the floor.
After several attempts to get in tune with the fiddler, he manages to run the scale
u pwards, but, in trying to descend, he stops to ask th e assistance of the competent
director, who simply says, ''Go on; do the best you can."
The club, not yet satisfied with his mirth-producing efforts, requests him to
sing so me popular airs, by which th ey can probably gain a better knowledge of his
vocal powers. Daniel W. , being exceedingly desirous of displaying his sweettoned voice, responds with "Nearer My God to Thee." This is so well rendered
that his hearers a re thrilled with wonder and admiration and he sits down amidst
loud outbursts of applause. He is unanimously voted in, and the club appreciates
his worth so highly that he is at once elected Vice-President. Speech! Speech!!
is heard on all sides. He responds with the following: ''Gentlemen, I feel that
I ought to be proud of the honor to be elected to this honorable position--"
He is interrupted at this point by a gentle knocking upon the door. This disturbance is found to be caused by Mr. Howard Beard, another member of that
embryonic Class of 1902 ; he having heard the applause, also wishes to join.
The candidate is requested to take his position and get in tune with the
fiddler. Upon the musical director's asking him to run the scale, he remarks
that he would rather sing a favorite selection. And there being no dissatisfaction on the part of the members, he renders "The St~r Spangled Banner" to an
air which no one present is able to locate.
Being encored he sings (?) ''On the Banks
of the Wabash' ' to the same tune. After
the applause has somewhat subsided, he is
declared a member.
Now, to the great astonishment of his
fellow-members, Vice-President Burroughs
rises and tenders his resignation, saying,
''Gentlemen, I hate to do it and I hope you
won't think hard of me , but I 've got a lot of
lessons to stud y, and want to join the
Athletic Society a nd one of the Literary
Associations, so I won't have tim e to do my duty to the club,
a nd I ' ll have to resign my position." Mr. Penington arising,
addresses the meeting with these words: ''Mr. President a nd
gentlemen, althoug h we all d eeply regret that th e honorable
gentleman mu st resign, let us rejoice in the fact th at we have
another in our midst, one who is fully competent of assuming
the responsibilities of this office, therefore I take great pleasure
in nominating Mr. Howa rd Beard.'' ( Here Mr. Burroughs profusely tha nks Mr.
Penington. ) Mr. Beard being the only nominee, the Secretary casts th e ballot.
Study call inte rrupts th e new Vice - President in the act of a rising to tha nk the club.
ISO
lSI
�The Leader of Company B .
How Tommy Draws Them ln.
.:1H E gallant and dashing leader of Company B did not appear on the parade
ground at drill period, and his celebrated band of h eroes found themselves
under the command of their noble First Lieutenant, whose a uburn locks were
carefu lly plastered down for the occasion, and whose elega nt Oehm 's blouse co ncealed afeeling in his bosom.
Mirabile dictul Company B won the mark. Was it not proper that the tall
captain should receiv e some recognition for the in estimable service he had done
his company by staying away. At least the Juniors thought so, and two or three of
them scurried away to prepare a banquet for His Majesty.
About fiftee n minutes later th e honored one strolled into the dining-room
with a beaming smile on his countenance, for he had just returned from a call on
his fiancee. He seated himself at his table, and pushed his cumbersome feet to
the other end, but upon turning his plate over he recoiled, startled at what he
T
saw. There lay a cold and juicy rat, carved to suit the most fastidious taste.
The students cou ld restrain themselves no longer, and the Jackass sarcastically
remarked , "Aha, Mr. Chinaman, you will put vinegar in our milk!" The brave
captain' s stomach could not reconcile the idea of milk and chopped rat, and he
rushed hastily from the dining-room where he was not seen again that day.
!52
"Will you walk into my office?"
Says our Tommy with a smile.
"We're fixed up for College students
In the very latest style.
W e've a second-handed organ
And a goodY. M. C. A.
A ball ground a nd a tenni s court
Q uite la rge enough for play.
Th en our little sweat· box bed-rooms,
With no ma tting on the floor ,
Are fitt ed up with extra nails
For clothing-on the door.
All the walls were lately papere ~l
For th e fourteenth time at least ,
And bugs, in beds of cobblestones,
Are eage r for a feast.
Our roach-fly speckled dining-room,
Has brand-new bills of fare.
And boarders will be highly pleased
(If they can live on air) .
Our waiters ca nnot be excelled
For making others wait,
And tipping dishes over all
Who do not tip th em straig ht.
We will furnish milk lik e wa ter
And oleomargarine,
Besides our view of Buzzards' Roost
Is the finest ever seen.
Our prices are so v ery small
For the luxuri es we give,
That we have to crowd you in
To make enough to live.
' Tis only twenty doll ars ,rnonth ly
(And some big ex tras, too) ,
But just walk into my of.fice
And we'll see what we can do .
153
�Commencement Day.
Wednesday, June JS, 1898, at J0.30 A.M.
.;!.
Order of Exercises.
Music.
u Stump's
Inquiry."
Procession of Candidates for Degrees, Alumni, His Excellency, Governor
L. Lowndes, and the Board of Governors, the Superintendent of the Naval
Academy, and other distinguished Visitors, the Faculty and President of the
College.
Reading of Scriptures,
Prayer,
Music.
" H ave you seen the mail?" our little stump asked,
As he rushed in my room in a flurry.
" I have not, my dear littl e boy," I said,
'' But, what makes you seem in a hurry?''
'' Oh, Kidney and I, Tha nksgivin g were hom e,
You remember th e excellent weather?
We talked on the way of the fun we would have,
And the girls we would haul round together.
''The first night at hom e we both started out,
To pay a society duty;
And Kidney got st ruck on Joe's little girl ,
I tell you what, she's a beauty.
''So I thought I would stop , and ask for th e mail,
As my girl now owes me a letter.
Oh, dear, I a m a nxious , I wish she would write,
' Tis impossible I shou ld forget her. "
J. W . Buffington, Annapolis, Mel.
Salutatory Address,
Music.
A. L. Wilkinson, North Keys, Mel.
P rize Oration ,
Music.
CoNFEHRING OF DEGREES.
Governor L. Lowndes.
Address to the Graduating Class, .
Music.
AWARDING CERTIFICATES OF DISTINCTION AND PRIZES.
Address on behalf of the Society of Colonial Dames of Maryland ,
By Hon. J . Wirt Randall.
Music.
P. H. Edwards, Annapolis, Mel.
Valedictory Address,
Music.
Annual Address before the Alumni, . Rev. Ed. 0. F lagg, D.D., New York, N.Y.
BENEDICTION .
DEGREES to be conferred at the Commencement on vVednesday , June IS ,
I8g8:
Graduate Degrees.
BACHELOR OF ARTS.
Albert Livingstone 'vVilkinson,
Philip Howard Edwards,
Annapoli s, Md.
North K ey , Md.
J ames 'vV a!ter H uffington ,
Peter Parrott B lanchard ,
Annapoli s, Md.
Annapolis , Md.
A lvey Michael Isanogle,
Edward Russell Cassidy,
Annapo li s, Md .
Catoctin, Md .
IO
154
I
55
�Charl es Edward Terry ,
Edwin H. Brown, Jr.
Ce ntrev ill e, Md.
An napolis, M d .
James Bayard Noble,
Owen Si ncl a ir Ceci l,
Hickman , D el.
Mi ll er sv ill e, Md .
Charles Hutchinson MacNabb,
N icholas O rem ,
St . M ichael's . Nld.
Macton, Mel.
Kao lin L ochi el vVhitson.
Hager stow n , JV[cl.
BA HELOR OF SCIENCE.
'98 Class Day Exercises.
Robe rt Goldsborough ,
Daniel H erbert Duvall ,
Par·o le, Mel.
Cambrid ge, Mel.
Wi lli am Maybell Clarke,
D eW itt Clinton L yles,
Marri o ttsv ill e, Mel.
Ha rwood , Mel.
June H, J898, 0 A.M.
In M c D owe ll Hall.
MASTER OF ART S.
Thomas G. Latimer, Class '94 ,
L. A ll ison Wilm er, Class ' 71.
Annapol is,
Baltim ore, Mel.
~Icl .
Program .
Honorary Degrees.
D ocT O R O F DrviNIT Y .
ew York ,
J. \iValter Buffington
Roll Call and Reading of ·M inutes,
R ev . J ohn A . G utteri dge ,
Rev. Charl es Campbell P ierce,
Newark, N. ] .
Y.
James B . Noble
Class History.
Class P rop hecy,
Baltimore , Mel.
Docr o R OF L AW S,
Charl es E. Terry
Farewell Add ress,
Rev . Chas. W. Baldwin ,
A . L. Wilkinson
By the Presid ent , Charl es E. Terry
P resentati on of Mock D ipl o mas,
R ev . Edward Octavu s F lagg,
New Yo r k , N. Y.
PRES IDEN"'r's F .\R E \VELL AnDRE SS .
Prizes.
Prize offered by the Alumni to S enior Class for the Best Original Oration.
A lbert L. vVilkinson.
SMOKIN G THE P I PE OF PE.\ CE .
Prestdent' s Prize for Btblical Study.
Ui\'VE! LI NG O F T!I E CLASS S ill ELD.
Howard C. Hi ll.
Prizes Awarded by the Society of the .Colonial Dames of Maryland for the Best Essays on
the Colonial History of Maryland.
FLR ST PRIZE.
SECOi\D PRIZE.
D eW itt C. Ly les .
AD J OU R Ni\l E~ T .
Charl es E . Terry.
Prestdent's Prize Medal for Oratory to Members of the J unior Class .
W illiam L. M ayo,
Ridgeley P . Melvin.
A nn apo li , Mel .
A nn apo li s, :\1cl.
. rs6
I
57
�St. Johnt s Publications.
Philokalian and Philomathean Societies.
The 30th and 29th Anniversaries.
The HCollegian."
June, J898.
For '99- J900.
Program.
. James B. Noble, <I>. K.
Address of Welcome,
Music.
R ev . Edw ard R. Parrott, <I>. K.
Address by Alumnus,
Music.
]. Walter Huffington , <I>. K.
Orator,
Music.
John H. Waller, <I>. M.
Address by Alumnus,
Music.
. J. R.
Editor-in-Chief, .
Associate Editor,
Litera ry Editors,
Alumni Editor,
Athletic Editor, .
Town and Campu s Editor ,
Humorous Editors, .
Ex change a nd Intercoll egiate Editor,
Business Manager,
Assistant Business Man ager,
PHELPS
. S. T. M ACKALL
\\ ' . H .
WYATT, H.
c. HILL
j. 0.
P U R V IS
TH OS. PENI NGTON
W.
C.
C. HERM AN ,
J. SHARTZER
0.
K. T oLLEY
. P. H. HERMAN
H. P . TUR NER
. L.
J.
FAIR BANK
Alva M. Isan ogle, <I>. M.
Farewell Address,
Music.
The HRat-Tat."
DANCING.
For '99- J900.
Executive Committee.
} AMES B. NOBLE,
<I>. K.
ALVA M. l SANOGLE,
]. WALTER H uFFINGTON,
CHA R LE
H. MACNABB,
<I>. M.
G.
DouGLAS,
<I>. M.
s. TURNER
<I>. K.
MACKALL,
<I>. M.
HENRY
<I>. K.
Reception Committee.
} Ol-IN
s.
CHARLES
STRAHORN,
c.
<I>. K.
HERMAN,
HENRY P. T URNER,
H ENRY
<I>. K.
G.
PAUL H . H E RMAN,
F.
<I>. K.
rs8
<I>. M .
<I>. M.
DOUGLAS,
} OHNS BOHANAN,
<I>. M .
Editor- in- Chief, .
Associate Editor,
Literary Editor,
Poetical Editor,
Humorous Editor,
• A .
G.
H.
KR UG
F . WISNER
H . S. ALMONY
j.
P. BRISCOE , JR.
E. C.
M. M.
Alumni Editor,
Athletic Editor,
Art Editor,
Miscellaneous Editor,
Business Managers ,
FoNTAINE
WORTHIN GTON
P.
J.
KEARNEY
. G. R . RO BERTS
. J. R. C AU LK
W . ].
159
WILEY ,
0. B.
COBLENTZ
�The Shirt Tail Parade.
.;!.
T
HE Shirt Tail Parade, as usual, was held thi s year. T he Battali on was
fo rm ed at I I P. M. The campu s and parade g round were brilliantly
illuminated with colored li ghts. A fter battalio n drill the compani es were formed
fo r dress parade and the following o rde rs were read :
O rdered , that Sergeants Cow a nd Jackass be stabl ed and put in separate stall s.
O rdered, that two o rderli es be detai led to repo rt to Lieutenant Chri ster ,
every mo rning, with curling-irons a nd hair-o il.
Ordered, that P ri vate Carter, Company B , be detailed to keep the train of
Cap tai n traho rn's cape from dragging on t he g ro und .
O rde red, that Sergeant Tolley mutilate part of hi s B.A.
O rdered, that a derrick be pur ·based to rai se Q uartermaster Bohanan's
vo ice.
O rde red , that P riva te B riggs be p laced in a g la s ca~e and labeled.
O rdered , that a stab le be bui lt for Colonel Soho's trotting ho rse.
By req uest of the fair sex :
O rdered, t hat Li eutenant Melvin refrain from thrusting hi s obnox ious presence upon the young ladi es of A nnapo lis.
O rdered, that Corpo ral White's legs be placed in st raig ht jackets.
O rdered , that coffee and pisto ls be provided for Lieutenant Douglas and
Serg·eant Shartzer, a nd that the winner call eig ht times a week on Prince
Geo rge St reet.
O rd ered , that P riva te Hutchins leave hi s robe de nuit at home when he call s
on th e young ladies.
O rdered, that P rivate Fait be call ed every m o rning at su x -suxty-sux.
O rdered, that a red, ·w hite and blue necktie be presented to Co rpo ral
A lm on y, and that h e g ive hi s g reen one a rest.
Ordered, that P riv ate \Vorthington place a chain a roun d hi s head .
Ordered, that Sergeant Conrad use a flatiron to sm ooth so me of th e wrinkl es
·
in his face .
O rdered, that Sergeant Baer Jearn to walk in a strai g ht lin e.
O rde red, that Se rgeant Lawson be reduced to th e ra nks fo r p lay in g poker.
O rdered, t ha t Ad jutant E. H. :M ullan summ o n up so me amb iti on.
O rde red , that Corpo ra l Wisner keep o ff P rin ce Geo rge treet.
O rde red, t hat Quartermaster- Sergeant T. Fell be confin ed to the guard house fo r wast ing the Co ll ege's suppl y of demerits.
O rde red , that Captai n Lyons be cou rt-marti aled for defeating Major Cissel 's
force , Ap ril 14th .
Ordered, that Quartermaster-Sergeant A nd erson be g iven a bath, and ten
big cigarette stu mps.
O rde red, tha t Sergeant Hodges be sent to Hades to torture the Devi l with
hi s questions.
r6o
A Visit of the G. 0. H.
[Submitted by a Freshman.]
It was at the midnight ho ur,
vV hen all throug h the hall
No sound was heard,
Not the faintest foot-fall.
Innocent F reshmen, thinking of no mi shap ,
'vVere settling themselves for a winter nap.
S uddenl y there a rose such a clatter,
Every F reshm an got up to see wha t was the m atter ,
A nd were dismayed to see in the clark
Masked Sophs. o ut for a lark.
Freshmen were seized to the number of fi ve,
By brave Sopho m ore's, and those who had a rri ved .
To the tune that was sung by the braves g rim ,
These poor F reshmen were h astil y m a rched over to the Gym,
A nd fo r two long hours were put through the mill ,
For the purpose of g iving over their power of will.
vVhen dawn had arrived som e F reshmen appeared rather m eek,
And one o r two couldn 't sit fo r a week .
A Common Quesfton.
Maid of A nnapoli s, ere I go,
Tell m e, "Is that clock mu ch slow ?"
Fo r in spect io n I must make
O r ten deme rits sad ly take.
Ha rk ! I hear the o ld church clock
I sho uld n ow have gone one b lock,
Bu t before I go, just say,
May I co me . ain this way ?
Maid of A nnapoli s, ere I go,
Tell m e, "Is that clock mu ch slow ?''
r6r
-
�The G. 0. H.
First Annual Masquerade,
Held in Gymnasium October 31, 1898, at 2.30 A. M .
Program.
Officers (ex officio) .
William J. Shartzer, L.S.:VI.P.H.G.M.
*- - - - -- , I.C.M.P.W.S.K.
Paul H. Herman, P.E.C.S. B.
William H. Wyatt, C.S.
Charles C. H erman , H.M-M.C.T.
Ferdinand Willi;1ms, Angel.
William P. L :twson, Chaplain.
Prayer
. . by the Chaplain.
Boxing Match
. Aftung vs. Mi llikin.
Mr. Aftung won by delivering a knock-out blow of .0037 horsepower, in th e sixth round,
after three and one-half minutes of fighting.
Three Excuses for Living . . . . . . . F ait, Millikin, Aftung, Eichm a n, Kell y.
Mr. Eichman won with the followin g: ( a) ' 'To be a Freshman . "
by the Sophs." (c) "To be here to enjoy myself."
(b)
"To be hazed
Boat Race . . . • . • Provided-two bowls full of water and four toothpicks.
Aftung vs. Kelly.
Mr. Kelly won. Mr. Aftung, on account of his specific gravity, displaced too much water
and was not able to seat himself properly in his boat.
Barking Contest . . . . . . Object-The Moon. Volum e, Sweetness and Floibity of T one considered, . . . Fait, Millikin, Aftung, Eichman, Kell y .
Mr. Millikin won.
Officers .
G. Franklin Wisner, Lord Supreme a nd Most Puissa nt High Grand Mogul.
Harry S. Almony, Indian Chief Poopli-ki and Most Potent Wielder of the Scalping Knife.
Oscar B. Coblentz, Pre-eminent and Exalted Commander of the Slat Brigade.
E. Clarke Fontaine, Chief Slatter.
John P. Briscoe, Jr., High Muckyty-Muck of the Chain Twisters.
Willard J. Wiley, Angel in charge of Victims.
Andrew H. Krug, Chaplain.
Members (ex officio).
Class of I 900.
Members.
Class of I 90 r.
*The Class of 1900 was not fortunate enough to have a savage of Poopli-ki 's abilities in
their camp.
I62
Ch asing Smiles . . .
. . . . . Fait, Millikin, Aftung, Eichman, Kelly.
A ll five won the first prize.
Imitation of Short Line Railroad Train . . . . . . Provided-contestants elbows
to serve as wheels, and a gymnasium horse to serve as a tunnel.
Fait vs . Aftung.
Mr. Fait won. Mr. Aftung tried to ch ange his gear whi le in the tunnel , and broke his
steam-steering apparatus.
Distribution of Prizes and Conferring of Stripes.
O scar B. Coblentz, P.E.C.S. B.
E . Cl arke Fontaine, C.S .
�St. John's Established Church.
St. John's Regiment of Volunteer Prevaricators.
P op e . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. K. Toll ey , B.A.
Cardinals . . ]. R. Ph elps, W . H . W yatt, B.N , B. F .
B ishop. Hi s wors hip , Th e Ve ry Rt . R ev. T . A . Coll ison
P riests . F a t hers, Bu ggeus Lyo ns, Thom as P eningt on*
Brotlzers
P . H . H erm a n J C. C. H erm a n
Saint . . . . .
. Edgar F ontaine
L ocal P reacher
. H. S. Almony :j:
A lta1 B oys . .
'
. S choolfi eld, Ei chm a n. Aftun g
*Called d o wn for going to church tw ice in on e day.
t Excommunica ted for attendin g th e E piscopa l Church wh en
his g irl was in to wn .
t Suspended for s itting o n th e steps o f th e Method ist Church
with a youn g lad y.
Colonel.
H a rmless Boha na n.
L ieutenant- Colonel.
L . I. A. R . Crawford. *
Majors.
Dum py P ening ton .
Stump W orthin g ton.
Captaius.
S . F. C. P . Lawso n.
W. ] . Sha rtzer.
Za ntbus A nd erson .
F . 0. U . Irela nd .
L ieutenants.
Anderson's Soliloquy.
.;!-
This pipe is all th at 's left me now ,
I puff a nd chew a nd sp it.
When on ce a ma n begin s t o s mok e
He d on't know where he 'll g it.
Last year I sm ok ed a cigarette,
T wo y ears ago, a sni pe,
But finall y I settled d ow n,
Determined on th e pi pe .
Th ey used to call me yell ow kid,
' Twas yea rs ago, alack!
To -d ay th e Dr. called m e brown ,
To -morrow I ' ll be black .
164
L. I. Hill. :j:
P eter Br.1dy.
Bu g . L yons .
Kidd Melvin .
N . A. Turn er .-f
Uniqu e R as in .
F . Y. Fa it .§
Tub Aftun g .
Higlz Private in tlze R ear R anks.
J oh n Chinama n S tra horn.
*Pro moted fo r e xtraord ina r y proficiency.
so.
t Long imaginatio n.
~ F i s h ya rn .
·r Ro rn
�Q
President.
S \V!LLT ,UI~.
JA CKA
Vice-President.
HoN. TnoMA S
PEKINGTO~ ,
P.D .Q.
The White Ribbon Society.
Secretary and T reasurer.
Cow CoNRAD.
Long-eared Jacks.
Wm. Fait.
H . G. Retz.
D. Burroughs.
P. D. L YONs,* P res ident.
Tum,rAs PE~INGTON ,t V ice-P re iden t.
SltorL-eared Jades.
C. C. Herman.
Officers in Charge of Intoxicated Members.
LeRoy Fai rb ank .
H. C. Hi ll.
General Asses.
B . vV. Anderson.
0. K. Tolley.
Blooming Ass.
J oh n Strah orn.
H ostler.
Polecat Cob len tz.
!66
J . R. P helps.t
P . H. Herman:!
Jlfzdes.
vV. J. Shartzer.
T. . CoLLISON, Secretary.
W. J . SnARTZER,t Trea urer.
S. T . Mackall.
W . P. Lawson.§
H. S. Almony.
Members.
H. P. Turner.
Wm. Fait. II
0. K. Tolley.
W. 0. Spates. ·
E . C. Fontaine.
J. W. Crawford.
C. C. Herman . II
M. Morgans.
W. H . Wyatt.
·x· At prese nt dodging t he Grand Jury.
t Whiskey
proof.
t In Mexico. Suit entered against him by Chas . E. Crandall & Co.
~O n e "smil e" and a "grin" hi s limit.
IJ Suspended for being so ber on Saturday night.
167
�Growler Rushers.
Dark. Fac itis G ross.
Dr. Africanus Garver.
First meeting held in Y. M . C. A . room.
Second meeting held in Faculty room .
Third m eeting indefinit ely postpo ned .
Questions from our Semi-Annual Exams.
I.
=
Heard on the Parade Ground.
The equation to the North Pole being, y
m.x
American flag hoisted upon it. (Junior Math. )
+ b,
find the diameter of th e
2.
Right face ! Halt!
Right dress! March!
Sq uad jump! March!
Co mpany! vVhoa Paul!
Compa ny halt! March!
Left dress! Halt!
Sq u ad turn around!
S hoot double tim e ! F ire!
Batt ali o n , open ranks ! Fours left!
Right forward , fours left ! March!
Battali o n! A m en!
(a) By drawings, show the difference between a musical beat, a drum beat
and a dead beat .
(b) Give one method fo r determining th e velocity of tim e.
(c) Given the specific gravity of light, the weight of sound, and the luna r
attraction of Jupiter, st ate the conservation of energy in a bucket of water. (Physics. )
3·
Treat a pound of boarding club butter with the gastric juices and send fo r a n
undertaker. (Chemistry .)
March!
4
(a) Give the pedigree of William Shakspeare's dog, and state whether or
not he spoke Irish.
( b) Describe the pen, and give the color of the ink, with which Milton wrote
his "Paradise Lost."
(c) State whether or not Chaucer Knew J\ liu s Cresar, and if not, \vhy not.
( Freshmen English.)
5·
( a) Tell why Nap oleon did not win the battle of Waterloo .
(b) Compare th e inh abitants of Ann apolis with those of Ancient Spa rta .
( Freshman History. )
6.
(a ) Give th e phys iolog ical effects of robbing a green apple tree.
( b) Turn off the gas and analyze tu-lips. ( Botany .)
r68
�Adventures of a Cow.
SLIM-Because he is so brassy.
CHRISTER (with a f eeling in /z£s noble bosom)- There goes a nother.
BoTTLE (sniffling)-! smell hair oil. Say, Christer, you applied the contents
of a whole bottle before you came over, didn't you?
PEGGY (imitating Clzrister's style)-- I feel it in my bosom that he did.
CHAUNCEY (laugliing at !zis own wit [.11'] )-Any man that eats as much as you
have eaten ought to feel it in his bosom.
A Mellow-Drama in Two Acts.
Dramatis Personae.
COW,.
Chauncey,
Slim,
Jackass, .
Peggy,
Dutchman,
Poopli-ki,
Christer, .
Harmless,
Chinaman,
Bottle, .
Frostburg,
. B. F. Conrad
T. A. Collison
L. J . Fairbank
F. Williams
. W. H. Wyatt
W. J. Shartzer
H. S. Almony
F. W. Evans
F. J. Bohanan
J. S. Strahorn
0. K. Tolley
. H . C. Hill
ACT I.
ScENE I. -Dining Room of S.J. C. B . C.
SYNOPSIS.
Ditmer time. Clean (.!') table-cloths on seven neatly set tables. A handsome Pinkney
water pitcher adoms the .Junior table. Waiters itt jitll dress (i. e., with all their clot/us O?t).
Bill of fare-Beef or pork, sweet potatoes a Ia spotlge, nice sour bread, and oth er dainties.
[Harmless enters.]
HARMLESS (inhaling the fragrance of cabbage)-By Gosh! We never have
no sich truck daown aour way.
BoTTLE (dryry)- What kind of stuff do you have down your way, Harmless?
HARMLESS (gruflly) -By Gum! We have lots of taters, herring-Cow (interrupting) -! 've been !zearing of this before.
( GroaftS Cow receives pain from all quarters.
the Pinkney ornammt, spilling the water.)
(Cow now gets up from the table, and lingers around the other tables, wondering why his
puns do not create !aug/iter )
CURTAIN FALLS.
ACT II .
ScENE II.-Same as Scene .1.
SYNOPSIS.
Seated at the .Junior table, Slim , Dutchman, .Jackass, Peggy, and the others, with the
exception of Cow. M enu- Pork or bee./. fragrant coffee and prunes. Utaiters stilt in jitll dress.
DuTCHMAN-Say, fellows, when Cow comes in, give him plenty of opening
for his puns, but don't crack a smile. ( Cow lopes in and sits down ) .
JACKASS (making an opening)-Cow, pass me the butter.
Cow (grasping the opportunity)- There's none here , but you had butter send
for some. (All are able to keep their faces straight except Peggy.)
DUTCHMAN-Why did you laugh?
PEGGY-How could I help it; it was so ridiculous.
FROSTBURG-Wesley, what have we for supper?
WESLEY (in full dress) - We have beef fo' a change, sah.
FROSTBURG-Well, you can keep the change .
BoTTLE (holding up two fingers at Poopli-ki of the Sophomore table)-Say,
Poopli-ki, how's your white girl .!'
:
PoOPLI-KI (in angry tone)-N one of your business, Bottle.
(Now Cow rises from !tis seat and meanders toward the door, but before he gets there,
another brig itt [?] idea overcmnes lzim, and so he exclaims, ' ' I'll open the door and let in some
ere I go.'' But this is too m1tch for !tis hearers, who spring from their seats and rttSh toward
the Cow. After a good pounding , they throw lzim out of the door.)
In the mix up, .Jackass, as ttsual, upsets
CURTAIN FALLS.
Cow-Now, wat-er you going to do about that? (Receives more bread. )
CHINAMAN-Just listen to the Junior jokes.
FROSTBURG-Why is it that Chinaman is so bright?
I70
II
I7!
�Often Heard.
Facts.
-- - ! ! !- - ? ! !--!- - ,! !- - ?? ?! !!
I ' ll be dogged.
I had a good dinner to-day .
Oh, my g racious !
Let 's get that La tin out.
Ju lius Pri est !
I think you ' re bug hou se.
I certainly do .
I a in't a go ing to d o it.
I've los t my book, Professor.
R ead th e D u tch to me .
I haven' t look ed a t this lesso n.
I didn ' t go uge a bit.
Th a t ain ' t no li e .
Ma mi e, my littl e ga l. (song.)
She's a peach.
Say, fe ll ow s, I ' m in lov e .
H ave you see n th e mail yet ?
N ot until yet .
What train a re y ou going home on next Jun e?
I do n 't kn ow, d o you ?
All out for Y.M . C. A .
My Gosh!
L et' s g o to church , for a cha nge .
Gee whiz!
H e flunk ed me aga in .
L et's ge t to work .
I d on ' t ca re if I do.
Is it tim e to get up ?
Are we go in g to ha ve drill ?
H as in spection been ta k e n up ?
It 's j est th is way .
You cannot just a lways t ell .
Goll y !
You ' re a brick .
I never jok e.
Is tha t so?
1 72
T he
Th e
The
T he
T he
T he
T he
The
Th e
T he
T he
T he
T he
T he
T he
T he
T he
T he
T he
The
T he
T he
T he
T he
T he
T he
The
T he
The
The
T he
T he
T he
T he
D. 'vV. B urro ug hs
'vV . H . Beard
J . \ ,Y. C rawfo rd
Harm less Boha n an
. 0 . K. To ll ey
T he Cheru b
La Vache Co nrad
J ack ass 'vV ill ia m s
Polecat Coblentz
Ho rse r P help
J . S. St ra ho rn
W. P. L awson
A nd rew K rug
D um py Penin g to n
A ftun g
L. Bae r
W. H . Wyatt
La Motte
H.u ll man ·
. Bake r
l\IIo rgan
. J o hn Chri ster E van s
Mayo
\ V. J. Sha r tze r
B rady
D isputed
Capt ain Hayden
Co m pany B
Slim Fa irbanl~
ophomo re Class
H. C. H ill
D. N icho ls
Bishop
H utchin s
best lad ies' man ,
best singer ,
best dancer,
m os t da ngero us m a n,
m ost rapi d m an ,
m ost ski llful gouger,
most g racefu l m an ,
wo rst ki cker , .
g reatest nui sance,
sweetest vo ice,
sm allest feet,
best po ker player,
best all -a round athl e te,
tall est m an ,
best relay runn er,
best g ui de in the batt ali o n . .
q ui etest m a n,
noisiest m a n, .
best stu dent,
best g ra mm aria n , .
best d rill ed m a n,
ho li est m a n ( ?) ,
mos t efficient offi cer .
m ost poli shed swearer.
best mathem ati cia n, .
ha ndso mest m a n , .
best m in st rel,
best drilled co m pany,
fattest m a n,
m ost intell ectual cl ass, .
best foot ball pl ayer, .
best baseball playe r ,
best litera ry man,
tri cki est m an ,
1/J
�Time-Table of Important Events.
Don,ts for the Students.
Don't fail to buy a "RAT-TAT."
Don't fail to subscribe to next year's Collegian.
Don't swear when you read this year's Collegian.
Don't lock Toby in the safe. You a re liable to be suspended.
Don ' t haze the Freshmen. They might not like it.
Don't shave Crawford's mustache off. He can't play center against Harvard.
Don ' t fail to borrow tobacco or cigarettes.
Don't call on the girls more than seven nights in the week.
Don't study too much. It leads to serious results .
Don't overeat in the Boarding Club.
Don't knock upon a door when you wish to enter a room . Just kick it in.
Don ' t fail to gouge in exams. It's the quickest way to get out of College.
Don't forget to jump on Stump's bed. It is good exercise.
Don't take a bath every week. It is easy to overdo the matter.
Don't try to jolly the Annapolis girls. They have been fooled before.
Don't fall in love with an Annapolis girl. Look a t those who have done so.
Don't run the toughs offthe Campus. They might feel offended.
Don't be surprised when you see roast beef in the Club.
Don't act disorderly in the Club.
Don ' t fail to answer "Present" when the "Church Roll" is called .
Don't let Fait smell the cork of your witch-hazel bottle.
Don't attempt to answer Hodges' questions.
Don't look down on Strahorn.
Don't let Christer meet your best girl.
Don't monkey with Professor Brigg's lock.
Don't fail to use a ''Pony'' for Latin .
Don ' t laugh at "Pokey's" jokes or the " Cow's'' puns.
Don ' t offer to take a girl to the Hop if it looks like rain .
Don't ask us whom we danced with at the "Soldier's Ball."
Don't get in La Motte's way, he's in a hurry.
Don't kick up a row.
Don ' t fail to smash $7 .so worth of test tubes in the Laboratory.
Don't do it, it's already done.
174
September 22 .
23.
'
Nineteen-hundred arrived and college opened.
Tommy's collection for the backwoods arrived and fourth floor
of Pinkney changed color. (Green.)
26. Conrad received a ''Jackass Promotion'' and came to the conclusion that he wouldn't drill any more.
28. Pinkney Glee Club organized.
29. Burroughs enlisted.
October
3· Student Beard given his Physical examination for the Glee Club.
6. Tolley, B.A ., discarded his (once) white sweater.
I3. Strahorn' s reputation under a doctor's care.
14· Buck let a candidate cut him out.
20. Cherub and the Villain met behind the Gym.
2!. The Cherub had a black eye.
24. Pat made a mash.
27. Had t a rget practice in Townshend's room. Whole Junior shooting-match turned out.
3I. Fourth floor delegation entertained the G. 0. H., at 2 A.M . , in
the Gym.
November I. Much
2.
Hell
raised
3·
Ill
4·
5·
Pinkney.
7· Disquieting rumors circulated.
8. The Sophs. shipped. College took a holiday. Students amused,
Profs. perplexed. Several Faculty meetings, and one massmeeting. The Black Sheep t aken back into the fold.
I I.
Brady discovered tha t Strahorn had three feet.
I7. Purvis flunked in Math.
Ig . Defeated Johns Hopkins on the gridiron.
20. "Swelled Heads" in evidence.
24. Thanksgiving Day. The Students in the Club got something
to eat.
25.
First Sergeants Bill and Dumpy went to Baltimore (shopping?)
and ca me back loaded.
175
�November 28.
December
[.
8.
9·
II.
I7 .
I8.
20.
21.
22.
January
4·
7·
9·
I4.
I6 .
I7.
18.
I9.
21.
25.
26.
29.
F eb ruary
I.
3·
4·
7·
10.
II.
13.
I5 .
I6.
I7.
20.
27.
Dr. Fell proved to the students that they were getting too much
to eat in the Clu\;>.
Dumpy went to early class without his breakfast. Students
greatly worried on his account.
Th e result of the great combine and the downfall of the Jackass .
Hill, H. C., received a handicap in Dutch.
Scabby, Chauncey, Peggy, Oscar, B.A., the Dutchman and the
Ja ckass attended Y.M.C.A. meeting. Very import ant.
Chauncey knocked five (ten-pins in th e Gym ) .
Everybody went to church.
Dumpy, as usual, passed "math." exam.
Pinkney quartet sang "Home, Sweet Home," on Freshman floor.
Left Annapolis to astonish the old folks a t home.
H appy(?) reunion.
Sis, Pauline, a nd Freshman Fait did th e town.
Som ething mysterious happened to Professor Brigg's lock .
Sergeants Her ma n, P. H., and Phelps, th e guides ofC Company,
were on extra duty as guides for their Captain.
Harmless n~ad Latin ~ t sight (third sight ).
A very windy day. Crawford's' mustache blown off.
Craw ford unable t o drill without his mustache. Colonel John
put vinegar in the Junior's milk .
To hn Chinaman had (a) rat for dinner.
Plunket lost five collars playing poker.
Lieutenant Christer, Company B, took charge of th e battalion
and commanded: ''Battalion, Amen!"
Dr. African us took th e bath prepared for Skelly.
Some one answered "Absent" to the Church Roll.
Pokey didn't try to crack a jok e.
Students began to arrange their gouges.
Our "Reign of Ten·or" began.
Mandolin Club began to think of encores.
Long faces. Many flunks. Few happy.
Lawson went to Baltimore to see his Crisfield girl.
Freddie at the risk of his life dove into the snow bank and rescued
the "Wash Lady."
The Collegian came out on time!!!
Aftung departed this (college) life.
C. C. Herman traded hats with his coloJ.;ed barber.
Dr. Soho explained his system of marking.
Prof. Briggs took us to an Egyptian banquet.
Ma rch
2.
3·
6.
8.
Io.
I r.
I3.
I5.
April
I 6.
18 .
25 .
26.
29.
r.
2.
I
•
8.
13·
14.
I7.
!76
The soldiers came home . We tramped through the mud.
We cleaned our shoes.
Prof. ''Skelly'' upset a bucket of 1\'ater over his head.
Poopli-ki called on his wltile girl.
·
H ad roast ox for dinner.
The club's butter lifted the tables .
Fairbank forgot to tie his socks and they walked off during the
night.
Dr. Soho gave Purvis a "zip" for not skipping with the rest of
the Class.
Senator Baer returned from his mysterious trip .
Christer received a case of hair oil.
The Hot Cat Club held its monthly meeting.
Bromo seltzer to burn.
''S kelly '' left us.
Collison's misfits were fooled.
Brady and Mullan d ecided to go to Cuba and organize a baseball
team .
Paymaster Du stin played tennis.
The war began . The battle of" Buzzards' Roost."
Battle of the ' 'Short Line Bridge." Briscoe killed 500 men, more
or less.
Church Club h eld its weekly meeting. Pop e Tull ey presided.
177
I
'
I ,
�Information Wanted.
Why has Captain Straho rn so many ch ildren (in his compan y ) ?
Why does Skelly like the Class of rgoo so \Nell ?
What shall we name the new bui lding?
Is Humphreys Hall lighted by electricity or by Israelites?
Why does Mackall make a certain young lady wea ry ?
Did B ill cut Paul out , or was it sim ply a succession?
Why did Tubby ge t back so quickly from his mid-winter vacati on ?
Are large n oses the prevailing features in Crisfield ?
Is J ohn Christer as fond of little children as he pretends to be, or does he
prefer his aunt ?
Where did Skelly get the idea of handicaps?
Why did Dr. Soho flunk all but four Juni ors, in F rench ?
Why didn't Beard join the College G lee Club?
How many of the students took a bath whil e the pipes were frozen ?
Why did Hopkins get a zero in Logic exam.?
W ho g ave W iley the name of Angel?
Why does A lm ony get angry when he is called Poopli-ki ?
In what respect does Fontaine resemble a monkey ?
_
Is it true that Hutchins is so soft that a finger can be stuck in him ?
Why does Pokey persist in cracking jokes?
Why did Conrad m ake an hundred and one mistakes in hi s French exam .?
Is Polecat Cob lentz an orator?
\ i\T ill Jackass ever stop singin g?
In what class is Hayden ?
Does Pearre know how to swear ?
Does Jimmy know how to manage a baseball team ?
Why d id the lig hts go out at the hop, February ro?
How many oranges did Millikin bring away in hi s pockets from the Soldiers'
banquet?
Why d id soda water intoxicate Bohanan ?
How many revolutions per minute will it take t o make Rullman "buzz?"
What will a lump of sodium do to a water pitcher?
Will Pete actually be an alumnus next yea r ?
As We Know Them.
" H armless" Bohanan.
"Pete" Brady.
''Chauncey'' Collison.
"Kid" Douglas.
" ] ohn Christer" Evans.
''Buggy Doug' ' Lyons.
"Gassy" Mayo.
"Puddin" Melvin.
'' Gene ' ' Mullan.
''Picks' ' Nichols.
" ] oe" Sinclair.
"] ohn Chinama n'' Strahorn.
' 'Yaller'' or ' 'Zan thus' ' And erson.
"Sen ator" Baer.
"Pat Booth" Cassidy.
"La Vache" (Cow) Conrad .
"Slim'' Fairbank.
' 'M idge'' Girau lt.
"Pauline " H erm a n.
' 'Sis'' Herman.
"Congressman" Hill.
"Cherub" Hopkins.
"Scabby"
}
''Plunk et ''
L awson.
''Villain'' etc.
"Liz" Mackall.
"Dumpy" Penington.
'' Hors er' ' Phelps.
"Fli p" Purvis.
''Dutchman'' Sha rtzer.
0. K . Tolley, "B. A."
Henry Turner, "N. A .''
''] ackass'' Willia ms.
''Peggy ' ' Wyatt.
"Poopli-ki" Almony.
"Monkey'' Fontaine.
"Catfish" Kearney .
''Andrew'' Krug.
" Frenchy ' ' Retz .
"Buzz" Rullm an.
"Bu ck" or "Angel " Wiley.
''Parson'' Wisner.
''Polecat'' Coblentz.
''Daffy'' Roberts.
" ] ohnni e" Briscoe .
"Stump" Worthington.
" Tubby" Aftun g.
''Whiskers'' Beard.
' 'Mole'' Burroughs.
"Colonel' ' D espard .
"Little" Bishop.
"Willie'' Fait.
''Docus" Eichman.
"Sweety" Kelly .
'' Cousin George' ' Morgans.
' 'Big F oo t " Keyes .
"Hippity-Hop" Baker.
''Yankee'' Pearre.
''Cappie" H ay den.
"Froggie" T arbutton.
"Big Mouth" Millikin .
''Skeete r" Schoolfi eld .
''Sam'' Townshend .
" Tripe " R asin .
'' Baby '' Hutchins.
''Mike'' Girault.
"Spa-tes" Spates.
179
�WANTED-Funds.
THE SENIOR CLASS.
WANTED-An interest in mathem atics.
Advertisements.
THE J UNIOR CLASS.
THE SoPHOMORE CLASS.
WANTED-Most any old thing.
WANTED-To learn how to talk to the girls.
SIN CLAIR.
WANTED-A littl e haz ing.
LOST -A "Bond.''
TH E FRESHMAN CLASS.
Finder please return to
WANTED-A new bedspring eve ry clay, and some one to believe all I say .
WoRTHINGTON.
LOST-Pres idency of'gg .
WANTED
LOST -A thoroughbred calf.
J os. SINCLAIR.
Some jokes for the Collegian.
T. A. COLLISON.
WANTED -A few more positions and a cure for "Love Sickness. "
J. S. STRAHORN.
WANTED-Some good actors for a play, entitled "A Farce in Mathematics."
J. B. CASSIDY.
WANTED-Some one to answer all my q uestions.
c.
H. HOD GES .
c.
WANTED-Some elephant's milk to make me grow.
E.
WANTED-To find a g irl who ca n enjoy my company.
E. H. HuT CHINs.
WANTED-A good cure for the big h ead .
0. B. CoBLENTZ.
WANTED-To be a soldier boy.
FONTAI NE.
B. F . CONRAD.
WANTED-To know how to win back what I have lost in poker, and a free
tick et to Baltimore while my girl from Crisfield is th ere .
CHARLIE, THE CRISFIELD GAMBLER.
WANTED- To know how to gouge und er Professor Briggs, and something to
make me grow fat.
AFTUNG .
J. S. STRAHORN.
Finder will pease return to
Miss M-
-
LOST, STRAYED OR STOLEN-A gam e chicken. Finder will recog nize by
size of foot. Ample rew;..rcl will be given if left at Crisfield before
June 3 r.
LOST-Befo re th e Chri stmas holidays, a class pin on Prince George Street. Find er
G. F . W1s 'ER .
pl ease return to
LOST-A spotless reputation.
Pleas e return to
ANGEL WILEY.
LOST-On Sunday last, six Y.M .C.A . m embers. Iffound please return them to
F . W. EVANS, 6 Pinkney Hall.
LOST-A tw enty-five cent nig ht-sh irt. Finder wil l be liberall y rewa rded upon
returnin g th e same to
MR. HuTCHINS, Offi ce, 4th fl oor Pinkney .
LOST -Sh ort ly before Christmas , one mark belonging to Company B. R eturn
to
CoLONEL JoHNS. STRAHORN, Commanding.
LOST-Somewh ere on Prince George Street, a W as hington County Cow , regisH. C. HILL.
tered. Return to
WANTED--Some anti-lean.
FAIRBANK.
LOST-A gold medal received for good conduct and excell e ncy in studies.
Please return to
MR. T. D uMPY P EN INGTON.
WANTED-To know the age, pedigree and use of Toby.
STUDENTS.
LOST-One of our Poets.
W"ANTED-Something to eat.
WANTED-To find some one
Y .M.C.A.
BOARDING CLUB .
111
RAT-TAT.
ESCAPED-From captivity, a " Cran e. "
the Class of rgoo fit to be President of the
WANTED-A stand-in with Bacchus.
P. D. LYONS.
WANTED-Material for a mustache.
J. W. CRAWFORD.
w.
WANTED- A nose to fit my face.
STOLEN-From the Maryland Hotel, a Pucldin.
be given for its return.
FOUND--A bracelet, ma rk ed H. R. to E. F.
H. WYATT.
WA NTED-To know the difference between a zero in Class, and a zero among
the girls .
J . P. BRISCOE.
A liberal , if small, rewa rd will
Owner please apply to
"BuzZARDs' RousT."
FOUND-An India n Chief, says h is name is Poopli-ki.
WANTED-A way to keep the Juniors from guying me in the dining-room .
F . W . EvANS.
r8o
If found olease return to
.
J
F. J. BOHANAN .
r8r
Apply to
CHAUN CEY CoLLISON.
�"The Uses of a B.A . ; or, The Advantages of a College Graduate." 0. K.
Tolley.
" Baseball from a Scientific Standpoint; How to Bat, Steal Bases, etc.
Useful Information and Personal Experiences of the Author." E. H. Mullan.
Publications.
"Foolish Frank; or, Love at First Sight."
Walk and Other Tales." G. F. Wisner.
By the Author of "My Daily
"A n Oakland Heart Breaker; or, Beauty Personified."
W. J. Shartzer.
"Cast Adrift; or, Learning English with Difficulty." By the Author of
"The Hazing of a Plebe at ·west Point." Jack S. \iVilliams.
"The Magic Power of the Blarney Stone; or, My Sins Forgiven." F. Johns
Bohanan.
"An Active Member of the Zoo; or, My Tale of Woe." Polecat Coblentz.
"How I R eceived Twenty Demerits."
Hearted Guy." J. 0. Purvis.
"Uncle Tom in the City."
T. Dumpy Penington.
By the Autho r of "A B ro ken
"The Gentleman of St. Mary's." By the Author of "I Love My Little
Pipe Next to My Littl e Girl ;" " How I L earn ed to Tell 'Em ," and others.
I. M. Harm less .
"The Cork of the Whiskey Bottle." By th e Author of "Card Sharping
R educed to a Science;" "Scabby, the Wizard;" "Cards and Magic;" Why I
Failed to Break the Bank," and "Fiuter th e Poker P layer." The Rt. Rev. Dr.
Plunket Lawson.
"A Sugared Oyster ; o r, The Cow's R evenge."
"Twenty of My Selected Orations. "
Benjamin Franklin C.
W . H. Wyatt.
"The Captain of Company C; or, Lieutenant Mayo's Disappointment."
By the Author of "Tall Hopes and Hard Lucie " W. L. Mayo.
"The Disadvantages of Living in Pinkney; or, The Girls of Annapolis ."
S. T. Mackall.
"The Adventures of a Fool; or, My Trip to Baltimore." William Fait, Jr.
" Three N ights in a Glee Club," and " How I Sang the Star Spangled
Banner." Howard Beard.
"F!uter, the Tal e of a V illain."
" A Treatise on :ty[oss Roses ."
Ambition." H . C. Hill.
"Zanthus , the Sheep."
B- - Anderson.
By Creeper.
By the Author of " How I Lost My
By the Author of "Me and My Sword."
Yall er
"Six \iVeeks on the Money Question; or, The Value of an American Si lver
Dollar in China." Monsieur La Vache.
r82
By the Author of "How I Got Burned."
��Dr. Solto-" Mr. Girault translate, 'There was a wooden table in the room . ' "
Grinds
Midge-'' What's wooden, Professor?' '
Dr. So !to (Patting him on the head)-'' That's wooden.''
Lyons-Among ladies are most dangerous things .
Prof. Cain (In Political Economy ) - '' Is there anyone here who can enlighten
us on this matter of farming? Mr. Conrad, you look as if you might be able
Melvin-So wis e, so young; they say do ne'er live long.
to tell us something about it.' '
liliillia>nj·-Whistl e d as h e went for want of thought.
From Anderson' s composition-'' We awoke after having dressed and eaten
Evans-His pathway lies among the stars.
our breakfast.''
Dr. Solw (The morning after the "Soldiers' Ball," pointing to Mr. Lyons,
who has fallen asleep during the recitation)-"Love's dream after the Ball. "
Fait- The man that blushes is not quite a brute.
Prof. Cissel-'' What is specific gravity?''
Pat Cassidy-" Why, Professor you
.
drop a stone down and th
.
fi ' go to a well, a nd take the cover off and
'
e t1me rom the
· 1
· '
strikes the water is the s
'fi
.
moment It eaves your hand until it
peCI c grav1ty.''
Dr. Solto (To Oscar, who has been disturbing the recitation) - " Mr. Tolley,
what are you going to do with your funny ways when you graduate?''
Oscar (Taken by surprise)- ' ' Um-er-er g-g-go on the stage, I guess.' '
Dr. Solw-" Don't-don' t do it; cabbages will be s0 high that Mr. Shartzer
Prof. C.-"Mr . T o ll ey, gJve the law of parallel currents "
·
·
·
0 scar- '' T wo currents running parallel to each other meet at an apex."
and I can't eat sauerkraut."
Pro'_,, How h as e I ectnClty 1m proved?''
. . .
. 'J •
Gzrault- ' ' With time.''
me 4.8o.''
Puddin-" He gave me s.so, perhaps part of it belongs to y ou. "
railer-'' Professor Briggs didn't treat me right in English, he only gave
Prof. Q. (Speaking of Bohanan) -" There seems to be little doubt that
Darwin's theory holds good in some particular instances. But what a joke on the
Prof.- "No w, M r .. A nderson, where shall I draw that line?"
Yall. (Afi
.
l!r
ter thmkmg a moment)-"Oh ' anyw h ere m particular."
.
:
monkey.' '
Sergeant Conrad (To Major Cissel) - " I don't hesitate to say that I ' m the
----------------Prof.-'' Mr . Fairbank ' h ow wou ld you prepare hydrogen?''
Slim ''J
-
ust the way you are doing it.''
best drilled man in the battalion .' '
Cassidy (Introducin g himself to. a " Bay Ridge Lady." )- " My name's Pat
Sinclair (in Calculus) - " p ro f<essor, IS that dx a constant variable?"
•
Cassidy, and this is my friend, Bum Jones .' '
Hodges (Seated in front of a gas furnace)-'' Bu t • p ro,essor, I don't see the
c
urnace."
fi
1ave b een in a bad way last night. "
Prof. C. - "Yo u must 1
Burrouglts-'' What did your mandolin cost, Fait?''
Fait-•·Oh, I don't know, about eighteen dollars I guess."
Burrouglts-"They cheated you then ; you c.an get them down town for two
Rullman-" I d on 't k now my French to-day Professor "
c·
D r . voho- ' ' 0 h ' t h at ' s all right, you'll have 'all next year to learn it."
and a half.' ' ·
Ireland-" Say, Poopli-ki, where did you get that pretty green necktie I've
seen you wearing around here for the last two or three days?"
Jim-' 'Oh, I got that from pa. He wore it when he was here.''
Prof. (In Chemistry)-If that had been a test tube
Herman (In the front row)- " And so would 1." ' it would have gone."
186
12
)
�Tolley--"Don' t y ou think I ' m ra ther good lookin g?"
H is L ady Friend- " In a way."
Tolley- " Wh at kim! of a way?"
H is L ady Friend- " A way off."
Oscar- " S ay, Buck, Wisner is a s maller fi:sh than I thoug ht he was."
Buck-' 'Wh y ?"
Oscar-"He was caug ht by a net ."
Monk-" I' m go ing to be a n actor. "
Hyatt- " Wh at cast are y ou g oing to tak e?"
Monk- ' 'A cast out. "
Ireland- " ! have a cold or something in my h ead ."
Cltorus - " lt mu st be a cold."
H odges-( In H erm a n's room) - " S ay, S is, what a re th ese things? "
H erman-" Th ey' re milita ry brush es."
H odges- " Wh at a re th ey for, to brush y our un ifo rm with ?"
H opkins-" H ey, Baer, can a ma n ma rry his widow's sister ?"
Baer ( Dubiously)- "! d on' t know a bout t ha t ; you ' ll have to ask w me
lawyer. ' '
Brady ( Ma king out th e positiOns of th e p layers on t he Baseba ll T ea m.)" Wh ere d id you p lay last year, La Mott e?' '
La MoLLe-"U p home .''
---------------------
H erman- ' ' W ell , W yatt , where did you say Mik e came from ?"
T;fjlaLL-" Th e people dow n in Crisfield say th at he ca me from Irela nd 1n a
bark ca noe. ' '
H erman- "Wo ul dn' t t hat be ra th e r da ngerous?"
lili)tatt-"No , I g uess not. I suppose h e kep t along th e sh ore all th e way
over. ''
Harmless- '' Th ere a re very fe w men wh o ca n do two thin gs a t th e same t im e.''
An d so ~ay in g h e proceeded to spit in his burea u drawer a nd drop hi s colla r in
t he buck et.
Jl!fr. Coblentz on H igher Englislt-'' Thi s here course in En g lish ain ' t no good
at all , t hey oug ht to ra ise it so as t he fe llows would stu dy so me. W hy wh ere I
co me from th ey never had no sich nonse nse li ke t his. Gosh ! Th ose poems do n't
do a nyo ne no good nohow. T hey oug ht to learn th e fe llers to talk good E ng lish.
I neve r hea rd su : h la ng uage before in all my life.' '
188
,'
�Index.
Alumni
Alumni Addresses .
Athletic Association
Baltimore Alumni of St. John ' s College .
Baseball . . .
. . . .. .. .
Board ofVisitors and Governors
Chess Club.
Class of '99 . .
Class of I goo .
Class of Igor .
Class of I9o2 .
Cotillion Club
Dedication . .
Dramatic Association .
Editorial Board .
Football . . .
Glee Club . . .
History of '99 , .
History of Igoo .
History of rgoi .
History of rg:>2 .
In. Memoriam-Charles H. Denison ~
Introduction . . . . · .
Leag ue Games . . . . . . . . . . .
Lieut.-Col. Ellwood W. Evans, U.S. V ..
Ma ndolin Club . . .
Military Department .
Philokalian Society . .
Philomathean Society .
Rel aying at St. John's
Relay Teams . . . . .
Society of the New York Alumni of St. John's College .
Songs Heard at the Hopkins Game .
St. John 's College History
The Faculty . . . . . . . . . . . .
Y. M. C. A . . . . . . . . . . .
Yells H ea rd at the Hopkins Game .
191
. 27
.
4I
. 108
. 33
. 126
.
12
. IOI
53
61
73
81
99
5
• 100
.
II
. 110
97
54
64
74
82
78
9
II6
7
. 95
. 105
. 8g
. 93
. 1 33
. •31
. 30
. I21
. 17
. IS
. I02
• 120
�MISCELL ANEOUS-
A Common Question
Ad ve ntures of a Cow .
"Adve rtisements"
Anderson 's Soliloquy .
As W e Know Th em
A Visit of the G. 0. II.
Barry Sidney . . . . .
Commencement Day .
Dont's for th e Students .
Facts
First Annual Masquerade .
Grinds . . . . . . . . . .
Heard on the Parade Ground .
How Tommy Draws Them In .
Inform ation Wanted
I. 0. J.. . .. .
Leade r of Compa ny B
"Motus Temporus " .
Often Heard . . . . .
Our Bel Air Hero . .
Philo kali an anti Philomathean Societi es .
Pinkney Gl ee Club
Poem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publica tions . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Questions from Our Semi-Annual Exams.
Ring, Bells of the Century, Rin g .
St. John's . . . . . . . .
St. John's Establish ed Church . . .
St. John 's Publications . . . . . .
St. John's. Regime nt of Vo luntee r Pre varic:ators
"Stump's Inquiry" . . . . .
The Cows ann th e Campus .
The G. 0 . H.
The Poplar . .
The Shirt Tail Parade
The White Ribbon Society
Time-Tabl e of Important Events
'98 Class Day Exercises . . . .
Advertis ements . . . . . . . . .
I 92
. J61
. 170
. I SO
·. 164
. 179
. 16!
. 144
. 155
. 174
. 173
. 163
186
. ! 68
153
. 178
. ! 66
. 152
. 142
. 172
. ISO
. , 5s
. ISO
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
149
182
J6g
141
136
! 64
159
165
154
I38
!62
143
16o
167
175
157
. . . . . . . ito vi
Illustrations.
Alumni Group
Athletics . . .
Baseball . . .
Base ball Team
Chess Club . .
Class Pin, '99 .
Class Pin, 1900
Class Pin , 1901
Cotillion . . .
Dedic-ation to Alumni a nd Students .
Editorial Board .
End . . . . .
Football . . . .
Football T eam .
Freshman Class
Frontispiece
G lee Club
Grinds . . .
Initial . . .
In Memoriam-R-i!v. Vv . T. S. Deavor .
Interior of Chapel .
I. 0. J... .. .. .
Junior Class . . .
Leader of Company B.
Lieut.-Col. Ellwood W. Evans, U.S. V.
Mandolin Cluh .
Me Dowell Hall .
Military . . . .
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Yearbooks
Description
An account of the resource
This collection contains yearbooks from St. John's College in Annapolis, MD. Yearbooks are sometimes referred to as the "Rat Tat", "Cicerone", or "Canvas". This collection includes all published yearbooks since 1896. Please note that yearbooks were not published every year.<br /><br />Holdings: <br />1896 v. 1<br />1898 v. 2 - 1899 v. 3<br />1901 v. 4 – 1912 v. 15<br />1914 v. 17 – 1918 v. 21<br />1920 v. 22 – 1945/1946<br />1947 – 1951/1953<br />1957<br />1982<br />1986 – 1990/1991<br />1992 – 2001/2002<br />2015/2016 – 2017/2018<br />2021/2022 - 2022/2023<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Yearbooks" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=21">Items in the Yearbooks Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.
Coverage
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Annapolis, MD
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St. John's College Greenfield Library
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yearbooks
Text
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paper (bound book)
Page numeration
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194, vi pages
Dublin Core
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Title
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'99 Rat Tat
Description
An account of the resource
College yearbook for the years 1899-1900. Rat = Tat of St. John's College, Volume III, Class of 1900. Published annually by the Junior Class.
Creator
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Phelps, J. R. (editor)
Herman, C. C. (associate)
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Williams & Wilkins Company Press, Baltimore
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Annapolis, MD
Date
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1899-05
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St. John's College owns the rights to this publication.
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text
Format
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pdf
Language
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English
Identifier
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1899
-
https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/b73486d8de9b559ae1c167b11ee6645f.mp3
db5b6be1f4d911b43ecc95c90ba72562
Dublin Core
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St. John's College Lecture Recordings—Santa Fe
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St. John's College Meem Library
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Santa Fe, NM
Sound
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Original Format
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m4a
Duration
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01:09:28
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'Secret Science' and Piano Experiments: The Discovery of Harmonics
Description
An account of the resource
Audio recording of a lecture given by tutor Peter Pesic, (with performances by Consuelo Sanudo and David Forrest) on March 29, 2023 as part of the Dean's Lecture & Concert Series. The Dean's Office has provided this description of the event: "Harmonics are “little sounds” made by lightly touching a vibrating string at special points. Long used by string players, harmonics had a bad reputation until scientists discussed and named them. This lecture considers this story of science interacting with music as composers began using piano harmonics in the wake of experiments by Hermann Helmholtz. Arnold Schoenberg thought about these experiments in the midst of a profound personal crisis, then used harmonics in pioneering compositions as part of what he called a “secret science” within music. To illustrate this lecture, Consuelo Sanudo (SF92, GILA00) will perform Schoenberg’s song “Am Strande” and David Forrest will join in a performance of a rarely heard piano work by Jules Burgmein (Giulio Ricordi)."
Creator
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Pesic, Peter
Sanudo, Consuelo
Forrest, David
Publisher
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St. John's College
Coverage
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Santa Fe, NM
Date
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2023-03-29
Rights
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Meem Library has been given permission to make this item available online.
Type
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sound
Format
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mp3
Subject
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Harmonics
Arnold Schoenberg
Jules Burgmein (Giulio Ricordi)
Language
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English
Identifier
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SF_PesicP_Secret_Science_And_Piano_Experiments_2023-03-29
-
https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/b7e04bd419d83ac6518790016c792369.pdf
f427e7f792841043bfc56865460d933f
PDF Text
Text
ihno(^
David Lawrence Le\ ine
**/!/ the Very Center ofthe Plenitude"
Frida\ Niaht Dean's Lecture, Ausust 29. 2003
Page 1
14.\
*'At the Very Center of the Plenitude^
Goethe^s GrandAttempt to Overcome the 18'^ Century'
Or
How Freshman Laboratory Saved Goethe
From the General Sickness ofhis Age
""Nature has become the fundamental word
that designates essential relations...to beings."
Heidegger^
"We have failed to restore to the human spirit
its ancient right to comeface toface with nature."
Goethe"*
"Goethe teaches coin-age...ihzi the disadvantages
of an\' epoch exist only to the fainthearted."
Emerson^
1. Incidental Thoughts, Fniitfiil Life:
To everyone: Welcome! To our freshman in particular a special Welcome!
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, we know him first as a poet and playwright—seniors will
read his Faust ne.xt week. Yet there is another Goethe that is less well loiown but who, from his
own point ofview, isofequal, if not greater consequence,^ the Goethe who spent his life studying
nature—botan\'. zoolog}', geologv', meteorolog>', theory of color—^and is known, in this regard,
for his work in morpholog\'. I would like to speak about this lesser known Goethe tonight.
There are two subtitles to this evening*s lecture "At the Very Center of the Plenitude."
The first is given to it by Friedrich Nietzsche, the second. m\- own curious invention. The first is
"Goethe's Grand Attempt to Overcome the 18"' Centur}-." As we will see. from Nietzsche's
perspective Goethe was a philosophical thinker of the highest order who inherited, as we all do,
ideas from previous generations and thinkers, ideas that he thought were ill conceived and needed
to be rethought. Thanks to these ideas, we had become, according to Goethe, "blind with seeing
eyes."
Similarly the second subtitle. "How Freshman Laboratory Saved Goethe from the
General Sickness ofhis Age." This clearly reflects our unique studies here at St. John's. Here too
we see something of greater moment than we might first have seen. Here we wall have a chance
to see that his life work studying nature—^as seen in the paper that we read in freshman
laboratory—has a far greater significance than just'science.' great though this is in its own right.^
For Goethe the smdy of namre was the necessary antidote to a growing tendency—"sickness'" he
called it—^that needed to be countered for the sake of our lives and health.
n
U
We have our work cut out for us this evening.
"
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St. John's Colfe^"^ - Meem Library
�Da^ id Lawrence Levine
"At the Very Center of the Plenitude^"
Friday Night Dean's Lecture. August 29. 2003
Page 2
14x
Goethe's thinking, though philosophical, is not s\"stematic. and that means there's no one
place where his deepest thinking is to be found. Just the opposite, his profoundest thought is to be
disco\ ered throughout his works, and not just in his major works, but minor ones too, often just
jottings here and there, on slips of paper, in the margins of books, the comers of newspapers, in
brief letters, in short wherever occasion found a suitable surface for pen and ink to secure for a
time his emergent thoughts. These were often then collected into "maxims and reflections."
sometimes inserted as the thinking of one of the characters of his novels, sometimes collected
under his own name.
These occasional thoughts will provide much of the material for tonight's talk. But
incidental thoughts are not necessariK" insignificant thoughts.' Not unlike flotsam and jetsam,
thoughts appear throughout our da\". Are these daih' musings 'distractions of the moment' or
'disclosures of moment'? Such irrepressible thoughtftilness and imagination gives added
dimension to the thin linearity of time. A da\' punctuated b>' the wondrous, sparked by light, is not
just another day. DaiK^ discoveiy* is meat not spice. nourishmenL not just flavoring. And its joy is
invigorating. The mundane is thereb>" transformed. Thinking happens.
One such collection of thoughts is a book of selected conversations by his secretary
Johann Peter Eckermann, a man of no small talent, who took it upon himself to record for
posterit} personal con\ersations he had \%ith his world famous employer during the last nine
>ears of his life. These are intermittenth* and imperfecth' recorded, often self-conscious,
sometimes seem contrived, and are frequenth' without a definite outcome. There we find
observations about passing acquaintances, deliberations about the wine list for the evening dinner,
plans for journeys to be taken, personal estimates about famous and not so famous authors and
statesmen. latter->'ear reflections and regrets about his youthful writings, plans for the
reconstruction of the local theater that had burned down, conversation with his patron the Grand
Duke of Weimar, observations about his wife and children, expressions of hope and
disappointment about friends, frustrations about works of his that had been overlooked or were
under appreciated. But throughout the rich array, there emerge as well recurrent themes and
persistent questions of consequence.
The same author mentioned above. Nietzsche, sa\s the following: "Apart from Goethe's
[own] writings, and in particular Goethe's conversations M'ith Eckermann, the best German
book there is. what is there realK" of German prose literature that it would be worthwhile to read
o\'er and o\er again?'"'^' 'The best German book there is." worth "reading over and over again"?
Hardly on the face of it.
Though perhaps prone to hyperbole and "philosophizing with a hammer,'* Nietzsche was
not prone to misrepresentation. What could he mean b\ such e.xaggerated praise? Perhaps what is
remarkable is not the book per se. but what is portrayed therein? Perhaps what is notable is not its
ultimate literaiy value—^the book is not on our program—^but the attempt to record a life that is in
no wa>' ordinaiy? Indeed, even through Eckermann's eyes we glimpse new possibilities for a
human life that aspires to what is extraordinary, a fullness of possibilit\" rarely seen. We glimpse a
paradigm of a full\- engaged, e\ er creati\e. wholesome fecundit>. In shorL we see philosophy as a
way of being in the world. not as a book bound between leather covers.
2. '•^Everything Nowadays is Ultrai
In 1825. late in life. Goethe wrote a letter to his friend, the composer Zelter in which he
reflected on the character of life as it had come to be lived in their lifetime:
�Da\ id Lawrence Levine
*'At the Very Center ofthe Plenitude'"
Friday Night Dean's Lecture. August 29. 2003
Page 3
14x
Everything nowadays is ultra, [he \\rites] eren thing is being transcended
continually in thought as well as in action. .Vo one hw^vs himselfany longer, no
one can grasp the element in which he Ih es and works or the materials that he
handles. Pure simplicity is out of the question; of simplifiers we have enough.
Young people are stirred up much too early in life and then carried away in the
whirl of the times. Wealth and rapidit>" are what the world admires.... Railways,
quick mails, steamships, and every possible kind of rapid communication are
what the educated world seeks but it only oxer-educates itself and thereby
persists in its mediocrity. It is. moreover, the result of universalization that a
mediocre culture [then] becomes [the] common [culture]....
He then adds ruefully: "We and perhaps a few others \\ ill be the last of an epoch that will not
soon return.""
According to Goethe, a radical transformation of our wa\' of being has taken place: 1) a
change in the character of human thought and action. 2) a change in our knowledge of ourselves,
3) a change in our sense of place, and finally, 4) a change in the character and efficacy of
education.
"Exeiything noM cidays is ultra " As earh' as the beginning of the nineteenth century,
what was coming to characterize human life—^and thereb\" change the face and depth of human
experience—^Nvas the speed [die Voloziferishe] at which life was lived, a hitherto unheard of,
dizzying and disorienting pace suchthat \oung people—^but not only—could only be caught up in
"the whir! of the times." "Being caught up" means living some other life than one's own, being
inauthentic.
"Railways, quick mails, steamships:" Ever faster communication changes the lived
dimensions of life: time quickens, distance collapses. There is no delaj- between an event and its
hearing. "It's as if we were right there.'* A leisureK^ walk is replaced by a carriage ride, thereafter
b> a train ride, then a jet plane, and now b\"... a transporter (or at least in our imaginations). The
\\ ait for "news" from the pon}' e.xpress. a telegram, a phone call, a pager continues to shrink. Our
e-mail pings or our blackberry vibrates: we hear about an event "as it happens" no matter the
distance. Life, in short, is lived in fast forward. Goethe asks "Who can possibly keep up with the
demands of an exorbitant presentand that at ma.\imum speed?"'"
This matter of life's ever accelerating pace in not a philosophically indifferent one for
Goethe. "The greatest misfortune [L'nheil] of our time.'* he says elsewhere, "which let's no thing
come to fruition, is that one moment consumes the next,"^'" While the speeding up of things may
assist us in "keeping informed" and "staying in touch," it also subtracts from other essential
dimensions once thought definitive of human life. It makes certain things more difficult, if not
impossible, specificalh" those things that take time, for e.\ample, those that require slow
assimilation and acclimation. abo\e all human learning and experience. It takes time cnxay from
thoughtful reflection and other possibilities of human carefulness. For time and leisure (skole) are
tlie proper gestational home of reflection, philosophy and human care.
We hear too that our thought processes are affected: "e\'eiything is transcended in
thought [as well as in action]." We have somehow been made to think different!)'. We live at a
new level of abstraction, beyond the immediate, simple. ob\ ious. primary world, such that w-e no
longer e\ en understand "the element in which we live." What could this mean?
�Da\ id Lawrence Levine
Page 4
'^'At the Very Center ofthe Plenitude^''
Friday Night Dean's Lecture. August 29. 2003
14.\
And most curious of all. Goethe sa\s ""No one knows himself an}- longer.** How is this
even possible? Elsewhere he says: "Learning fails to bring advancement now that the world is
caught up in such a rapid turnover: by the time }ou ha\e managed to take due note of eveiything.
vou have lost your
Are we not alwa\ s the same no matter our circumstances?
Education too is thereb}- affected. It is suggested that we might even become "overeducated,"' mis-educated, that education itself has become, somehow, distorted. He reflects: "For
almost a centuiy now the humanities have no longer influenced the minds of men engaged in
them."'" Rather than distinction, we ha\e mediocrity: rather than a high culture, we have an
ordinary one. What then of the rewards of "perspective." "balance" and "e.\cellence" once
thought the outcome of an ennoblingeducation?
The "whirl of the times" has only accelerated many, many fold since 1825. The author
could not possibl}- have en\ isioned the pace at which we live our lives today. To be sure, on first
hearing, one might be inclined to take the above obsenations as the grumbling of a man seeing
the world pass him by (empt}- biographism). We might however, also take this as notice to think
better about the character our li\ es in our ultra-ultra world.
3. "The General Sickness of the Agef
"Life is our lot rather than reflection."'^
Goethe's exclamation that "nowadays... no one knows himself any longer" clearly needs
further consideration. How could this be? Don't we kno\^• ourseh es?
Throughout the modem disciplines—the ph}sical sciences, histon', even poetn- and
literature—^was a growing trend, evident to Goethe, to what he called "subjecti>ity." Juniors and
'
seniors will remember, in the Discourse on Method^ Descartes' identification of the "ego" as the
primordial truth about which we alone can be immediatel}' "certain." The immediate evidence of
this self-intuition then pro\ides the standard of truth for all else, now thought true only if "clearh
and distincth" concei\ able to us. Odd though this ma}- sound, this new self-certaint}- leads to our
world being reconceived as "the external world.'* about which we can now have only a small
measure of certainly- and that of its radically stripped dow n mathematical qualities. To be sure,
this made a "modem science" of such a world possible, yet it gave us a new- definition and sense
of self that was problematic.' This excessivel}- polarized and reduced view- of the ego as
"subject"—understood as standing "o\-er against"'^ some bare objective world—is what Goethe
meant b\" "subjectivit}:'* polarized, withdrawn, exiled to its own interior world, and thereby
alienated from an}- sense ofworld in which it could feel itself integrated or at home.'^
For Goethe the consequences of this influential (na}-, fateful) redefinition of self are
now here better seen than in his own vocation, poetry-. We have all heard the caricamre of the
modem "romantic" poet: a suffering recluse, retreating to his Paris garret, whose on!}- truth is his
inner pain. But for Goethe there is. unfortunate!}-, an element of truth to be found therein: He
observ es: "All the poets [toda}-] write as if the}- were ill and the whole wwld were a lazaretto
[leper colon}-]. The}- all speak of the woe and misery- of this earth and the joy of a hereafter: all
are discontented.... This." he adds, "is a real abuse of poetiy....""® "I attach no value to [such]
poems ....'*"'
From Goethe* s perspecti\'e, "whoe%-er descends deep down into himself will always
realize he is onK half a being...,"" and being half will discover there limited resources for
creati\-it}-. "...A subjecti\e nature has soon talked out his little internal material and is at last
_
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ruined by mannerism [that is. excessive affectation],"" he notes regretfulh'. ""Such people look at
once within: they are so occupied b>' what is revoi\ ing in themselves, [that] they are like a man in
passion, who passes his dearest friends on the street without seeing them."""* With reduced
openness to the world around them. the\" have become "blind with seeing eyes." This excessive
one-sidedness. and consequent risk of self-absorption. Goethe named "the general sickness of
the present age [heinigen Zeif]f" and led Doctor von Goethe to his famous diagnosis: ""What is
Classical is healthy; what is Romantic is sick.'"^^ Sick? Unhealthy, unproductive,
foundation less, and ultimately untruthful. We lose our fullest selves.
Goethe thus found himself standing at the point of the di^•ide where, for all our efforts to
think about each separateh". subject and object were being ever more pulled apart. This
experiential breach was of fundamental concern because, when either is over-polarized—^when
the soul is diminished as an isolated, worldless ego (psyche), res cogitans or when the Morld is
diminished as external. e\ en foreign, barren res extensa—^both subject and object are diminished
for want of their natural correlate. If I ma\' indulge in a somewhat dramatic image: like a man
standing between two horses pulling him apart, Goethe found that—^for the sake of health"'—^he
had everything he could handle to keep himself and the world whole."^
Goethe himself thus resisted being "caught up in his time:" he was not a "romantic." As
he said. "m>- tendencies were opposed to those of my time, which were wholly subjective: while
in m> objective efforts. I stood alone to m>' disad\ antage.""' His "objective efforts'? How could
he resist the subjective tendencN?
4. "The Element in which we Live:'^
In all natural things there is something wonderfuL...
So we should approach the inquiry...without aversion,
knowing that in all of them there is something
natural and beautiful..
Aristotle'®
Surprising though it ma>' seem to some, the answer is nature. Thus it is apt that the
Goethe we first meet is not the poet but the Goethe who spent his whole life researching 'the
element in which we live." that is researching into nature. It is this "objective" involvement that
saved him from the excesses of his—and our—^time. nor to mention giving him "the most
wonderful moments of his life."*'
So. what is nature?.... OK. a simpler question.... what is a plant? Which grammatical form
best names its being, a noun or a \ erb (or a gerund, a verbal noun)? By plant do we intend a static
state or an acti\ it}' alive with change, something that has grown or some process of growth?"'"
Clearh' we need to name hotb. form that is also in the process ofself-formation. **G^o^^th is the
point of life."'"
For us here in the Southwest, sumac, oak. aspen, pinon. mallow and mullen are different
kinds of plants. The principle at work is the same throughout the stages of the life cycle of a
mallow, for instance, from seedling to flowering. fructil\ ing plant. Hence we name it one thing—
a mallow—despite all these various stages and differing formal manifestations.'"*
But it is not onlv this individual plant that is before us. so is the species "mallow." and
e\ en further so is the kingdom "plant." and these, as Goethe will insist not as abstract concepts
in the mind but somehow in the living instance itself. Thus Goethe sought to account for plant
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life as such, despite the dizz\ ing fact that they take infiniteh man>" and wondroush" different
shapes. Sumac, aspen, mallow are in "inner essence" still "plants.""" What is needed in this view
is to identify- the imify ing principle at work (not "underK ing') in each and every form at whatever
stage of gro\\"th and complexit\- the>' might be. But how to do so? And how to find a language
that captures this universalK" active principle of forms forming themselves?
To do so Goethe had to depart radicalK -ffom his contemporaries and from their analvtical
approach. But in so doing this departure brings him closer to us. We can see this at the outset of
the Metamorphosis of Plants that we read in freshman laboratory, where he appeals, not to
results of the latest scientific journals, but to our own untutored experience. He begins: "Anyone
M-ho has paid a little attention to plant growth..."'^ [2.\]. This means that we. ordinary human
beings, still have access to a realm of primaiy significance, one not to be diminished as "prescientific." if what is meant thereb> is "pre-insightful." Rather we, >ou and me, have deep access
into what is before us."
Indeed he is critical that, with all our education and learning, we ma}* on the contrary be
closing ourselves offfrom this primary le\el of our experience. He often referred to a passage in
one of his earh" plays to illustrate this eclipse ofexperience by theory:
...as it is said in my Goetz von Berlichingen. that the son, from pure learning,
does not know the father, so in science do we find people w-ho can neither see
nor hear, through sheer learning and Inpothesis. Such people look at once
within: the>" are so [pre-] occupied b\' what is revoh ing in themselves, that the%are like a man in passion, who passes his dearest friends in the street without
seeing them. [Rather] the observation of nature requires a certain purity of mind
that cannot be disturbed or preoccupied b> an>thing....It is just because we carry-
about with usa great apparatus of philosophy and hvpothesis, that we spoil all.*®
"Like a man in passion:" Ideas, no less than passions, can take hold of our minds, preventing us
from seeing what might othenvise be evident and therebv" preventing us from attending to our
primary experience.'^ So overwhelming are our present-day theoretical preoccupations that—in
one of his most shocking statements of all—Goethe claims that we no longer even concern
ourselves with nature! "That nature, which is our [modem] concern. isn*t nature any longer....'"
he says."*^ [2x] Extraordinary!
What has been lost, in Goethe's view, is a sense of the wholeness of wholes and the
interrelatedness and integration of all things, in short, Nature (capital N). This loss is the
necessary consequence of an>- approach wherein wholes are but "b>-products"^' of
uncoordinated, underh ing, isolated forces and elements ("mater in the void"). Looking at things
in terms of their parts—elements, simples, particles, atoms—anaKtical ways of thinking stumble
in the face of the Humptv Dumptv- problem: how to put the whole back together again."*" If we
begin with parts, we end up with reconstituted conglomerates, aggregates, bunches, but the
wholeness of things, the integral realitv-. remains a secondary phenomenon, a mystery, if not an
accident."*' Here too we've become "blind with seeing eyes.'*
Juniors are soon to read and seniors will remember Descartes' famous experiment with
the wax at the end of Meditations n. There Descartes places a piece of fresh bees wa.\ near a
burning candle, whereupon it melts and loses its original color and smell, te.xture and shape (i.e.
primary as well as secondary qualities), that is loses all its original properties but res extensa,
mere e.xtension (though this changes too). This experimental method is designed to bring us to see
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what is "elementar* (if not fundamental). Descartes then proceeds to claim that b\- "an act of
intuition of reason" he—and we—^wouid know thistransmogrified, charred lump in front of us to
be the same thing as before his infernal e.xperiment. He asks, yvho M
ould not so conclude thus?
(Aristotle, for one) Well... if that were a plant, and not an amorphous hunk of bees wax. M'ho
M
ould concur M
idiDescartes that what remains is the same as what was putto the flameT*^
The anahtical flame dissociates or separates what originally was together. It "kills." So
this method."*' The disfigured, deracinated, blackened carcass of the plant is anything but. the
li\ ing whole, nowhere to be found. The mass of matter lying before Descartes is '^he same" only
if life and death are not different, and if form is not an acti\e principle but a derivative by
product. With this "lethal generality'"*^ we lose—and lose sight of—^"the spirit ofthe whole." as
Goethe would say. For this reason, he claimed as well that the modem approach—subjecthelv
predisposed to take the objects of our e.\perience in such a reduced way—loses its claim to
"objectivity.""*
The question for Goethe—and for us—is whether and how we can recover the whole. Is
it still possible to begin elsewhere, think differently such that the whole is retained along with its
manifold parts? Can we yet begin where we naturally begin, with what is "first for us" (Aristotle),
with integral wholes?
5. Our Ancient Right:
The spirit of the actual is the true ideal."
""No one who is observant will ever
find nature dead or silent.""*^
Goethe thus sought "another way." in order, as he said, "to restore to the human spirit,
its ancientright to comeface toface with nature." "*' [2x]
He asks: "What does all our communion M-ith nature amount to... if we busy ourselves
with analyzing only single portions, and do not feel the breath of the spirit that dictates the role
of every part and restrains or sanctions all excess through an immanent law ?""® Thus "phenomena
once and for all must be remo\ed from the gloomy empirical-mechanical-dogmatic [torture]
chamber [Materkammer]." he said, "and [be] submitted [rather] to the jury of [common human
understanding]."'^ But how^ are we to do this, to return to "common human understanding"?
Since apparently we can live in more than one world. Goethe makes his bid—^"naively"
yet knowingly"'—^to reclaim nature as our home-world. "If we are to rescue ourselves from the
boundless muhiplicir\\ atomization and complexit}- ofthe modem natural sciences" he says, "and
get back to the realm of simplicity [Einfache]. we must always consider [this] question: how
would Plato [or any non-modern] have reacted to
fundamentally one unity as it still
is, how would he have \ iewed what may now appear to us as its greater complexity?"'* We need
to remove what "now" stands in the way.'"* We need somehow to shuck off our modem
predisposition to see all things as artificially reconstituted'" and see our world, rather, as one
might whose \ ision was not so refracted. But how?
Mindful that "the first stages of a discovery lea\-e their mark on the course of
knowledge.*'"^ Goethe first seeks to reorient us. To begin with, "anyone who has paid a little
attention" has to acknowledge that our primary and original experience of things is otherM ise than
we've been brought to conceive. 'To nature," he said, ""we never see anything isolated:
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everything is in connection with something."* An\- account, then, of our experience must begin
here M'ith the wiiTy and interrelatedness ofall things. Herein lays Goethe's unified field theoiy:
"I abide bv what is simple and comprehensive, he says."^ (This he also calls his "stubborn
realism."*'')
As we heard, a certain kind of undisturbed purity of mind—clarit>-. breadth of sur\ e> .
anention to manifest differences—is the pre-requisite to an>- genuine openness. In the garden,
along a path, in the laboratoiy. we need first to see the things themselves, to recognize the ways
and means that the plant [or whatever our object] uses.'*^ "...to follow it carefully throu^ all its
transitions.'"^' in short. "...xo folloM- as carefully as possible in thefootsteps of nature.' ' "In the
process.'' he sa\s. "we become familiar with certain requisite conditions for what is manifesting
itself. From this point of \ iew everything gradually falls into place under higher principles
and laws revealed not to reason through \%ords and h\potheses. but to our intuitive perception
\Anschauiing^ through phenomena.^" In this way. our relationship to things is not at first
"speculative." but what Goethe calls "practical." that is grounded in the concrete experience of
individuals and the real.^ (Here have we a model of openness and e.xtreme care that will serve us
well, not onl\- in the laboratoiy . but throughout our work at the college.)
Given this, gi^•en observation that is undertaken with a"truly sj*mpathetlc interest."^* a
remarkable transformation can then begin. We can be moved to insight. In an often quoted
passage from the Introduction to his Outline ofa Theory of Color. Goethe addresses this process
of natural ideation. He writes:
An extremely odd demand is often set forth but never met...that [bare] empirical
data should be presented without any theoretical context.... This demand is odd
because it is useless to simpK" look at something. Everyact oflooking [naturally]
turns into obsen-ation. every act of observation into reflection, eveiy act of
reflection into the making of associations: tints it is that we theorize every time
we look carefully at the world. The abilit\ to do this with clarity of mind^ with
self-knowledge, in a free wa>, and (if I may venture to put it so [he adds]) with
irony, is a skill we need in order to avoid the pitfalls of [modem scientific]
abstraction.''^
Nature con\erses with us. Like an\" organic transition, thought is the natural and continuous
outgrowth of its prior condition, the fmit ofconcrete experience. As such we are naturally led to a
higher integration through *\..tbe practical and self-distilling processes of common human
understanding"!'^ [2.\] "We theorize every time we look careful1\- atthe world."
When we are able to sune\' an object in eveiy detail, grasp it carefully and
reproduce it in our mind's e\e [he reflects, then] we can sa>- we have an intuitive
perception [.•inschauimg] of it in the truest and highest sense. We can [rightfully]
sa)' it belongs to us.... And thus the particular leads to the general [as well as] the
general to the particular. The two combine their effect in eveiyobsen'atioD, in
every discourse.^
As much as we take the lead in inquiry, then so too are we led by what we are inquiring
into. Experience is bi-directional. Subject-object: object-subject. Tme sympathetic observation
results in the recapitulation in our summary imagination of the originating principle. The object
becomes for us as it is in itself. In this way the object "belongs" to us as much as we. in
communion, belong with it. Our natural correlation is thereby reestablished, the Cartesian
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subjective reduction of experience is offset, if not re\ ersed. and a kind of renewed originaiin* is
returned to human experience, widening and opening our puniew®'. whereby we might be
thought once again to come "face to face" with nature. Our ancient right is restored.
6. The Original World:
"...the sublime tranquilit\' which surrounds us
when we stand in the solitude and silence of nature.
vast and eloquent."
"A living thing cannot be measured
b>" something external to itself."" ^
This reunion of obser\ er and world—^we should sa\' union—is possible because of a
unique human facult}'—one out-rightK" denied " or at least overlooked by other modem
thinkers—but to which Goethe again and again retums our attention. As we read: "When we are
. able to sur\€y an object in every detail, grasp it carefulh^ and reproduce it in the mind's eye. we
can say we have an intuitive perception of it in the truest and highest sense." This capacit>- for
"concrete imagination" or summary "intuition" (intuitive perception, Anschauung) is our
faculty for e.xperiential wholes wherein the acti\ ely unii} ing principles at work in the world
manifest themselves. (Deny it and we haNe no wholes). They are not deduced, inferred, or
synthesized. We do not ha\ e to go be\ ond or behind *the phenomena to see these at work. These
are made known to us at the level of our primary e.xperience. We "see" them.
There's a famous story: At. a meeting of the Society' for Scientific Research in Jena there
was a 'Tortunate encounter" between Goethe and the poet Friedrich Schiller—^whose poetry at the
time Goethe thought too romantic, too subjective. Goethe sought to explain to him his own
attempt to articulate such a principle whereb\" the natural plenitude of plant life might be
accounted for. His "idea" was. he admits, ''the strangest creature in the world**'^ wherein the
whole range of plant formation might be seen as "stemming" or "derived'* from an aboriginal
form that was in this regard the formal progenitor of the whole kingdom. Goethe named this the
Urpflanze^y the original ororiginary plant. ^
Schiller's first response to this suggestion reflected his philosophical background, in
particular his indebtedness to Kant. "This is not an obser\ ation from experience." he said. "This
is an idea.
"
Schiller could not see what Goethe claimed he scnw He was disinclined—^as we
ma\' be—^to grant that this was an\*thing but a "regulative idea" constructed b\" reason to help it
organize its experience, not a principle at work in the world organizing the phenomenal arra\" of
plant forms. It was mereh* an idea, merely "subjective." For him and for Kant, it couldn't be
anything more, as in their \ iew phenomena are themseh es constituted b>' consciousness and are
thus not things in themselves.
Convinced, rather, that he had identified the objective generative source of all plant
forms. Goethe replied: "Then 1 may rejoice that I ha\ e ideas without knowing iL and can even
see them with my own eyes,"* For Goethe, perception and reason, as moments of a natural
process, are not disparate faculties, but continuous. Thus this, and all other ITr-phenomena.
immanent and at work throughout our experience, are real and hence must be available to us on
the primary level of common human understanding ^. He wonders: "Why should it not also hold
true in the intellectual area that through an intuitive perception of etemalK" creative nature we
may become worthy of participating spiritually in its creative process?" He thus insisted that he
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could see with his eyes something to which others seern to have become blind. ^ (Despite this
ftindamental difference, the two became close friends.)
But more needs to be said about this "strangest" of all creatures that holds, in Goethe's
words, "the secret of the creation and organization of plants" (or any family of phenomena). As
we mentioned earlier. Goethe's interests were vast and not restricted to botany; he also did
research in osteology" or bone formation. Indeed it was Goethe who discovered the role of the
intermaxillaiy- bone, the missing link that alIo\\ed zoologists to connect man and ape
anatomicalK'. In a passage from his work On Morphology, we see most clearly the point of
origination of his thinking concerning £^r-phenomena:
The distinction between man and animal long eluded discovery. Ultimately it was
belie\ ed that the definiti% e difference between ape and man la\' in the placement
of the ape's four incisors in a bone clearly and physically separate from other
bones. [Goethe provides the link.]... Meanwhile I had devoted my fiill energies to
the stud}' of osteolog}'. for in the skeleton the unmistakable character of ever}'
form is preserved conclusively and for all time.
The developmental history of an organism is not past; rather the history of successive
generational transformations is preser\ed and encapsulated in the fullness of any present form.
Just as osteogeny can now be seen to recapitulate ph} logen}'. so more generally can any such
morphological account. This "pregnanc}"^' of the present form allows of a new kind of
thinking to uncover the C/r-principle at work, a re\"erse thinking that ''traces the phenomena
[back] to their [empirical] origins.''®" (This is the first methodological principle of the new
science of morpholog}'").
In another context he reflects on this Ur-principle. now also called an "archetype:" •\..
an anatomical archet}pe will be suggested here, a general picture containing the forms of all
animals as potential [2x], one which will guide us to an orderly description of each animal.'"®^
The £/r-principle is thus a kind of omni-potential in conversation with its environment and out
of which the whole pohmorphic metamorphosis issues. "All is leaf" As such these are not
ideas in the usual sense of Plato or KanL neither separate nor abstract. Rather the}' are like ideas
in enabling us to give an account of the unify ing principles at the origin of the plenitude. They
are like ideas, as well, in that they might ser\'e as a kind of "formula" providing a way to
generate new forms—if only in imagination.®' (The "deri\'ation®^' is not ofhypothetical but real
possibilities.) Though they are more like the eidos in Aristotle, an active principle embodying
the manifold fruitfulness of nature, here ho\N'ever "the secret of the creation and organization"
ofthe family of forms. (He sometimes called itentelechy} )
Thus whatever the family of phenomena—^botany, osteolog'. geology, meteorology,
color—C/r-phenomena emerge. We come to see the unify ing principle, the spirit 'That dictates
the role of e\'er}' part and restrains or sanctions all excess through immanent law." From this
"empirical summit.®®" all things can be seen as unified. Thus we have order out of chaos®',
integration where we might otherwise have discontinuity. The plenitude is comprehended.
Therefore when you pick up Goethe's Metamorphosis of Plants to read, or any of his
other writings on nature, do not close yourseh es off when hearing its foreign language, rather
attempt to hear its new \'oice and direction for the understanding of nature, "the element in
which we live." Whether, indeed. Goethe has bequeathed us afi uirfidpath by means of which
I
^
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our ancient right might be restored or whether it is but a false porta. is for each of us to
determine for ourselves.
7. Against Self-knowledge:
"Eveiything that liberates our mind
without at the same time impartina
self-control is pernicious
Where are we. then, in the midst of all this? Is there a lesson to be learned about
ourselves from this "other \\ ay of studying nature"? As we'\'e seen there are two unities that are
reestablished by Goethe's wa}- of thinking: there's the unit}' of wholes that had been fragmented,
and the unit}' of obsen er and world that had been alienated. Let us think more about the latter.
This unit}" of obsen er and world means that, like any organism, man cannot be known,
nor know himself, apart from his world—his environment— which sustains him and of which he
is an integral part. Given the polarized, inauthentic. and diminished sense of self that is the
consequence of the di\ orce of the "ego'* from its world in modem thought, it is understandable,
then, that to Goethe "no one knows himself an}' longer." This led him to his famous—if at first
shocking—remark concerning the Delphic oracle: "I mustadmit.'" he said, 'ihat I have long been
suspicious of the great and important sounding task: 'know-thyself.' This has always seemed to
me a deception practiced b}' a secret order of priests who wished to confuse humanity with
impossible demands, to divert attention from acti>it}' in the outer world to some false inner
speculation.*'" Self-knowledge—or what we take to be such—can be misleading, indeed
disabling.
But how can we make it truthful...and enabling? As we would expect, for Goethe the
success of our efforts to know ourselves depends on the degree to which we are willing to extend
ourselves be}ond ourselves. "Man is b}' all his senses and efforts directed to externals—to the
world around him....'"'* he stresses, and thus "the human being knows himself only insofar as
he knows the world: he percei\ es the world onl} in himself and himself only in the world."'"
This brings to mind his earlier obser\'ation: "WTioe\'er descends deep down into himself will
always realize he is only half a being:" this thought was then completed with 'iet him find ...a
world....and he will become whole."" In short, that we might be drawn out of our overly selfpolarized existence, we need to reestablish ourselves once again as "worldly beings, full}" engaged
with and in our natural correlate "the outer w orld."
Thus he answers the question "How can we learn self-knowledge?" in this wa}": ""'"Never
by taking thought but rather by action."'" [2x] This reph' should not surprise us. for itwas our
history that our very attempts to thwk about ourseKes and the world brought us to this unnatural
polarization. Thus it is •'acti^'it}' in the outer world" alone that is necessary" to restore a balanced
polarit}'and healthy equilibrium. We see this in Goethe's own ''objective activit} :"
Without my attempts in natural science, [he said] I should never have learned
to know mankind [including himself] as it is. In nothing else can we so closely
approach pure contemplation and thought, so closeh' observ e errors of the sense
and of the understanding, the weak and strong points of character. All is more or
less pliant and wavering...but nature understands no jesting; she is always true.
alwa}'s serious: alwa}'s severe... the errors and faults are alwa}'s those of man.
The man incapable of appreciating her. she despises: and only to the apt. the pure
and the true, does she resisn herself and res eal her secrets.'^
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Here we see Goethe learning lessons from nature that once were thought the fruit of introspection
and the stud\' of the human sciences. The book of nature, as other texts, can serve as an occasion
for self-reflection. 'The apt. the pure, and the true'* learn about themselves and other human
beinas as the\ self-criticalK" open themseh es up to new fields and methods. The earlier passage.
"For"almost a centuiy now the humanities have no longer influenced the minds ofmen engaged
in them:" comes to mind. It is followed b>-: "it is a real piece of good fortune that nature
inter>'ened. drew the essence of the humanities to itself and opened to us the way to a true
humanitarianism from its side."^" The stud>- of nature can thus be a liberatingstudy, freeing us
from the burden of blinding conceptions and enabling us to return to our original worldliness
wherein we. once asain. can open oursel\"es to our fullest possibilities. In this wa\. the study of
nature is properly a liberal art.
8. The Grand Attempt:
"Where do we meet an original naturel
Where is the man with strength to be true,
and to show himselfas he is?"'®
FinalK". certain questions emerged earlier about our modem way of life. How are we,
given the ^'demands of an exorbitant present,*" not to get ""caught up" in the whirl of our
times and to reclaim a sense of productive leisured For Goethe the answer is ...nature, whose
rhythms, it was once thought, could not be accelerated, and through our study of which
intimations of timeless self-sameness might prove a refuge and shape our own being in the world.
How are we to regain afooting ""where everything is in flux of continual change"? Here too.
the answer for Goethe is nature, our home world, whose inherent lawfulness, as evidenced in the
unities of life forms, can thus provide a secure base upon which to take our next steps. How are
we to know ourselves more completely? Nature is especially needed here to offset our tendency^
to over self-involvement and to return us to our original fullness of being. And how are we to
educate ourselves more truthfully? Since modem education only brought us, in Goethe's view,
to become "blind with seeing eyes." he sought in nature a complement—not to mention an
antidote—^whose truthfulness would bring us "to see with seeing eyes" that fullness of view,
perspective and measure that is the proper fmit of serious study. Our question: can our own
sustained reflection on these questions, beginning with freshman laboratory, lead to lessons such
as these as well?"
B\ way of conclusion I would like to quote Nietzsche one last time. Toward the end of
his life (1889). he himselftried to capture in one of his aphorisms "the European event" that was
Goethe. This distillation lis es up to his well-known boast that he "wrote whole books in one
sentence.""''® though in this case he is somewhat more loquacious, for it took him a whole
paragraph to epitomize this extraordinary life:
Goethe - not a German event but a European one: a grand attempt to overcome
the eighteenth century through a retum to nature, through a going-z/p to the
naturalness of the Renaissance, a kind of self-ov ercoming on the part of that
century. - He bore within him its strongest instincts: sentimentality, natureidolatiy. the anti-historical, the idealistic, the unreal and revolutionaiy.... He
called to his aid history, the natural sciences, antiquity , likewise Spinoza, above
all practical activity; he surrounded himself with nothing but closed horizons;
he did not sever himself from life, [rather] he placed himself within it [that
is, ""at the very center of the plenitude"]; nothing could discourage him and he
took as much as possible upon himself, above himself, within himself. What he
^
�David Lawrence Le\ ine
''At the Very Center ofthe Plenitude*'
Page 13
Friday Night Dean's Lecture. August 29,2003
14x
aspired to was rotaliry: he stro\ e against separation of reason, sensualit}'. feeling,
will (—preached in the most horrible scholasticism b> Kant, the antipode of
Goethe): he disciplined himself to the whole, he created himself...Goethe was,
in an epoch disposed to the unreal, a convinced realist: ...Goethe conceived of a
strong, highly cultured human being, skilled in all physical accomplishments,
who, keeping himself in check and having re\ erence for himself, dares to allow
himself the whole compass and wealth of naturalness, [one] who is strong
enough for this freedom .... A spirit thus emancipated stands in the midst of the
universe with a jojful and trusting fatalism, in the faith that only what is
separate and indi\idual ma>' be rejected, that in the totalit>- everything is
redeemed and affirmed - he no longer denies ... But such a faith is the highest
of all possible faiths: I have baptized it with the name [...] Dionysus.—
Those who've read more wideK" in Nietzsche will recognize this last act of baptism as
extraordinary: there is no higher, nor deeper, nor more original mode of being for Nietzsche
than this aboriginal and creative life force that he identifies in the person of Goethe: 1) this rare
independence from it's times. 2) this extraordinary, if circumspect, positivity, 3) this unlimited
and deep interest in all things. 4) this secure groundedness in practical, concrete reality-, 5) this
insistence on our original, primary experience. 6) this noble distance from suffering, 7) this
incomparable sense of measure, and of course 8) this Olympian courage. If not Dionysus, then
what name or word would be appropriate?
Goethe and Nietzsche saw that we modems ha\e a hard choice before us: between
disaffection and engagement, between c\nicism'*'" and wonder. Goethe somehow was able to
affirm life, to sav YESl'*^*
So we ask you tonight to consider this figure, how he might move you to "discipline
yourselves to the whole" and summon the natural fecundity of your inherence.
.\nd we ask you tonight "to place yourselves within life." to seek out what is primary
and original and. daring to speak the language ofdisco\'ery. to speak "poetically.'^"
And we ask you tonight to "make time" for thoughtfulness. that you transform the
mundane with thejo> s of daily discos eiy. that\ our life be rich and yourdays notordinary ones.
One last comment: Eckermann observed that even until Goethe's last da>'S (that is. into
his 83"^ year), he was continually learning. May this be so for you as well.
Thank vou.
�David Lawrence Levine
".4r the Very Center ofthe Plenitude"
Page 14
Fridav Nidit Dean's Lecture. August 29. 2003
14.\
Endnotes
'
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. .Maxim and Reflections. = 337: also 664 [hereafter MR]. Given as the annual
Fridav niaht Dean's Lecture' to open the 37'" academic year at St. John's College. Santa Fe. See MR = 864. This talk
is a further development of work begun in 1966 (see Levine. "The Political Philosophy of Sature. .4 Preface to
Goethe s Human Sciences." Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal. XL 1986. pp. 163-178). It was Thomas McDonald
who introduced me to the work of Eric Heller and Karl Lowith. and all three who introduced me to the depth of
Goethe's thinking: m\ debt to them continues. For the ambiguiiv' and greatness of Goethe's "grand anempt." see
Johann Petet Eckermann. Conversations with Goethe, translated by John Oxenford. London. 1951 [1850]. [hereafter
ECK]. October.20.1828. .As alwa>s my deep gratitude to Jacqueline Levine and John Comell for their thoughtful
suggestions.
I
"
Nietzsche. Twilight ofthe Idols, Or How to Philosophize with a Hammer, translated by R.J. Holilingdale.
1968 [1889]. = 49. p. 102[hereafterTl\.
•'
.Martin Heidegger. "On the Essence and Concept of Phusis in .Aristotle's Physics B. 1." Pathmarks,
Cambridge. 1998. p. 183 [hereafter Phusis].
"
.Analysis and Synthesis [hereafter .AS], in Goethe. Scientific Studies, vol. 12. edited and translated b\-
Doualas Miller. The Colleaed ff'orks. Princeton. 1995. p. 48 [hereafter SS]. The publication of this collection of
Goethe's disparate scientific workshas provided a new occasion for further reflection about his"grand anempL"
•
Ralph Waldo Emerson. "Goethe, or the Writer." Representative Men. New York. 1995 [1850]. p. 195.
^
ECK Januaiy 4. 1824. May2. 1824. Februaiy 18and 19. 1829.
ECK Februaix 26. 1824: also .MR = 662.
'
ECK March 1. 1830.
'
Outline of a Theory of Color [hereafter OTC]. SS. = 743 see also note 21.
10
Nietzsche. "The Wanderer and His Shadow. " Human at! too Hunum, A Bookfor Free Spirits, translated by
R. J. Hollingdate. Cambridge. 1986. Vol. II. Pt II = 109. p. 336
Lener to Zelier. June 7. 1825: in Ldwith. Karl. "The Historical Background of European Xihilisin." "The
Fate of Progress." .Mature, History, and Existentialisnu and Other Essays in the Philosophy of History'. E\anston.
1966. pp. 4. 156-7: Front Hegel to Sietzsche. the Revolution in Sineteenth Century Thought. New YorL 1964. pp.
27-8. 177-181 [hereafterHN): also MR = 480.
i
MR =474.
•
MR = 479.
'•*
.MR = 770.
HN p. 226.
The EnterpriseJustified. On Morphology. SS. p. 61.
The ego or modem selfis doubtful of all but bare existence, where even the e.xiemaliiv . the worldness of the
world, is in question.
Foran interesting reflection on the problem of the subject-object polaritv . see Heidegger. Phusis. p.188.
.A modem ironv: man is least at home in a world of his own conception.
�David Lawrence Levine
Page 15
the Very Center of the Plenitude"
Fridav Niaht Dean's Lecture. August 29. 2003
14x
ECK September 24. 1827.
ECK September 18. 1823. Bj-contrast, all of Goethe's poetn* was insistently "occasional." that is objecti\ ely
motivated: "The world is so great and rich, and life so full of \ ariet>*. that \ou can ne\er want for occasions for poems.
But the\ must be occasioned [poems] [Geiegenheitsgediche]: that is to sa\. realin- {lVirklichkeif\ must give both
impulse and material. .A panicular even becomes universal and poetic by the veiy circumstance that it is treated bv- a
poet. .All mv poems are occasioned poems, suggested bv- real life, and having therein a firm foundation." ,A radicalh
different orientation and tone is apparent here. See also January 29. 1826. MR ^ 337.393. 119.
"
MR = 935.
ECK Januarv- 29. 1826: also .MR =1119.
ECK .May18.24.
-
ECKJanuaiv 29. 1826.
MR = 1031: ECK .Mav 2.1829.
.A comparison wiih Nietzsche is appropriate here.
ECK March. 14. 1830; also December 21. 1831: ITP p. 39.
29
ECK .April 14. 1824: also 77je Cement Prefaced. On Morphology. SS. p. 67. and HN pp. 6-7.
On the Parts of.Animals, l.v. 645al6. 19-27.
Fortunate Encounter [hereafter FE], SS. p. 18.
"The Germans." Goethe notes, "have a word for the complex of existence present in the physical organism.
Gestalt [or structured form]...[whereby] an interrelated whole is identified, defined, and fixed in character. But if we
look at all these Gestalten [all these forms], especiallv- organic ones, we will discover that nothing in them is
permanent nothing is at rest or defined—everything is in flux of continual motion. This is why the Germans
fi-equentlv- and fininglv- make use of [another] wordBildung[formation] to describe [both] the end product and what is
in process of production as well." The PurposeSet Forth. On .Morphology. SS. p. 63.
Significant Help Given by an Ittgenious Turn ofPhrase [hereafter ITP]. SS. p. 40.
See CP p. 69: also Eric Heller. "Goethe and the Idea of Scientific Truth." The Disinherited Mind. New York.
1959.p. 10 [hereafter Heller].
*'
Metamorphosis ofPlant [hereafter MoP]. SS. ^ 60.67.
MoP. p. 76.
OTC - 743.
ECK. .Mav- 18. 1824: also January 17. 1830.
This is the "modem cave." We may not be disposed at first to include the philosophers among the "opinion
makers" parading above and behind the chained onlookers in Plato's cave {Republic VII). But they are word smiths
and as such we are indebted to them for our language and lenses as well: see also Hegel. "Preface." Phenomenology of
Spirit, translated bv .A. \'. Miller. Oxford. 1977. =33. pp. 19-20: "In modem time the individual finds the abstract ready
made.... Hence the task nowadays consists...in freeing determinate thoughts from their fixity so as to give actuality to
the universal and impart to it spiritual life. "
�Da\ id Lawrence LeN ine
Page 16
'\4t the Ven' Center ofthe Plenitude*"
Frida\- Niaht Dean's Lecture. Auaust 29. 2003
14x
r^
MR = 1364.
Lucreiius. On the yantre of Things. II.
•*"
"These anempts at division also produce many adverse effects when carried to an e.\ireme. To besure, what
is ali\e can be dissected into its component parts, but from these pans it will be impossible to restore it and bring it
back to life" (PSF p. 63). The natural plenitude is now compounded exponentially by the anahiical dissolution or
decomposition of wholes; cp. Heidegger's characterization: the original "atomic bomb" is to be found here in our
modem analuical disassociation or explosion of all things into bits, pans and panicles {"The Thing." Poetry,
Language, Thought, ed. byHofstadter. New Tork. 1971, p. 170).
.And thus the diminished realii>- of those who think that a home is bricks and monar. and humans their
chemical makeup.
~
Rene Descanes. Meditations on First Philosophy. 11. .AT pp. 19-34. How someone could e\en think this is
wonh fiinher thought.
.A. science that had given up trying to e.\plain our e.\perience was simply incomprehensive—not to mention
infuriating—^to one so firmly rooted in theactual ("at the very center of the plenitude"). The Extent to ff'Ttich the Idea
'Beauty Is Petfection in Combination with Freedom' May be .Applied to Living Organisms, SS 22: also ECK
September 2. 1830: see also Goethe's longstanding debate with the Newtonian school and their tendenc\ to substitute
secondaiyfor primary phenomena: OTC = 176. 718.
TheEnterprise Justified. On .Morphology, SS p. 61.
In this regard one might want to compare Goethe and Nietzsche's respective anempts to "sta\e off the
nihilistic consequences of modem science" (Levine. .4 World ofWoridless Truths, .An Invitation to Philosophy).
4S
OTC= 158.
.AOS p. 48.
ECK September2. 1830:also Heller, p. 16.
MR = 430: gemeine Menschen verstand (not "common sense"): cf. Empirical Observation and Science,
[hereafter EOSJ. SS p. 25.
""
Naively
Levine. "The .Antinomy and Irs Political Resolution." The Political Philosophy of.\ature. pp.
170-172.
.MR = 664: also ECK January 29. 1826: "People alwa\s talk of the study of the ancients: but what does that
mean, except that it sa\s. turn your attention to the real world....": see also OTC = 358. Yet as we shall see Goethe is
not an ancient but seeks to car\e out a middle position between ancient and modem science. While there is deep
asreement with .Aristotle about ourexperience of nature in terms of wholes, there isdisagreement aboutwhat is eternal.
In making form eternal. .Aristotle, hesaid, was prone to "precipitousness" (....) By contrast forhim it is theprocess, not
the form, which abides. "E\erything is in flux of continual motion." Goethe has sought to establish hisown "theory of
relativity. a relational and immanent measure, amidst the ever-changing" (Levine. The Political Philosophy ofSature.
p. 174)."
*•'
"There is no worse mistake in ph\ sics or an\ science than to treat secondary things as basic and...to seek an
explanation for the basic things in secondary ones" (OTC = 718). It'sas ifwe were "toenter a palace b>" the side door
and thereafter base our description of the whole on our firsL one-sided impression {General Observation [hereafter
GO], SS. p. 42 and OTC p. 160): also. = 177. 716 and its application tothe "grievous" Newtonian error at= 176.
"
See Heidegger. Phusis: "The act ofself-unfolding emergence isinherenth" a going-back-into-itself. This kind
ofbecoming present isphusis. But it must not be thought ofas a kind of built-in 'motor* that drives something nor as
an oraanizer" on hand somewhere, directing the thing. Nonetheless, we might be tempted to fall back on the notion
that p/»;iv(-detemiined being could be a kind that makes themselves. So easiK' and spontaneoush' does this idea suggest
�David Lawrence Le\'ine
"/4/ the Very Center ofthe Plenitude'^
Frida}' Night Dean's Lecture. August 29. 2003
Page 17
14x
itself that it has become normative for the interpretation of li\ ing nature in particular, a living being has been
understood as an "organism." No doubt a good deal of time has yet to pass before we learn to see that the idea of
organism' and of the 'organic' is a purel> modem, mechanistic teleological concept according to which "growing
things' are interpreted as ariijbcis that make themselves. E\en the word and concept "plant' takes what grows as
something "planted." something sown and cultivated (p. 195)" and "But is notphusis then misunderstood as some son
of self-makingartifacti Or is this not a misunderstanding at all but the onl\ possible interpretation of phusis. nameh. as
a kind of technel This almost seems to be the case, because modem metaphysics, in the impressive terms of ...Kanu
conceives of "nature" as a "technique" such that this "technique" that constitutes the essence of nature pro\ ides the
metaphysical ground for the possibilii>. or eN en the necessit>-. of subjecting and mastering nature through machine
technology (p. 220)."
56
GO p. 42.
ECK. May 12. 1825; also .AS p. 48.
58
ECK .April II. 1827.
59
FE p. 20.
60
The Influence of.Modern Philosophy, (hereafter IMP], SS p. 28.
MoP = 77.
62
.MoP = 84.
o r e = 175.
64
EOS p.25.
OTC = 665. There are times when Goethe seems to anticipate Husserl's phenomenological approach, in
panicular in The Experiment as Mediator Between Object and Subject [hereafter EMOS]. p. 16. and LALO p. 22.
where the rigor and thoroughness of something like "eidetic variation" seems to be proposed. The question is li\ ing
form: ""...We cannot find enough points of view nor develop ourselves enough organs of perception to avoid killing it
when we anahze it" that is. multiple adumbrations may give us a kind of whole but at the risk of rendering the
outcome a "mental composition' (as in Kant). It would be interesting to see how Husserl and Heidegger treat life in its
original vitality. See also OTC = 166.
^
Preface. OTC p. 159. We'\ e taken the liberty to add the specification "modem scientific" to abstraction.
Throughout his OTC Goethe addresses the problems of scientific cognition and its tendency to excessive abstraction
(== 310. 716. 754.and p. 162). ForGoethe, as for Hegel, this tendency is consequential and reckless. See note52.
EOS. SS p. 25.
68
Polarity. SS p. 155: OTC = 175: Lenerto Herder. .May 17. 1778 (in Heller, p. 10).
OTC = 732 (""expanded empiricism").
On Granite. SS. p. 132.
.4 Study Based on Spinoza, SS. p. 8.
Despite Kant's denial of such a human faculty in his Critique of Teleological Judgment. Goethe found a
window ofopponunity. He wrote that Kant had "... a roguishly ironic way of working: at times heseemed determined
to put the narrowest limit on our ability to know things, and at times, with a casual gesture, he pointed beyond the
limits he himself had set." The passage in Kant that Goethe alludes to reads thus: "He can...think [of a kind of]
understanding which [unlike our discursive one is}... intuitive, [and] proceeds from the synthetical-universal tthe
intuition of the whole as suclu to theparticular, i.e. from the whole to theparts.... It is here notat all requisite toprove
that such an iniellecius archerypous is possible, but only that ue are led to the idea of it—which too contains no
�Da\ id Lawrence Le\ ine
"'At the Very Center ofthe Plenitude"
Friday Niaht Dean's Lecture. August 29. 2003
Page 18
14x
contradiction—in contrast to our discursive understanding, which has need of'images finiellectus ect}pust and to the
contingenc}- of'its constitution." However. Goethe then drew the opposite conclusion: "Whyshould it not also hold
true in the intellectual area that through an intuitive perception of eternally creative nature we may become
worthy of participating spirituallyin its creative process?." he wonders. "Impelled from thestart byan inner need. I
had stri\ en unconsciously and incessantl>' toward primal image and prototype, and had even succeeded in building up a
method of representing it which conformed to nature. Thus there was nothing ftinher to prevent me from boldly
embarking on this "adventure of reason" (as the sage of Ronigsberg himself called it)." Judgment through Intuitive
Perception [hereafter JIP]. SS pp. 31-2: also E.MOS. pp. 11-17. Contrast Kant's "aesthetic normal idea" Critique of
Aesthetic Judgment, § 17.
OTC = 177.
Lener to Herder. .Ma\ 17. 1787:"...1 am ver> close to discovering the secret of the creation and organization
of plants....The crucial point from which evetyihing else must needs spring.... The i'rpflanze is to be the strangest
creature in the world.... .After this model [visual formula] it will be possible to in\ ent plants ad infininim. which will all
be consistent...would possess an inner truth and necessity . .And the same law will be applicable to every thing alive
(Heller, p. 10). .Also OTC ? 175. Polarity p. 155.
"•
Vrpflanze is often translated as"symbolic plant." While this rendering might behelpful if we keep a strictK"
Goethean notion of symbol in mind (as in MR = 314). this translation more often misdirects us if it suggests to the
reader either a mental abstraction or a literaiy device. Rather it seeks to embody the manifold fruitfiilness of nature "in
potential" (Outline for a General Introduaion to Comparative Anatomy, Commencing with Osteology [hereafter
GIC.A]. SS. p. 118).
".All is leaf." .MoP =119: OTC = 120.
Fortunate Encounter [hereafterFE], SS. p.20: ECK No\"ember 14. 1823.
^
Leners to Schiller. Februaiy 10. 14. 1787 (in Heller p. 20).
Hegel too—who other\vise was well disposed to Goethe's project, indeed helped Goethe see how it fit into
the larger scheme of the development of ideas—Hegel too nevenheless failed to see the i'rpflanze as anjthing but an
abstracted archet> pe(See Hegel, The Letters, translated b> Butler and Seller. Indiana. 1984. pp. 681-711: HN. p. 11).
^
CP, SS. pp. 68-9. .And we read in the .Metamorphosis of Plants of the cal\-x that it "...betrays its
composite origins in itsmore or less deep incisions or divisions.
ITPp.41.
OTC p. 166. This ma\ sound like "deconstruction." yet we would have to consider whether it represents a
true break with anaKiical thinking, as Goethe seeks to do here.
CP. SS p. 69. Just as it led to his "discovering" the Ur-principle of the plant kingdom, so Goethe is led in
his other studies to "postulate" one for the mammal famih': "In the process 1 was soon obliged to postulate a
prototype against which all mammals could be compared asto points of agreement and divergence. .As I had earlier
sought out the archet>pal plant 1now aspired to find the archet> pal animal: in essence the concept or idea of the
animal."
S4
GIC.A p. 118.
Letter to Herder. .Vlay 17. 1787; OTC = 175:Polarity p. 155.
86
ITP p. 41 ("...m> wholemethod relies on derivation....").
.Aristotle's eidos is not subject to metamorphosis. On the other side, in Darwin the metamorphosis of form is
not an unfolding of immanent form but the haphazard "evolution of species" and creati\e adaptation on the pan of
activ e wholes becomes ""random selection." See note 51. My thanks again to John Cornell for his helping me think this
through.
i,—^
f
>
�David Lawrence Levine
"At the Very Center ofthe Plenitude''
Page 19
Fridav Niaht Dean's Lecture. August 29. 2003
ss
I4x
OTC = 720.
OTC = 109.
90
MR = 504.
ITP p. 39. .Also "if we take the significant dictum 'know rhyself and consider it. u-e niitsm'r interpret itfrom
an ascetical standpoint. It does not b>' an> means signifi" the kind of self-knowledge advocated by our modem
hjpochondriacs. humorists, and 'Heatttotimontmens' [self-torturers], but quite simply means: pay some attention to
yourself, watch what you are doing so that \ ou come to realize who \ ou stand vis-a-ris your fellows and the world in
general. This needs no psychological self-torture'. an\-capable person knows and appreciates this. It is good advice and
of the greatest practical advantage to everyone I.MR = 657)." He objects only to those isolating tendencies of the
subjective sciences and psychologies thatare heirto the fateful alienation, if notdivorce, of the egofrom theworld.
ECK.April 10. 1829: OTC#
.
ITP p. 39. See also Goethe's ad\ ice to the \ oung Schopenhauer (
).
MR = 935: the whole passage reads"...let him find a girl or a world, no matter which, and he will become
whole." This is t>pical (see Eric Heller. "Goethe in Marienbad." ThePoet's Self and ThePoem. London. 1976).
MR # 442 ("Try to do \our dut\- and \ou'll soon disco\er what \ou're like."): also #= 770. 935: ECK
Januar\"29. 1826.
96
^
ECKFebruar\ 13. 1829.
HN p. 226: Levine. The Political Philosophy of Sature. p. 173. .Also ECK October 18. 1827: In a
conversation with Hegel about the potential tor modem sophistry of the "dialectic disease." Goethe sa\s: "Let us only
hope that these intellectual arts and de.vterities are not frequentb misused, and emplo\ edto make the false true and the
true false The study of nature preserves me from such a disease. For here we have to deal with the infinitely and
etemalb" true, which throws off as incapable e\'eryone who does not proceed purely and honestly with the treatment
and observ ation of his subject. I am also certain that man\- a dialectic disease would find a wholesome remedy in the
stud\ of nature."
^
ECK Januarv 2. 1824; also .March 12. 1828.
^
.And one lunher question: now that "nature" is at risk of being obscured b\" modem thought and being made
artificial b\ modem technological advances, can it yet serve as a point of reference any longer, not to mention a
standard?
Twilight oftheIdols, or How to Philosophize l^lth a Hanmxer [1889). = 49. pp. 102-3: cf. MR=864.
ECK January2. 1824: letterto Zelter.June 18. 1831 (in HN p. 27).
See also ECK Januaiy 24. 1825. October 12. 1825: February 1. 1827; October 18. 1827; February 12. 1827;
MR =191 and 1121. See Nietzsche. Zaraihustra
This affirmation is what Nietzsche found most admirable, indeed
he was envious of this, for it was not available to him. See Levine. Afterword: Goethe and Sietzsche. ".-I ff'orld of
Worldless Truths, .An Invitation to Philosophy."
KU
A More Intense Chemical Activityin Primordial Maner, SS, p. 137.
�
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Friday night lecture
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Austin, 2018-10
Friday night lecture
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Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 1
“Everyone Sees How You Appear; Few Touch What You Are”:
Machiavelli on Human Nature
How do the writings of Niccolò Machiavelli appear to us today? There is no small risk
that, whenever we crack the spines of The Prince or the Discourses on Livy, we will find these
books to be boring. Full of historical details, full of admittedly colorful and even shocking
anecdotes, they nonetheless appear to teach us only what we already know: the maxims of
amoral, or immoral, prudence, that ‘the end justifies the means,’ or that ‘might makes right.’ To
say that we already know such things does not mean that we believe them, of course. Perhaps in
extreme circumstances, with lives at stake, we might grant that it is necessary to be
Machiavellian; but who really expects to find himself in extreme circumstances? Most of the
time, among family, friends, and fellow citizens, we try to be good, to do what is right. We
might grant, while smothering a yawn, that we sometimes need to be Machiavellians. But we
would not say that we are Machiavellians.
And yet Machiavelli’s books are not just full of striking maxims about how we should
live, like “men should either be caressed or eliminated” [P 3:10].1 They are also full of striking
claims about how we do live, claims that Machiavelli offers in support of these maxims. “[M]en
should either be caressed or eliminated, because they avenge themselves for slight offenses but
cannot do so for grave ones” [P 3:10] – because, that is, only death can stop a human being from
seeking revenge, even for a slight injury. Behind or beneath the Machiavellian maxims about
how we should live, there appears to be a Machiavellian account of how we do live – an account
of what human beings are, an account of human nature. Could this account be true? And if we
find it to be so, are we compelled to be, not just rainy day Machiavellians, but Machiavellians
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 2
through and through? These questions, it seems to me, run a lesser risk of being boring.
Tonight I will sketch this Machiavellian account of human nature, chiefly as it is found in
The Prince, but with some reference to the Discourses on Livy. In concentrating on these two
books, I will be following Machiavelli’s advice, at least to some extent. In the Dedicatory Letter
of The Prince, he suggests that it contains all that he has learned and understood; while in the
Dedicatory Letter of the Discourses he writes that it contains as much as he knows and has
learned [P DL:3-4; D DL:3; compare TM, 17]. Either book on its own would presumably suffice
for the experienced student of Machiavelli. But for relative beginners like ourselves, it is helpful
to have the same matter given two different forms. What I hope to show by this sketch is that we
underestimate Machiavelli if we consider him simply as a teacher of amoral or immoral practices
that we can take or leave as we conduct our lives. To the extent that Machiavelli’s account of
human nature is shared by his successors, Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau – to
whose thought we trace our political institutions and our understanding of ourselves – we may be
forced to acknowledge his account of human nature as our own. It may turn out that deep down,
where it counts, we are Machiavellians, even though we do not appear to be so, even to
ourselves.
This lecture will have three parts. In the first, I will offer the desire to acquire as the
main element of human nature as Machiavelli depicts it, and show how in a political setting this
desire ramifies into two humors, that of the great and that of the people. In the second I will
sketch goodness as the excellence of the popular humor and virtue as the excellence of the humor
of the great, and I will connect Machiavelli’s distinction between goodness and virtue to the
famous ‘turn’ in Chapter Fifteen of The Prince from the imagination of a thing to its effectual
truth [P 15:51]. In the final part I will suggest that Machiavelli’s view of human nature points to
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 3
a science of human nature without a distinctively human element – what Machiavelli calls a
“science of sites” – and I will raise some difficulties with this science, difficulties that originate
in Machiavelli’s own writings.
I
Readers who leaf through the pages of The Prince or the Discourses in search of the
phrase ‘human nature’ are bound, at first, to be disappointed. As far as I can tell, Machiavelli
never uses the phrase in either work. Mentions of nature, by contrast, are easy to find. In The
Prince, for example, Machiavelli writes of the natures of nonliving things, like sites, mountains,
low places, rivers, and marshes [P DL:4, 14:59]. He writes of the natures of living things, like
beasts, foxes, and lions [P 18:69, 70; 19:78]. He writes of the natures of particular human
beings, alone or in groups, like peoples, governments, ministers, emperors, princes, and cautious
men [P DL:4; 6:24; 4:18; 7:30; 17:68; 19:76; 23:95; 25:99, 100]. He even writes of nature in
general as something that contains things [P 7:26], and that causes particular men to incline in a
certain way [P 25:100].2 But each time he writes about nature, Machiavelli sidesteps the phrase
‘human nature.’ He is willing to write as if particular beings have natures, he is willing to
include particular human beings among these beings, and he is willing to imply that all beings
fall within nature in some general sense; but nature in each of these cases is subhuman or
superhuman – that is, not specifically human. The closest Machiavelli comes to writing about
human nature in The Prince is a single claim he makes about the “nature of men” – that they are
“obligated as much by benefits they give as by benefits they receive” [P 10:44]. Even there, he
does not dignify the nature of men with the specific adjective ‘human.’
Nonetheless, there are plenty of hints in The Prince that Machiavelli thinks that human
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 4
beings do have a nature, if only in the sense of an abiding character. Early in the work, for
example, he considers “a natural difficulty” and “another natural and ordinary necessity” that
confront a new prince: that “men willingly change their masters in the belief that they will fare
better,” but that “one must always offend those over whom he becomes a new prince” [P 3:8].3
In the immediate sequel Machiavelli treats these natural necessities that follow from the
character of men as “universal causes” [P 3:9],4 and suggests that they contribute to an
apparently permanent “order of things” [P 3:11] that endures despite the changes brought by
time [P 3:13; 10:44].5 Later in The Prince he invokes “human conditions” in much the same
way, to explain why a prince cannot have, nor wholly observe, all of the qualities that are held
good [P 15:62]. The conditions in question can be summarized in a single phrase: men are
wicked unless necessity makes them good.6 As with the other natural necessities felt by a new
prince, Machiavelli implies that these conditions will never change, as long as there are human
beings. If they did change, his description of the situation of the new prince, and of the political
situation more generally, would cease to be true.
Similar claims about the abiding character of human beings can be found in the
Discourses, in a somewhat more explicit form. In that work Machiavelli warns early on against
the error of thinking that men, among other things, have “varied in motion, order, and power
from what they were in antiquity” [D I.P.2:6]. To the contrary, “[w]hoever considers present and
ancient things easily knows that in all cities and in all peoples there are the same desires and the
same humors, and there always have been” [D I.39.1:83].7 Not just human beings but human
things have a permanent character: they “are always in motion, either they ascend or they
descend” [D II.P.2:123]. Perhaps as a result, the world has a permanent character too: “I judge
the world always to have been in the same mode,” Machiavelli writes, “and there to have been as
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 5
much good as wicked in it” [D II.P.2:124]. He even flirts, indirectly, with the idea that the world
is eternal. “To those philosophers who would have it that the world is eternal,” he writes, “I
believe that one could reply that if so much antiquity were true it would be reasonable that there
be memory of more than five thousand years – if it were not seen how the memories of times are
eliminated by diverse causes, of which part come from men, part from heaven” [D II.5.1:138139]. It is reasonable, then, that there be no memory of more than five thousand years, even if
the world is eternal. So is the world eternal? However this may be, Machiavelli regards the
world as lasting enough that he can claim that human things have an abiding character. “It has
always been, and will always be,” he announces, “that great and rare men are neglected in a
republic in peaceful times” [D III.16.1:254]. Men “have and always had the same passions, and
they must of necessity result in the same effect” [D III.43.1:302]. If it were to turn out that the
abiding character of human beings included an element specific to human beings, an element that
was a cause or principle of human motion and rest, then despite his avoidance of the term,
Machiavelli could be said to have an account of a specifically human nature.
The best candidate for such an element, in The Prince and the Discourses, is the desire to
acquire. In The Prince this desire sets the tone for the whole book. Machiavelli mentions it in
the first sentence of the Dedicatory Letter, writing “[i]t is customary most of the time for those
who desire to acquire favor with a Prince to come to meet him with things that they care most for
among their own or with things that they see please him most” [P DL:3]. In the particular form
of the desire to acquire a principality, this desire dictates the concerns of the first half of the
work, and is mentioned in three of the first fourteen chapter titles;8 while the second half, which
examines “what the modes and government of a prince should be with subjects and with friends”
[P 15:61], can be understood as containing advice about how to keep an acquisition. But when
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 6
Machiavelli formulates this desire as a principle, he writes, “truly it is a very natural and ordinary
thing to desire to acquire” [P 3:14], without saying for whom, or for what, this is very natural
and ordinary. He does continue, in the immediate sequel, “and when men do it who can, they
will be praised or not blamed; but when they cannot, and want to do it anyway, here lie the error
and the blame” [P 3:14-15], but this amounts to saying that praise and blame are specifically
human, not that the desire to acquire is.9 In the Discourses Machiavelli elaborates: “nature has
created men so that they are able to desire everything and are unable to attain everything” [D
I.37.1:78]. As a result, “human appetites are insatiable, for since from nature they have the
ability and the wish to desire all things and from fortune the ability to achieve few of them, there
continually results from this a discontent in human minds and a disgust with the things they
possess” [D II.P.3:125]. While Machiavelli says that the insatiable appetites and the discontent
and disgust that they produce are specifically human, they are also effects of a cause that is not
specifically human: nature in general.
Not only does Machiavelli fail to insist that the desire to acquire is specifically human; he
also fails to assign the desire a specific end. In The Prince and the Discourses he depicts human
beings who desire to acquire material things like cities and provinces, states and kingdoms,
friends and partisans, and spiritual things like reputation, glory, and knowledge. But he never
argues that these are the proper objects of the desire to acquire. Instead, he asserts in the
Discourses, “each willingly multiplies that thing and seeks to acquire those goods he believes he
can enjoy once acquired” [D II.2.3:132; compare II.4.2:137]. The desire to acquire can have
anything as its object, then, so long as the one who acquires it believes he will enjoy it. But the
omnivorousness of the desire points again to its insatiability. Since the object of the desire is
nothing in particular, but rather acquisition for the sake of enjoying possession, and since
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 7
possession inspires only disgust and discontentment, the acquiring being goes from expecting
future enjoyment to feeling present dissatisfaction, and the desire to acquire must seek a new
object. Machiavelli is right, then, to call this desire a desire to acquire, since it aims at no object
in particular, but rather at acquisition, which is to say the feeling of acquisition, in general.
Human beings feel discontent and disgust with what they have; they enjoy only when they feel
that what they have is increasing.10 The desire to acquire thus resembles a drive to grow, since
its end is an increase in one’s own, without any intrinsic concern about whether one’s own is also
good.11
Understood in this way, the desire to acquire has both external and internal consequences.
Externally, this desire drives isolated human beings to acquire without limit and without
exclusion – in the Discourses Machiavelli mentions that it is even possible to “acquire the
world” [D I.20.1:54]. It follows from this that isolated human beings are almost entirely
formless.12 Perhaps this is one reason for Machiavelli’s practice of using “matter” as a term for
the human beings who are potential subjects of a prince [P 6:23; 26:102, 104]. But in a political
setting, when human beings live together, their desires to acquire interfere with one another, and
form arises. In The Prince, Machiavelli proclaims that in every city and every principality, “two
diverse humors are found” [P 9:39; compare 19:7613]: the people and the great. These humors
are defined by their characteristic appetites: “the people desire neither to be commanded nor
oppressed by the great, and the great desire to command and oppress the people” [P 9:39].14 In
the Discourses, Machiavelli calls these humors the nobles and the ignobles, and writes,
“[w]ithout doubt, if one considers the end of the nobles and of the ignobles, one will see great
desire to dominate in the former, and in the latter only desire not to be dominated; and in
consequence, a greater will to live free, being less able to hope to usurp it” – that is, to usurp
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 8
freedom – “than are the great” [D I.5.2:18].15
Lest we think that Machiavelli means that the people or the ignobles do not desire to
acquire, and that his two humors are therefore different natures,16 rather than ramifications of the
desire to acquire, Machiavelli points in the Discourses to their common source. Having just
characterized the difference between the nobles and the ignobles, he restates it paragraphs later
as the difference between “those who desire to acquire” and “those who fear to lose what they
have acquired,” and then explains that tumults are most frequently generated by those who
possess, because “the fear of losing generates in [them] the same wishes that are in those who
desire to acquire; for it does not appear to men that they possess securely what a man has unless
he acquires something else new” [D I.5.4:19].17 Machiavelli thereby blurs the difference
between the people and the great: fearing to lose has the same effects as desiring to acquire.
Later in the Discourses he makes much the same point, insisting that the difference between a
prince’s and a people’s way of proceeding “arises not from a diverse nature – because it is in one
mode in all” [D I.58.3:117], and that the popular desire for freedom is an effect of the desire to
acquire [D II.2.1:129].18 If these assertions are not enough, Machiavelli also tells a characteristic
story in the Discourses about Clearchus, the tyrant of Heraclea, who, finding himself caught
“between the insolence of the aristocrats… and the rage of the people,” “decided to free himself
at one stroke from the vexation of the great and to win over the people to himself.” By having
all the aristocrats cut to pieces, “he satisfied one of the wishes that peoples have – that is, to be
avenged. But as to the other popular desire,” Machiavelli continues, “to recover freedom, since
the prince cannot satisfy it, he should examine what causes are those that make [peoples] desire
to be free. He will find that a small part of them desires to be free so as to command, but all the
others, who are infinite, desire freedom so as to live secure” [D I.16.5:46]. Even if the humor of
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 9
the great is eliminated from a city or a principality, the remaining popular humor reforms itself
into two humors: the people, and the great.
These Machiavellian indications that the humors of the people and the great are
ramifications of the more fundamental desire to acquire also indicate that it is political life that
chiefly causes these ramifications. In isolation the desire to acquire knows only the feelings of
pleasurable increase or disgusting stasis; the desire to oppress, on the one hand, and the fear of
oppression on the other arise only in the political encounter with other more or less powerful
desires to acquire. Machiavelli acknowledges this in his brief account of the origins of political
life in the Discourses. “[S]ince the inhabitants were sparse in the beginning of the world,” he
writes, “they lived dispersed for a time like beasts; then, as generations multiplied, they gathered
together, and to be able to defend themselves better, they began to look to whoever among them
was more robust and of greater heart, and they made him a head, as it were, and obeyed him” [D
I.2.3:11].19 Thus arose the universal political struggle between the two humors, in which the
great give reputation to one of their number “so that they can satisfy their appetite under his
shadow,” while the people give reputation to one of the great “so as to be defended with his
authority” [P 9:39].20
The desire to acquire also has internal consequences: namely, the ramification of the
present into the past and the future. Like any desire, the desire to acquire involves opposing a
painful, factual present to a pleasant, counterfactual future. A being animated by such a desire
must be able to distinguish what it actually possesses from what it might possess, in order to
direct itself away from the former and toward the latter. So a being who desires to acquire, in
particular, must have memory, a continuing sense of its possessions, and foresight, a sense of
what its possessions might become. In the healthy case, its memory will be the basis of its
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 10
dissatisfaction with the present, and its foresight, the basis of its hope for the future. As
Machiavelli puts it in the Discourses, the insatiability of human appetites makes men “blame the
present times, praise the past, and desire the future, even if they are not moved to do this by any
reasonable cause” [D II.P.3:125].
It is the people or the ignobles in particular who blame the present and praise the past,
since their knowledge of the past is less accurate than their knowledge of the present, and past
things in general are neither feared nor envied [D II.P.1:123]. Moreover, memory supports the
popular form of the desire to acquire – the fear of loss – by preserving an inaccurate but
venerable past, and arguing that excellence consists in this preservation [D I.10.2:31]. Memory
encourages men to honor the past and obey the present, and thereby discourages conspiracies [D
III.6.1:218]. And when it involves fearsome events, memory can bring a state back to its
beginnings, and so preserve it [D III.1.3:211]. Perhaps unsurprisingly, memory is therefore also
an obstacle to the great or the nobles’ desire to acquire, especially when acquisition brings
innovation [P 2:7, 4:19, 5:21]. It is the first concern of new sects to eliminate the memory of
their predecessors, for example [D II.5.1:139]. But memory can also serve the foresight of the
great: if it helps to maintain a nation in the same customs for a long time, it makes it easy for
human beings to know future things by past ones [D III.43.1:302; compare I.39.1:83-84].21
Since the future is on this account the realm of hoped-for acquisition by the great, or
feared loss by the people, while the present is the realm of real possession, whether unsatisfying
to the great or satisfying to the people, the ramification of the present into the past and the future
is also a differentiation between the factual and counterfactual worlds, or between the real and
the imaginary. Taken together, the humors of the people and the great and the ramification of
the present into the past and the future explain the typical progressivism of the great, who want
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 11
to live in the future that their desire to acquire foresees, and the typical conservatism of the
people, who want to remain free of this future.22 Taken together, these forms of the desire to
acquire explain why each of Machiavelli’s humors has its corresponding understanding of human
excellence.
II
So far we have considered the desire to acquire as the core of human nature, according to
Machiavelli. We have also sketched the chief implications of this desire, showing how in
political settings it issues in a progressive great and a conservative people. Each of these
humors, it turns out, also has a characteristic understanding of human excellence: for the people
excellence is goodness, and for the great, excellence is virtue [D I.17.1-3:47-48; compare MV,
24-25]. We will discover, as we try next to fill in the content of goodness and virtue according
to Machiavelli, that the difference between goodness and virtue is also connected to his famous
distinction, made in The Prince, between the “effectual truth” and “imagined republics and
principalities” [P 15:61].
Perhaps because of its focus on the perspective of the great, goodness is only mentioned
twice in The Prince, both times in an ironic and disparaging way. Having begun his
consideration of ecclesiastical principalities with the claim that they are maintained without
virtue or fortune, Machiavelli concludes with the pious hope that “with his goodness and infinite
other virtues” Pope Leo X will make the pontificate “very great and venerable” [P 11:47]. In a
likeminded remark later in the book, during his survey of the fates of the Roman emperors,
Machiavelli notes that Emperor Alexander was of such goodness that he never made use of
summary execution. But he was also held to be effeminate, for which he was despised,
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 12
conspired against, and assassinated [P 19:77]. These examples distinguish goodness from virtue,
and can hardly be said to recommend goodness to a prince. In the Discourses, by contrast, there
is a fuller and less dismissive discussion of goodness. Machiavelli claims that it is the
characteristic excellence of peoples, as opposed to princes, writing that if the glories and the
disorders of princes be reviewed, “the people will be seen to be by far superior in goodness and
glory.” Princes, he explains, are superior to peoples in ordering, but peoples are superior to
princes in maintaining the things ordered – which is why they attain the glory of those who order
[D I.58.3:118]. Despite having characteristically retracted half of his praise of peoples,
Machiavelli leaves them with their superiority in goodness.
This excellence consists, then, in maintaining what is ordered at the founding of a sect, a
republic, or a kingdom, and promulgated by education [D III.1.2:209; III.30.1:280]: namely, the
laws, which are maintained by being obeyed by the people. Both peoples and princes show
goodness when they obey, and so are restrained by, the laws [D I.58.2:116; compare
III.24.1:270, III.46.1:307]. Indeed, early in the Discourses Machiavelli asserts, “the knowledge
of things honest and good” first arose out of the people’s obedience to the great. “[S]eeing that if
one individual hurt his benefactor,” he explains,
hatred and compassion among men came from it, and as they blamed the
ungrateful and honored those who were grateful, and thought too that those same
injuries could be done to them, to escape like evil they were reduced to making
laws and ordering punishments for whoever acted against them: hence came the
knowledge of justice [D I.2.3:11-12].
Now because goodness consists chiefly in obedience to the laws, it is closely connected
to religion as the basis of the laws [D I.11.3:35; I.55.2:110, 111], and to conscience as their
internal enforcement [D I.27.1:62; I.55.2:110]. Through obedience to the laws, goodness
procures and defends freedom [D I.17.1:47], which as we have seen is the goal of the people’s
modified desire to acquire. Lest we think that goodness consists solely in obedience to the laws,
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 13
Machiavelli mentions one example that “shows how much goodness and how much religion”
were in the Roman people. When the Senate issued an unpopular edict that required the plebs to
sacrifice to Apollo a tenth of the booty taken in a recent victory, “the plebs thought not of
defrauding the edict in any part by giving less than it owed, but of freeing itself from it by
showing open indignation” [D I.55.1:110]. Goodness consists chiefly in obedience to the laws,
but perhaps more importantly, in the refusal to use fraud even when one disobeys. It is almost
the same thing as honesty.
Machiavelli signals, in several places, that the opposite of goodness is corruption [D
I.17.1:47; I.55.1:110; III.1.2:209; III.30.1:280]. But there is reason to think that a more
thoroughgoing opposite to this excellence of the people is the excellence of the great, virtue.
This is not just because, as we have seen, Machiavelli is contemptuous of goodness in his book
on princes, nor just because the superiority of princes to peoples in ordering means that they
must destroy a prior order that others are trying to maintain. It is not just because virtue is
inimical to goodness. Rather, it is because goodness can also be inimical to virtue. We see how
so in one of the examples Machiavelli gives to illustrate the goodness of the matter and the
orders of Rome: that of Manlius Capitolinus, who found no one to support his rebellion against
the Senate and laws, and was condemned by the Roman people to death. “I do not believe that
there is an example in this history more apt to show the goodness of all the orders of that
republic than this,” Machiavelli concludes, “seeing that no one in that city moved to defend a
citizen full of every virtue, who publicly and privately had performed very many praiseworthy
works” [D III.8.1:238].23
In contrast to his account of goodness, Machiavelli’s account of virtue is developed more
fully in The Prince, and in particular in the book’s second half, Chapters Fifteen and following,
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 14
where he turns to consider “what the modes and government of a prince should be with subjects
and with friends” [P 15:61]. This statement of what remains of his project implies that the first
half of the book considered what the modes and government of a prince should be with
foreigners and with enemies; and when we see that the explicit subject of the first half of The
Prince is “How Many Are the Kinds of Principalities and in What Modes They Are Acquired”
[P 1.T:5] – that is acquisition – this implication is confirmed. We seem to be on a firm
Machiavellian footing: with foreigners and enemies the prince follows the desire to acquire,
while with subjects and friends he practices virtue. The generality of Machiavelli’s opening
statement on virtue might therefore come as a surprise. “A man who wants to make a profession
of good in all regards must come to ruin among so many who are not good,” he writes. “Hence it
is necessary to a prince, if he wants to maintain himself, to learn to be able not to be good, and to
use this and not use it according to necessity” [P 15:61]. Necessity, and not the difference
between friend and enemy, or subject and foreigner, determines whether the prince should be
good or wicked. The “so many who are not good” include friend and foe alike. To be able to act
as necessity demands, we will learn, is virtue.
Machiavelli connects his new account of virtue to his famous move from the imagination
of a thing to its effectual truth, or from how one should live to how one lives [P 15:61]. Before
considering this connection, though, let’s follow his development of this account of virtue in the
chapter of The Prince devoted to whether a prince should be honest. Since combat with laws –
what we might call the combat of the good – is often not enough, one must have recourse to
combat with arms: so “it is necessary for a prince to know well how to use the beast and the
man” [P 18:69]. The ancients understood this necessity, and communicated it by depicting the
centaur Chiron as the teacher of Achilles. “To have as a teacher a half-beast, half-man,”
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 15
Machiavelli writes, “means nothing other than that a prince needs to know how to use both
natures” [P 18.69]. We have mentioned that Machiavelli is willing to say that there is a nature of
princes [P ED:4]: this nature now seems to be something more comprehensive than the nature of
a man or the nature of a beast, if it is capable of using, or imitating [P 19:78], both of these
natures. “Thus, since a prince is compelled of necessity to know well how to use the beast,”
Machiavelli continues, “he should pick the fox and the lion, because the lion does not defend
itself from snares and the fox does not defend itself from wolves. So one needs to be a fox to
recognize snares and a lion to frighten the wolves” [P 18:69]. Each animal, then, has a single
defect that is remedied by the other: the fox’s astuteness remedies the lion’s gullibility, while the
lion’s fierceness remedies the fox’s contemptibility [compare P 19:79].
But if each of the two bestial natures that the prince should use has a single defect that is
remedied by the other, what use does the prince have for the other component of the centaur: the
nature of a man? Machiavelli has implied that this nature is needed for combat with laws, since
this is “proper to man” [P 18:69]; but we would be forgiven for doubting him, since he has also
claimed, six chapters earlier, that good arms are the necessary and sufficient condition of good
laws [P 12:48]. We might begin to suspect that combat with arms is also sufficient, and that the
prince who knows well how to use the nature of the fox and the lion has no need of the nature of
man in addition – that he could be entirely inhuman, all beast. But Machiavelli has more to say.
“[I]f all men were good, this teaching would not be good,” – if all men were honest, that is, there
would be no snares, and it would suffice for a prince to be a lion – “but because they are wicked
and do not observe faith with you, you also do not have to observe it with them” [P 18:69].
There are infinite modern examples, he claims, in which “the one who has known best how to
use the fox has come out best,” because a faithless prince has ensnared the gullible. “But it is
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 16
necessary,” Machiavelli continues, “to know well how to color this nature, and to be a great
pretender and dissembler; and men are so simple and so obedient to present necessities that he
who deceives will always find someone who will let himself be deceived” [P 18:70]. The nature
of the fox needs to be colored because its astuteness is limited to recognizing snares, as opposed
to setting them. There is a use for the nature of man after all: it equips an otherwise brutish
virtue with the specifically human ability to lie.
In restating his conclusion, Machiavelli makes it clear that his discussion of “In What
Mode Faith Should Be Kept by Princes” [P 18.T:68] is really a discussion of his account of all
virtue, which is to say a discussion “Of Those Things for Which Men And Especially Princes
Are Praised or Blamed” [P 15.T:61], or a discussion of human excellence in general. “[I]t is not
necessary,” he writes, “for a prince to have all the above-mentioned qualities [the traditional
virtues and vices] in fact, but it is indeed necessary to appear to have them” [P 18:70; compare
15:62]. Lest we infer that it is necessary to have some of these qualities, he then sharpens his
restatement: since “by having them and always observing them, they are harmful; and by
appearing to have them, they are useful,” it is necessary to “remain with a spirit built [edificato]
so that, if you need not to be those things, you are able and know how to change to the contrary”
[P 18:70]. To use a nature, or to imitate a nature, turns out to mean not to have but to appear to
have that nature. But to appear to have a nature one does not have is to lie. So the specifically
human ability to lie seems sufficient to generate the appearance of, and therefore sufficient to
make use of, all the other natures a virtuous prince might need.
This reading is supported by the discussion of Severus in the next chapter of The Prince.
Since Severus was a new prince whose actions were great and notable, Machiavelli wants “to
show briefly how well he knew to use the persons of the fox and the lion, whose natures I say
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 17
above are necessary for a prince to imitate” [P 19:78]. These natures are now persons, things
that can be impersonated. “[W]hoever examines minutely the actions of this man will find him a
very fierce lion and a very astute fox” [P 19:79], Machiavelli continues, again omitting to
mention the person or nature of a man. But it turns out that being like Severus is not sufficient
for the best kind of prince: “a new prince in a new principality… should take from Severus those
parts which are necessary to found his state and from Marcus [Aurelius] those which are fitting
and glorious to conserve a state that is already established and firm” [P 19:82]. Since we know
from the Discourses that those parts are called goodness, we might conclude that this is the use
of the nature of a man. But Marcus was an enemy of cruelty [P 19:76], whereas Severus was
very cruel [P 19:78], so the new prince who combines their parts will be neither, though he will
know how to appear to be both. In other words, the virtuous desire to acquire uses the
specifically human ability to lie to impersonate a man, just as much as to impersonate a lion or a
fox.
Understood in this way, the nature of the prince is something built, rather than something
grown. But this is also true of the nature of peoples. Recall Machiavelli’s practice of referring
to the people as “matter” to be formed by the prince [P 6:23; 26:102, 104], and his claims that
knowledge of goodness arises from obedient gratitude to the great, and knowledge of justice
from laws to protect against ingratitude [D I.2.3:11-12]. If the excellence of the people is
goodness, the maintenance of orders founded by the great, then the nature of peoples is
something built by the great, just as the nature of the great is something built by the great
themselves. The great, we might say, and especially the prince, give form both to their own
formless desire to acquire, and to that of the human beings around them. And they are guided in
this formation by necessity.
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Machiavelli means this foundation on necessity to justify his claim in The Prince that by
departing from the orders of others in his discussion of virtue and goodness, and focusing on “the
effectual truth of the thing” rather than on the imagination of it, he is writing something “useful
to whoever understands it” [P 15:61]. Imaginary republics like Plato’s and imaginary
principalities like Christ’s, which “have never been seen or known to exist in truth,” are used to
illustrate how one should live – that is, they are used to support goodness. Real republics and
principalities, by contrast, are used by Machiavelli to illustrate how one does live. That there is a
difference between how one should live and how one does live is a sign of the failure of the
imaginary realm to make human beings completely good, and a sign of the need to turn to the
real. “Hence it is necessary for a prince,” Machiavelli concludes, “if he wants to maintain
himself, to learn to be able not to be good, and to use this and not use it according to necessity”
[P 15:61].
So the virtuous live in the realm of the real, according to Machiavelli, while the good live
for the most part in the realm of the imaginary, or the counterfactual. The virtuous live in the
present, which exists, while the good live mostly in the future, which does not. What is
surprising about this conclusion is that it exactly contraries the conclusion we came to in our
analysis of the desire to acquire, which had the humor of the people seeking to maintain present
possessions, and the humor of the great hoping for future acquisitions. In other words, each
humor of human nature, each way that the desire to acquire expresses itself in a political setting,
must need the native realm of the other. The good people need an imaginary future because their
desire to acquire, frustrated by the competing desires of the great, is limited in the real world to a
hope for maintenance; only in another world, or in a city in speech, can they hope to avenge their
subordination and become great. The virtuous great, by contrast, need the present because their
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 19
practice of lying – that is, their construction of imaginary worlds – for the sake of future
acquisition needs to be informed by present necessities imposed by the people they are lying to;
in other words, they require goodness for their virtue to be effectual. The difference between
goodness and virtue, we could say, is the difference between an ignorant self-deception and a
knowing deception of others.
III
Having concluded our sketch of Machiavelli’s view of human nature, understood as the
desire to acquire, with its two humors and their corresponding excellences, we might begin to
wonder whether this view is true. This is too big a question to explore in the final part of this
lecture, though Machiavelli’s view does have the merit of explaining a common moral
phenomenon: the concern of those who are trying to be good, that they might be the dupes of
those who are not. Instead, this final part is devoted to a narrower, though related, question: does
Machiavelli think that his account of human nature is true?
Recall that in the fifteenth chapter of The Prince Machiavelli claims to turn from the
imagination of a thing to its effectual truth, and from how one should live to how one lives [P
15:61]. He makes these claims right after announcing his turn to “what the modes and
government of a prince should be with subjects and with friends” [P 15:61], and presumably
away from what his modes and government should be with foreigners and with enemies. The
first chapter of The Prince, by contrast, refers in its title to the modes in which principalities are
acquired [P I.T:5], and so announces the subject of the first part of the work. The suggestion in
both parts of The Prince, then, is that what human beings should do follows directly from what
they in fact do. What human beings in fact do provides the content of necessity, on the basis of
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 20
which virtue acts. Moreover, Machiavelli’s distinctions between foreigners and subjects, or
between foes and friends, vanish from the perspective of necessity. The first part of The Prince
focuses on acquisition, and so on foreigners and foes, but it treats in the same spirit how
acquisitions are maintained, and so mentions subjects and friends [for example, P 7:29-30].
Similarly, the second part focuses on how the prince should treat subjects and friends, but the
virtues that Machiavelli discusses in this part are needed also for dealing with foreigners and foes
[for example, P 17:67-68]. Perhaps the clearest indication that these divisions vanish from the
perspective of necessity is the title of the fifteenth chapter of The Prince, “Of Those Things for
Which Men and Especially Princes Are Praised or Blamed” [P 15.T:61]. Attentive readers will
remember that Machiavelli has already, much earlier in the work, said what these things are:
“truly it is a very natural and ordinary thing to desire to acquire, and when men do it who can,
they will be praised or not blamed; but when they cannot, and want to do it anyway, here lie the
error and the blame” [P 3:14-15]. The difference between the first and the second parts of The
Prince is the difference between what human beings do to acquire, and what they ought to do.
The first part of the work is chiefly descriptive, the second chiefly hortatory; and Machiavelli’s
exhortation is based on his description: men should learn not to be good – that is, to be virtuous –
because men are not good – that is, they are corrupt. In other words, Machiavelli’s exhortation
to virtue requires two things to be true: that men are corrupt, and that there is a difference
between corruption and virtue. Let’s look at each of these criteria in turn.
One objection to Machiavelli’s claim that men are corrupt is that this may accidentally be
so, but it is not so necessarily. As we have seen, human nature, according to Machiavelli,
consists of a matter that is not specifically human, the desire to acquire, that can be formed to
have specifically human excellences, goodness and virtue. In other words, human nature is
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 21
malleable. (Moreover, Machiavelli is evasive about what is specifically human in goodness and
virtue: in The Prince, as we have seen, he guardedly identifies fraud, which uses or imitates
brutish natures, as specifically human; but since fraud merely serves the desire to acquire, it does
not serve a specifically human end.) In the Discourses Machiavelli makes this malleability more
explicit when commenting on Livy’s disparaging claim that the French begin battles as more
than men, but end them as less than women. “Thinking over whence this arises,” he writes, “it is
believed by many that their nature is made so, which I believe is true; but because of this it is not
that their nature, which makes them ferocious at the beginning, cannot be ordered with art, so
that it maintains them ferocious to the last” [D III.36.1:292]. To be precise, the nature of the
French makes them ferocious at the beginning of battles; it is the failure of this nature that makes
their ferocity lapse. This failure can be avoided, and their nature maintained, by the order
imparted by art. The Roman army, Machiavelli indicates later in the same chapter, exemplifies
such ordering. Nothing its soldiers did was not regulated: “they did not eat, they did not sleep,
they did not go whoring, they did not perform any action either military or domestic without the
order of the consul” [D III.36.2:292]. Not only can the difference between male and female be
maintained by art; art can also constrain the natural movements of growth and reproduction.
This artful ordering of nature produces the excellences that Machiavelli names goodness and
virtue.
But Machiavelli also admits in the Discourses that there are limits to what art can achieve
with its human material. He mentions two reasons why we are unable to change our natures as
necessity demands: “one, that we are unable to oppose that to which nature inclines us; the other,
that when one individual has prospered very much with one mode of proceeding, it is not
possible to persuade him that he can do well to proceed otherwise” [D III.9.3:240]. These
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reasons, which correspond to Machiavelli’s injunction in The Prince that one must both be able
to change one’s nature, and know how to do so [P 18:70], suggest that the limits to malleability
are imposed by the energy and the opinions of each human being.24 Since there will not always
be a human being available with the needed energy and opinions to do what necessity demands
in each case – and this is especially so if, as Machiavelli implies, success renders one’s opinions
inflexible – art will eventually fail to order nature, with a consequent failure of virtue and of the
goodness it orders. A permanently good human order, then, is not to be hoped for, despite the
malleability of human nature. Corruption is necessary, and so virtue is needed.
The requirement that virtue be different from corruption is trickier to establish. We have
seen that both of these forms of human nature are opposed to goodness; they differ because
virtue in departing from goodness looks to a different standard, necessity, whereas corruption in
departing from goodness does not. The difference between virtue and corruption depends, then,
on the existence of knowable necessities in human life. Now we have seen Machiavelli write as
though necessities are knowable by human beings; this is what he seems to mean when he urges
princes to “learn to be able not to be good, and to use this and not use it according to necessity”
[P 15:61].25 In other words, Machiavelli seems to think that there is a science of necessities. But
in The Prince and the Discourses taken together, Machiavelli mentions science only twice: both
times in a chapter late in the Discourses that asserts that a captain must be a knower of sites, or
of “the nature of countries” [D III.39.T:297; III.39.2:299]. The argument of this chapter closely
parallels that of a similar chapter in The Prince, titled “What a Prince Should Do Regarding the
Military” [P 14.T:58] – a chapter where, admittedly, science is not mentioned. In these two
places, Machiavelli advises that princes, captains, and the great should train in hunting, part of
the practical mode of the peaceful exercise of the art of war [P 14:59].26 Hunting yields
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particular knowledge of the country in which one trains. “First,” Machiavelli writes in The
Prince, “one learns to know one’s own country, and one can better understand its defense; then,
through the knowledge of and experience with those sites, one can comprehend with ease every
other site that it may be necessary to explore as new” [P 14:59]. Particular knowledge becomes
general knowledge, and defensive ability becomes offensive ability, because of a “certain
similarity” between the corresponding features in every country, “so that from the knowledge of
a site in one province one can easily come to the knowledge of others” [P 14:59].27 Machiavelli
makes sweeping claims for his science of sites. Not only is it necessary for a captain to have this
“general and particular knowledge” of “sites and countries” if he wants to work anything well [D
III.39.1:297-298], but it will allow a prince to know “all the chances that can occur to an army”
[P 14:60]. While Philopoemen, Machiavelli’s example of a possessor of this science, led his
army, “there could never arise any unforeseen event for which he did not have the remedy” [P
14:60]. As long as we have the energy to be able to act as necessity demands, the science of sites
guarantees that we will know how to do so.
We might grant Machiavelli’s claim that there are no supernatural kingdoms: that
because all countries are alike in nature, knowledge of one leads to knowledge of all. But why
does he think that a perfected science of sites allows a prince to overcome fortune? A sentence
from the Discourses is helpful here. “Whoever has this practice,” Machiavelli writes, “knows
with one glance of his eye how that plain lies, how that mountain rises, where this valley reaches,
and all other things of which he has in the past made a firm science” [D III.39.2.298]. This talk
of plains, mountains, and valleys should remind us of the comparison in the Dedicatory Letter of
The Prince, between the natures of peoples and of princes, on the one hand, and the natures of
mountains or high places and of low places, on the other [P DL:4]. By limiting his use of the
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word “science” in The Prince and the Discourses to the science of sites, Machiavelli indicates
that there is no science specific to human beings, nor even one specific to living beings. Human
nature and living nature are continuous with nonliving nature, and psychology is continuous with
geography – or better, with physics. The malleability of human nature, then, is great enough that
nonhuman and nonliving phenomena are imitable by human beings, but not so great that human
beings become incalculable as a result.28 Just as there are no superhuman kingdoms, there are no
supermen – though as we have seen there are centaurs.
This understanding of Machiavelli’s science of sites is puzzling, though, because it seems
to require a descriptive treatment of virtue, rather than the hortatory one that we find in the
second part of The Prince. If human beings are as determined and predictable as nonhuman
bodies, why not describe what they do, rather than fruitlessly exhorting them to behave otherwise
than they do? In particular, we would expect Machiavelli to insist that princes do learn to be
able not to be good, and to use it according to necessity, to the extent that they have the most
excellent form of the desire to acquire. Instead, as we have seen, he insists, “it is necessary for a
prince, if he wants to maintain himself, to learn to be able not to be good, and to use this and not
use it according to necessity” [P 15:61; emphasis added]. Now what sense does this condition,
“if he wants to maintain himself,” make in the light of Machiavelli’s claim that all human beings,
and the great above all, are driven by the desire to acquire? Since acquisition presupposes the
persistence of the acquiring being, how could a prince not want to maintain himself?29
In the chapter of The Prince devoted to conspiracies, Machiavelli admits that there exist
very rare human beings with “an obstinate spirit,” who do not care about death. A prince cannot
avoid death at the hands of such a conspirator, because “anyone who does not care about death
can harm him” [P 19:79]. Since the threat of death and the consequent loss of all one’s
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 25
acquisitions – the threat of ruin, as Machiavelli puts it – is the paramount necessity faced by
human beings [for example, P 15:61], these very rare human beings apparently fall outside the
scope of this necessity, and therefore outside the scope of the science of sites.30 There is no
remedy available to princes for such unforeseen events. We might expect Machiavelli to try to
account for the existence of such human beings by tracing their obstinacy back to the desire to
acquire, saying, for example, that they do not care about death because they hope for an afterlife
in which they will be rewarded. But he does not do so; instead, he says only that they are
motivated by the desire to avenge a “grave injury” [P 19:79-80; see also D III.6.11:227] – a
desire that can be satisfied in this life, even if one does not long survive its satisfaction.
In the Discourses Machiavelli claims, “private men enter upon no enterprise more
dangerous or more bold” than a conspiracy against a prince [D III.6.1:218; see also III.6.4:223].
In The Prince, by contrast, he writes, “nothing is more difficult to handle, more doubtful of
success, nor more dangerous to manage, than to put oneself at the head of new orders” [P 6:23].
The obstinate spirit one needs to brave the greatest danger in a conspiracy is presumably also
needed to brave the greatest danger in founding something entirely new, for every new
foundation begins as a conspiracy against the old. We might wonder, then, whether this account
of human nature is adequate to explain the activity of the new prince, or even Machiavelli’s own
activity. Is Machiavelli himself motivated by the desire to acquire? We cannot seriously believe
that a virtuous possessor of the science of sites, for whom, as long as he is armed, no accident
can arise for which he does not have the remedy [P 14:60], could be compelled to endure a
“great and continuous malignity of fortune” [P DL:4]. Machiavelli does make it seem, at the
beginning of the Dedicatory Letter of The Prince, that he desires “to acquire favor with a Prince”
[P DL:3]; but in the Preface to the first book of the Discourses he claims instead that he has
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 26
always had a “natural desire… to work, without any respect, for those things I believe will bring
common benefit to everyone” [D I.P.1:5].
These doubts about Machiavelli’s science of sites – that it ought to preclude the hortatory
character of the second part of The Prince, and that it cannot account for human beings who are
contemptuous of death – suggest that the account of human nature in The Prince and the
Discourses is partial, and that Machiavelli knows it.31 Through these works he means to shape
human nature, to the extent that it can be shaped, by an education that claims that human nature
is more malleable and more predictable than Machiavelli really thinks it is. For the sake of the
common benefit, he means to persuade the great to act as if they are acting only according to
necessity. This project would amount to nothing more than a curiosity in the history of political
thought were it not for its remarkable success. We are the indirect beneficiaries of Machiavelli’s
questionable attempt: we who believe that our natures are malleable, especially by technology;
we who believe in rights founded only on necessities; we who believe ourselves great because of
the dream of acquisition without limit; we who believe in progress, and in the necessity of a
better future; and we who believe ourselves to be the people whose acquisitions the laws of
nature and of nature’s God secure. Without attention to Machiavelli’s account of human nature
we run the risk of remaining the unconscious inheritors at third hand of a partial account, of a
project, posing as a science, to narrow human possibilities through education. We risk being
Machiavellians without knowing it. How is this to the common benefit of everyone?
Jeff J.S. Black
Annapolis, Maryland
20 June 2012
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Notes
1
References to The Prince and to the Discourses will be given in the text, in the forms [P Chapter:page] and [D
Book.chapter.paragraph:page], respectively. In these references, DL stands for dedicatory letter, P for preface, and
T for title. The editions used are Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince. A New Translation with an Introduction, by
Harvey C. Mansfield, Jr. (Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1985), and Niccolò Machiavelli,
Discourses on Livy. Translated by Harvey C. Mansfield and Nathan Tarcov. (Chicago and London: The University
of Chicago Press, 1996). I also refer to Harvey C. Mansfield, Machiavelli's New Modes and Orders: A Study of the
Discourses on Livy. (Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2001) in the form [MNMO, page]; to
Harvey C. Mansfield, Machiavelli's Virtue. (Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1996) in the
form [MV, page]; and to Leo Strauss, Thoughts on Machiavelli. (Chicago and London: The University of Chicago
Press, 1958) in the form [TM, page].
2
In the former passage, Machiavelli writes, “states that come to be suddenly, like all other things in nature that are
born and grow quickly, cannot have roots and branches” [P 7:26], while in the latter he writes that a man cannot be
found who is so prudent to accommodate himself to changes in fortune, in part “because he cannot deviate from
what nature inclines him to” [P 25:100]. In two passages in the Discourses analogous to the latter passage in The
Prince, Machiavelli writes that we are unable to change in part because “we are unable to oppose that to which
nature inclines us” [D III.9.3:240], and “it is given by nature to men to take sides in any divided thing whatever, and
for this to please them more than that” [D III.27.3:275]. In these last three passages we might expect Machiavelli to
write “his nature” or “our nature,” but he does not. There is one passage in the Discourses where he refers to “the
wicked nature of men” [D III.29.1:277], but he makes the reference while quoting a view with which he does not
agree.
3
In nearby chapters at the beginning of The Prince, Machiavelli uses the phrases “natural prince” [P 2:7] and
“natural affection” [P 4:17] to refer to the prince who inherits a principality and the affection felt for him. The
natural and the ordinary are closely connected at this point in the work, and they both refer primarily to the sequence
of human generation. The new prince is opposed to the natural or ordinary prince in Machiavelli’s argument, and
the natural and ordinary is both an obstacle and an opportunity for him.
4
Machiavelli may mean to contrast these “universal causes” with the “superior causes” that he mentions in his
discussion of ecclesiastical principalities [P 11:45].
5
“[T]ime sweeps everything before it and can bring with it good as well as evil and evil as well as good” [P 3:13],
according to Machiavelli, and “worldly things are so variable that it is next to impossible for one to stand with his
armies idle in a siege for a year” [P 10:44]. There is another reference to an “order of things” much later in The
Prince: “in the order of things it is found that one never seeks to avoid one inconvenience without running into
another; but prudence consists in knowing how to recognize the qualities of inconveniences, and in picking the less
bad as good” [P 21:91].
6
“[O]ne can say this generally of men,” Machiavelli writes, “that they are ungrateful, fickle, pretenders and
dissemblers, evaders of danger, eager for gain. While you do them good, they are yours, offering you their blood,
property, lives, and children… when the need for them is far away; but, when it is close to you, they revolt” [P
17:66]. Having taught his reader later in The Prince that a prudent lord cannot observe faith, he continues, “if all
men were good, this teaching would not be good; but because they are wicked and do not observe faith with you,
you also do not have to observe it with them” [P 18:69]. Indeed, “men will always turn out bad for you unless they
have been made good by a necessity” [P 23:95]. Machiavelli’s other claims about the apparently abiding character
of men include, “men in general judge more by their eyes than by their hands, because seeing is given to everyone,
touching to a few” [P 18:71], and, “men are much more taken by present things than by past ones, and when they
find good in the present, they enjoy it and do not seek elsewhere” [P 24:96].
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7
Machiavelli repeats this claim much later in the Discourses, in a way that suggests an amendment. “Prudent men
are accustomed to say,” he writes, “and not by chance or without merit, that whoever wishes to see what has to be
considers what has been; for all worldly things in every time have their own counterpart in ancient times. That
arises because these are the work of men, who have and always had the same passions, and they must of necessity
result in the same effect” [D III.43.1:302]. What prudent men say by custom rather than by chance, and not without
merit, is then corrected by what Machiavelli says in the immediate sequel: that it is true that the works of men “are
more virtuous now in this province than in that, and in that more than in this, according to the form of education in
which those people have taken their mode of life” [D III.43.1:302]. Education can shape nature, such that “Men
Who Are Born in One Province Observe Almost the Same Nature for All Times” [D III.43.T:302; emphasis added].
Similarly, when investigating “Whence It Arises That One Family in One City Keeps the Same Customs for a Time”
[D III.46.T:306], Machiavelli argues that this “cannot arise solely from the bloodline, because that must vary
through the diversity of marriages, but it necessarily comes from the diverse education of one family from another”
[D III.46.1:306].
8
“How Many Are the Kinds of Principalities and in What Modes They Are Acquired” [P 1.T:5]; “Of New
Principalities That Are Acquired through One’s Own Arms and Virtue” [P 6.T:21]; “Of New Principalities That are
Acquired by Others’ Arms and Fortune” [P 7.T:25].
9
This suggests another reason why Chapter XV, titled “Of Those Things for Which Men And Especially Princes are
Praised or Blamed” [P 15.T:61] is also about acquisition.
10
The desire to acquire thus amounts to a desire for novelty. Later in the Discourses Machiavelli writes “men are
desirous of new things, so much that most often those who are well off desire newness as much as those who are
badly off. For, as was said another time [at D I.37.1:78], and it is true, men get bored with the good and grieve in
the ill” [D III.21.2:263].
11
And just as reproduction is growth by other means, so are one’s offspring and their acquisitions one’s own
acquisitions, by other means. Consider Machiavelli’s hints about how Alexander VI used Cesare Borgia [P 11:46].
Death is not simply a limit of the desire to acquire. But compare note 27, below.
Machiavelli does occasionally refer to a good that is the goal of acquisition. For example, in the
Discourses he writes,
[i]t appears that in the actions of men, as we have discoursed of another time [D I.6.3:21-22,
where he wrote of “inconveniences”], besides the other difficulties in wishing to bring a thing to
its perfection, one finds that close to the good there is always some evil that arises with that good
so easily that it appears impossible to be able to miss the one if one wishes for the other. One sees
this in all the things that men work on. So the good is acquired only with difficulty unless you are
aided by fortune, so that with its force it conquers this ordinary and natural inconvenience” [D
III.37.1:294].
But it is not clear that by “the good” here Machiavelli means anything other than any acquisition that can be felt and
so enjoyed.
Also, there are occasional hints in The Prince and the Discourses that some acquisitions can be harmful to
the body that acquires them. In The Prince Machiavelli first raises the possibility of such acquisitions when he tells
his reader that to keep an acquisition the prince must ensure that the acquired body becomes “one whole body” with
the acquiring body [P 3:9]. If the new acquisition instead remains disparate with respect to the prince’s other
possessions, then he runs the risk of losing it. A powerful foreigner can easily gain the lesser powers in a disparate
province, since the lesser powers, moved by their envy of their rulers, quickly and willingly make “one mass” with
the foreign invader [P 3:11]. A prince who rules a disparate state, and who fails to prevent powerful foreigners from
taking advantage of this disparity, will soon lose his new acquisition, and “while he holds it, [he] will have infinite
difficulties and vexations within it” [P 3:11]. So acquisitions can be harmful to the prince and his state as long as
they remain disparate with his other possessions; in general, Machiavelli claims, “the disparity in the subject”
explains why some conquerors hold their acquisitions while others lose them [P 4:19]. This disparity can be
eliminated, and the new acquisition made into one whole body with the acquiring state, by eliminating the new
acquisition’s memory of its previous way of life [P 4:19] – that is, by making the acquisition more complete.
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 29
Acquisition in Machiavelli’s account thus resembles nutrition, in that the acquired body must become like
the acquiring body before it can be good for the acquiring body. As long as an acquisition remains disparate, it
remains undigested, and a cause of “difficulties and vexations.” But it is not until he considers cities and
principalities that live under their own laws before they are acquired that Machiavelli suggests that some
acquisitions are by their nature indigestible. Considering the case of a city, he claims at first that “a city used to
living free may be held more easily by means of its own citizens than in any other mode, if one wants to preserve it
[P 5:20]. But Machiavelli soon admits that this is impossible: “in truth there is no secure mode to possess them
other than to ruin them” [P 5:20]. The acquisition of a free city is necessarily harmful: “whoever becomes patron of
a city accustomed to living free and does not destroy it, should expect to be destroyed by it” [P 5:20-21]. The
indigestibility of such a city results, as we might expect, from the persistence of the memory of its way of life,
despite length of time, benefits received, and anything short of destruction [P 5:21]. So the only secure way for a
prince to keep such an acquisition is to eliminate it, or to live in it – that is, rather than digesting it, to be digested by
it [P 5:21].
This marks the extent of Machiavelli’s admission in The Prince that some acquisitions are not good for the
acquiring body. In the Discourses he writes that “[t]he intention of whoever makes war through choice – or, in
truth, ambition – is to acquire and maintain the acquisition, and to proceed with it so that it enriches and does not
impoverish the country and his fatherland” [D II.6.1:140]. Machiavelli thereby admits that there can be acquisitions
that are not good. A later chapter title, “That Acquisition by Republics That Are Not Well Ordered and That Do Not
Proceed According to Roman Virtue Are for Their Ruin, Not Their Exaltation” [D II.19.T:172], suggests that virtue
might be the necessary and sufficient condition that makes acquisitions good, though Machiavelli ends the chapter
by suggesting that “acquiring was about to be pernicious for the Romans in the times when they proceeded with so
much prudence and so much virtue” [D II.19.2:175]. His most general remark about the goodness of acquisition in
the Discourses comes in a chapter whose title proclaims its concern in part with the causes that eliminate the
memories of things, where Machiavelli asserts in passing that “in simple bodies, when very much superfluous matter
has gathered together there, nature many times moves by itself and produces a purge that is the health of that body”
[D II.5.2:140]. But this remark about the goodness of acquisition, like the analogous discussion in The Prince,
reduces goodness to similarity to the acquiring body: that is, it reduces the good to what is one’s own. It does not
point to the an account in terms of a good that is independent of one’s own.
12
Almost, because the presence of other competing desires to acquire is likely not the only source of formative
effects on the desire to acquire. To the extent that circumstances resist acquisition – one is not strong enough, for
example, to climb the tree to reach the desired apple – the desire to acquire is also given form. But these formative
effects are presumably not as lasting as political ones. If they were, then our common experience of infantile
weakness would yield in everyone the humor of the people.
13
Here Machiavelli writes, “in other principalities” than the Roman empire, “one has to contend only with the
ambition of the great and the insolence of the people” [P 19:76]. In the Roman empire one had to contend as well
with the cruelty and avarice of the soldiers.
14
Later in the same chapter Machiavelli will reformulate this distinction, writing, “the great want to oppress and the
people want not to be oppressed” [P 9:39]. The disappearance of command from his formulation calls for an
explanation, and Machiavelli provides one in the sequel when he claims, “when a prince who founds on the people
knows how to command,” among other things, “he will see he has laid his foundations well” [P 9:41], since
“citizens and subjects” can become “accustomed to receive commands” [P 9:42]. Where oppression is concerned,
the great and the people have nothing in common; but they do have something in common where command that is
not oppressive is concerned. Command is thus the closest thing to a political solution to the existence of two
humors.
15
One difference between the perspectives of The Prince and the Discourses is signaled by Machiavelli’s different
description of the desires of the two humors in the two works. ‘Command and oppress’ in The Prince becomes
‘dominate’ in the Discourses. In the former work Machiavelli distinguishes between kinds of domination; in the
latter he does not.
16
Mansfield writes that according to Machiavelli, morality
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 30
is controlled by natural temperament, by the two humors that divide all mankind and underlie all
moral behavior and opinion. By speaking of humors Machiavelli indicates that they are not habits
of the mind nor mental in origin but prerational dispositions. Not being rational in nature, they
cannot be reconciled by speech or argument. These are two human types who do not understand
each other – the one preferring security and comfort, suspicious of anyone who desires more, the
other seeking risk and demanding honor, unbelieving that anyone could be satisfied with less [MV,
24].
17
Machiavelli’s sudden shift from the plural to the singular in the course of this passage is both striking and
puzzling. Could he mean to imply that men can be made to feel secure in their possession if only one man among
them – their prince, for example, who in a sense has what they have – acquires something new?
18
“It is an easy thing to know whence arises among peoples this affection for a free way of life for it is seen through
experience that cities have never expanded either in dominion or in riches if they have not been in freedom” [D
II.2.1:129]. Moreover, if a republic “will not molest others, it will be molested, and from being molested will arise
the wish and the necessity to acquire” [D II.19.1:173]. The desire to acquire is also an effect of the desire for
freedom.
19
There is a similar but less detailed account in the previous and first chapter of the Discourses. Since all cities are
either founded by natives or by foreigners, and all foreigners were natives elsewhere, then the original foundation of
cities
occurs when it does not appear, to inhabitants dispersed in many small parts, that they live
securely, since each part by itself, both because of the site and because of the small number,
cannot resist the thrust of whoever assaults it; and when the enemy comes, they do not have time
to unite for their defense. Or if they did, they would be required to leave many of their
strongholds abandoned; and so they would come at once to be the prey of their enemies. So to
flee these dangers, moved either by themselves or by someone among them of greater authority,
they are restrained to inhabit together a place elected by them, more advantageous to live in and
easier to defend [D I.1.1:7].
20
That the command of one of the great produces a political struggle between the two humors indicates that this
command is not a perfect solution to the existence of the two humors. This is partly because the great continue to
desire to acquire by oppressing the people. But it is also because the satisfaction of the people’s desire to be free of
oppression cannot amount to a satisfaction of their more fundamental desire to acquire. Even a free people is
compelled to recognize the superiority of the great, whose fundamental desire they share, and to see this superiority
as an obstacle to the satisfaction of their desire to acquire. The result is envy: the desire that the great be deprived of
their superiority. Machiavelli acknowledges this difficulty early in The Prince, when he considers the challenges a
prince faces in holding a recently-acquired province that is disparate from those he already holds. “[T]he order of
things is such that as soon as a powerful foreigner enters a province, all those in it who are less powerful adhere to
him, moved by the envy they have against whoever has held power over them” [P 3:11]. Even or especially
founders face envy [P 6:25], though Machiavelli conceals this difficulty in his concluding exhortation of a prince to
seize Italy and free her from the barbarians [P 26:105]. Since envy persists among the people even when they are
free from oppression by the great, and arises among the great when they elevate one of their number to command the
people, Machiavelli distinguishes envy from fear [P 7:31; D II.P.1:123] and elevates it to a characteristic of human
beings in the Discourses. “[T]he envious nature of men,” he writes there, “has always made it no less dangerous to
find new modes and orders than to seek unknown waters and lands, because men are more ready to blame than to
praise the actions of others” [D I.P.1:15]. The political solution to the existence of the two humors is not just
command, but hidden command.
21
According to Machiavelli, there may be airborne intelligences, by contrast, who foresee future things by “natural
virtue” [D I.56.1:114].
22
This is not to deny that the people, and especially an oppressed people, might long for a future in which they are
free from oppression. But such a future would require that the great be deprived of their superiority. The people are
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 31
typically conservative as long as they cannot imagine a satisfaction for their envy. In a chapter titled “The Multitude
is Wiser and More Constant than a Prince,” Machiavelli admits that under a corrupt prince the people fear the
present more than the future, while under a corrupt people they fear the future more than the present, because in the
future a tyrant might emerge [D I.58.4:119]. But the corrupt case is not the typical one. Similarly, circumstances
might require the great to fear the loss of their acquisitions, rather than to desire further acquisitions – for example,
when threatened by a superior desire to acquire. But this is also an atypical case for the great.
23
Manlius’ fate points to another of Machiavelli’s remarks about goodness. Later in the Discourses, in a chapter
partly titled “For One Citizen Who Wishes to Do Any Good Work in His Republic by His Authority, It Is Necessary
First to Eliminate Envy” [D III.30.T:278], Machiavelli suggests first that “virtue and goodness” can eliminate envy,
and then characteristically revises his claim by adding that “goodness is not enough” [D III.30.1:279, 280] –
implying that virtue, if not sufficient, is at least necessary.
24
Extraordinary energy is needed for a prince to avoid the dangers of either being loved or being feared, according
to the Discourses. “One cannot hold exactly to the middle way,” Machiavelli writes, for our nature does not consent
to it, but it is necessary to mitigate those things that exceed with an excessive virtue” [D III.21.3:263; compare
22.3:266]. Perhaps most difficult is the apparently miraculous feat of ordering virtue and goodness in the same
human being. In the same work Machiavelli praises
the generosity of spirit of those [Roman] citizens whom, when put in charge of an army, the
greatness of their spirit lifted above every prince. They did not esteem kings, or republics; nothing
terrified or frightened them. When they later returned to private status, they became frugal,
humble, careful of their small competencies, obedient to the magistrates, reverent to their
superiors, so that it appears impossible that one and the same spirit underwent such change [D
III.25.1:272].
25
In a later formulation, Machiavelli writes that the prince “needs to have a spirit disposed to change as the winds of
fortune and variations of things command him” [P 18:70].
26
The theoretical mode of the peaceful exercise of the art of war involves reading histories and imitating some
excellent man in the past [P 14:60]. The practical and theoretical modes of the peaceful exercise of the art of war,
added to the wartime exercise of this art, make up the whole art of war, which Machiavelli says should be the only
art of the prince, because many times it enables men to acquire states, and it helps them to maintain them [P 14:58].
Machiavelli wrote a book called The Art of War.
27
Machiavelli repeats this reasoning in the Discourses. “Once one individual has made himself very familiar with a
region, he then understands with ease all new countries; for every country and every member of the latter have some
conformity together, so that one passes easily from the knowledge of one to the knowledge of the other” [D
III.39.2:298]. Without this familiarization with one’s own country, one comes to know new countries either never,
or only after a long time and with difficulty.
28
As Mansfield puts it,
Machiavelli adumbrates the modern scientific understanding of nature that, with Bacon, abandons
natural beings and begins the search for natural laws, but he does no more than adumbrate. Since
he approaches the question of the nature of nature from the standpoint of what is good for human
beings, he remains faithful to the fact that in morals and politics, different natures appear distinct
to us, above all the difference between good and evil [MV, 21].
I mean here to fill out the content of Machiavelli’s adumbration with respect to human nature, and to point out the
resulting tension between his abandonment of natural beings and his fidelity to the natural difference between good
and evil. One sign of this tension is that while the science of sites seems to entail a mechanical or hydrodynamic
account in which lifeless nature is primary [see, for example, P 25:98-99], the examples that Machiavelli offers for
the excellent human being to imitate are chiefly living beings [compare P 25:100-101]. It is not clear whether the
living or the nonliving is the primary category for Machiavelli’s comprehensive science.
�Black, Machiavelli on Human Nature, Page 32
29
A reader who remembers the example of Pope Alexander VI from The Prince might object at this point that
Alexander hoped to continue acquiring after his death, using his son Cesare Borgia as “his instrument” [P 11:46].
But acquisitions made through one’s offspring can be lost to death just as well as one’s own acquisitions, as long as
one’s offspring are also mortal [P 7:31-32]. Also, it may necessarily be the case that a prince’s instruments are
always inferior to him; had he lived, Alexander VI might not have made the errors that Cesare Borgia made
[compare P 7:32-33 with 18:70]. Lastly, the pleasure of an predicted acquisition might necessarily be poorer than
the pleasure of a real acquisition, if one has doubts about the possibility of enjoying it.
30
We learn by Machiavelli’s treatment of the same episode in the Discourses that the centurion with the “obstinate
spirit” was not in fact the initiator of the successful conspiracy. Rather, he was the instrument of a prefect, who was
himself driven to conspire against his emperor by the necessity imposed by the prefect’s fear of death [D
III.6.11:227]. This elaboration does not detract from Machiavelli’s admission that some human beings cannot be
compelled by the threat of death, and so his admission that his science of sites is not comprehensive.
31
There are other details in The Prince that raise similar doubts about the science of sites. For example, Machiavelli
suggests that “obedience to present necessities” is what makes human beings vulnerable to being deceived [P
18:70]. He seems to mean not just that necessities can be manipulated [compare D III.12.1:247], since a human
being would be no less excellent were he to be responsive to artificial necessities as well as to natural ones, nor just
that necessities can be apparent rather than real, since a science of sites would distinguish only real necessities.
Instead, he seems to mean to qualify his claim that it is sufficient for virtue to orient itself by necessity. In the same
chapter Machiavelli also warns that “the vulgar are taken in by the appearance and the outcome of a thing”; and
there is a similar passage in the Discourses where he writes, “all men are blind in this, in judging good or bad
counsel by the end” [D III.35.2:291]. Again, if necessity were as knowable as Machiavelli elsewhere claims that it
is, judging by the end would not be an instance of blindness or gullibility.
�
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Graduate Institute Summer Lecture Series
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The Wednesday Night Lecture Series, hosted during the summer term by the Graduate Institute at St. John’s College in Annapolis, is a less-formal version of the college’s formal Friday Night Lectures. The Wednesday Night lectures are an opportunity for tutors and for graduates of the college who are pursuing academic careers to present the first fruits of their thinking to an attentive and inquisitive audience. The lectures, held in the King William Room of the Barr-Buchanan Center at 7:30 p.m., with a question period afterward in a neighboring classroom, are free and open to the public.<br /><br />For more information, and for a schedule of upcoming lectures, please visit the <strong><a title="Summer lecture series" href="https://www.sjc.edu/annapolis/events/lectures/summer-wednesday-night-lecture-series" target="_blank">St. John's College website</a></strong>.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Graduate Institute Summer Lecture Series" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=31">Items in the Graduate Institute Summer Lecture Series Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.
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"Everyone Sees How You Appear; Few Touch What You Are": Machiavelli on Human Nature
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Black, Jeff J. S., 1970-
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St. John's College
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2012-06-20
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Annapolis, MD
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Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527
Philosophy, Renaissance
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English
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Bib # 80134
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Typescript of a lecture delivered on June 20, 2012 by Jeff Black as part of the Graduate Institute Summer Lecture Series.
Mr. Black is a tutor at St. John's College, Annapolis. His talk is on exactly what constitutes human nature in the work of Machiavelli. In particular, he considers how this view has affected the way we see Machiavelli's works and what it has to teach us about his writings.
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Deans
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Summer lecture series
Tutors
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�����
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Speeches, presentations, and other lectures
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Speeches, presentations, and other lectures given at St. John's College. These include convocation addresses delivered in both Annapolis, MD and Santa Fe, NM.<br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Speeches, presentations, and other lectures" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=15">Items in the Speeches, presentations, and other lectures Collection</a></strong> to <span>view and sort all items in the collection.</span>
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speechespresentationsotherlectures
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5 pages
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"I hate books" or making room for learning
Description
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Transcript of the Graduate Institute convocation address given on June 15, 1997 by David Levine in Santa Fe, NM.
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Levine, David Lawrence
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St. John's College
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Santa Fe, NM
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1997-06-15
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Meem Library has been given permission to make this item available online.
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text
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Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 1712-1778. Emile.
Education
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English
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24000406
Convocation
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bb9a2fd63fb225d5e3928df7584f14a4
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Items in this collection are part of a series of lectures given every year at St. John's College. During the Fall and Spring semesters, lectures are given on Friday nights. Items include audio and video recordings and typescripts.<br /><br />For more information, and for a schedule of upcoming lectures, please visit the <strong><a href="http://www.sjc.edu/programs-and-events/annapolis/formal-lecture-series/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">St. John's College website</a></strong>. <br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Formal Lecture Series" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=5">Items in the St. John's College Formal Lecture Series—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.<br /><br />A growing number of lecture recordings are also available on the St. John's College (Annapolis) Lectures podcast. Visit <a href="https://anchor.fm/greenfieldlibrary" title="Anchor.fm">Anchor.fm</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/st-johns-college-annapolis-lectures/id1695157772">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy84Yzk5MzdhYy9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw" title="Google Podcasts">Google Podcasts</a>, or <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/6GDsIRqC8SWZ28AY72BsYM?si=f2ecfa9e247a456f" title="Spotify">Spotify</a> to listen and subscribe.
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St. John's College Formal Lecture Series—Annapolis
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formallectureseriesannapolis
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00:55:01
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"I think, therefore I am"
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Audio recording of a lecture delivered on October 22, 1971 by Samuel S. Kutler as part of the Formal Lecture Series.
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Kutler, Samuel S.
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St. John's College
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Annapolis, MD
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1971-10-22
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A signed permission form has been received stating: "I hereby grant St. John's College permission to: Make an audiovisual recording of my lecture, and retain copies for circulation and archival preservation in the St. John's College Greenfield Library. Make an audiovisual recording of my lecture available online. Make a typescript copy of my lecture available for circulation and archival preservation in the St. John's College Greenfield Library. Make a typescript of my lecture available online."
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sound
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mp3
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English
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Kutler_Samuel_1971-10-22
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Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Philosophy, Modern
Friday night lecture
Tutors
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https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/3de7b4180c4d6f2efa49aa5381e59e33.pdf
995d746ab663358b47f5b3254100efa8
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Items in this collection are part of a series of lectures given every year at St. John's College. During the Fall and Spring semesters, lectures are given on Friday nights. Items include audio and video recordings and typescripts.<br /><br />For more information, and for a schedule of upcoming lectures, please visit the <strong><a href="http://www.sjc.edu/programs-and-events/annapolis/formal-lecture-series/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">St. John's College website</a></strong>. <br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Formal Lecture Series" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=5">Items in the St. John's College Formal Lecture Series—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.<br /><br />A growing number of lecture recordings are also available on the St. John's College (Annapolis) Lectures podcast. Visit <a href="https://anchor.fm/greenfieldlibrary" title="Anchor.fm">Anchor.fm</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/st-johns-college-annapolis-lectures/id1695157772">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy84Yzk5MzdhYy9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw" title="Google Podcasts">Google Podcasts</a>, or <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/6GDsIRqC8SWZ28AY72BsYM?si=f2ecfa9e247a456f" title="Spotify">Spotify</a> to listen and subscribe.
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St. John's College Formal Lecture Series—Annapolis
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formallectureseriesannapolis
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A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Microsoft Word
Page numeration
Number of pages in the original item.
15 pages
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
"In Want of a Wife..." or a Husband, in <em>Pride and Prejudice</em>
Description
An account of the resource
Typescript of a lecture delivered on April 17, 2015, by Suzy Paalman as part of the Formal Lecture Series.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Paalman, Susan R.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-04-17
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
A signed permission form has been received stating, "Make typescript copies of my lecture available for circulation and archival preservation at the St. John's College Greenfield Library. Make typescript copies of my lecture available online."
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
pdf
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Paalman_Susan_2015-04-17
Subject
The topic of the resource
Austen, Jane, 1775-1817. Pride and prejudice
Friday night lecture
Tutors
-
https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/9c400c66a03563ce5e0085e6b1c4c7bd.mp3
30ac09e89a36f6a8836e94a956b0c461
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
Items in this collection are part of a series of lectures given every year at St. John's College. During the Fall and Spring semesters, lectures are given on Friday nights. Items include audio and video recordings and typescripts.<br /><br />For more information, and for a schedule of upcoming lectures, please visit the <strong><a href="http://www.sjc.edu/programs-and-events/annapolis/formal-lecture-series/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">St. John's College website</a></strong>. <br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Formal Lecture Series" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=5">Items in the St. John's College Formal Lecture Series—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.<br /><br />A growing number of lecture recordings are also available on the St. John's College (Annapolis) Lectures podcast. Visit <a href="https://anchor.fm/greenfieldlibrary" title="Anchor.fm">Anchor.fm</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/st-johns-college-annapolis-lectures/id1695157772">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy84Yzk5MzdhYy9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw" title="Google Podcasts">Google Podcasts</a>, or <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/6GDsIRqC8SWZ28AY72BsYM?si=f2ecfa9e247a456f" title="Spotify">Spotify</a> to listen and subscribe.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Greenfield Library
Title
A name given to the resource
St. John's College Formal Lecture Series—Annapolis
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
formallectureseriesannapolis
Sound
A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
wav
Duration
Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.)
00:56:58
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
"Making New Gods?": Reflections on Plato's <em>Symposium</em>
Description
An account of the resource
Audio recording of a lecture delivered on March 21, 2008, by Mitchell Miller as part of the Formal Lecture Series.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Miller, Mitchell H.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2008-03-21
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
A signed permission form has been received stating: "I hereby grant St. John's College permission to: make a recording of my lecture, and retain copies for circulation and archival preservation at the St. John’s College Greenfield Library; make a recording of my lecture available online."
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
sound
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
mp3
Subject
The topic of the resource
Plato. Symposium
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LEC_Miller_Mitchell_2008-03-21_ac
Friday night lecture
-
https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/bf4e5164d43e8cad5ccd0e9a54a8638a.mp4
a8307b6f6d08799c46b145f38eac8288
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
Items in this collection are part of a series of lectures given every year at St. John's College. During the Fall and Spring semesters, lectures are given on Friday nights. Items include audio and video recordings and typescripts.<br /><br />For more information, and for a schedule of upcoming lectures, please visit the <strong><a href="http://www.sjc.edu/programs-and-events/annapolis/formal-lecture-series/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">St. John's College website</a></strong>. <br /><br />Click on <strong><a title="Formal Lecture Series" href="http://digitalarchives.sjc.edu/items/browse?collection=5">Items in the St. John's College Formal Lecture Series—Annapolis Collection</a></strong> to view and sort all items in the collection.<br /><br />A growing number of lecture recordings are also available on the St. John's College (Annapolis) Lectures podcast. Visit <a href="https://anchor.fm/greenfieldlibrary" title="Anchor.fm">Anchor.fm</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/st-johns-college-annapolis-lectures/id1695157772">Apple Podcasts</a>, <a href="https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy84Yzk5MzdhYy9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw" title="Google Podcasts">Google Podcasts</a>, or <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/6GDsIRqC8SWZ28AY72BsYM?si=f2ecfa9e247a456f" title="Spotify">Spotify</a> to listen and subscribe.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Greenfield Library
Title
A name given to the resource
St. John's College Formal Lecture Series—Annapolis
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
formallectureseriesannapolis
Moving Image
A series of visual representations imparting an impression of motion when shown in succession. Examples include animations, movies, television programs, videos, zoetropes, or visual output from a simulation.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
mp4
Duration
Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.)
00:53:22
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
"Poet, That’s Just Like You!": Language and the Figure of Echo (Steiner Lecture)
Description
An account of the resource
Video recording of a lecture delivered on February 11, 2022, by Ange Mlinko as part of the Formal Lecture Series.
Mlinko is the poetry editor of the Nation, an associate professor at the University of Florida, and a Guggenheim fellow.
Mlinko describes her lecture: "Poetry is an enormous subject, but it can be distilled into a single figure. This figure is Echo, who manifests in three ways: as a prosodic device at the level of the line and stanza; as a poetic form; and as a nymph from Greek mythology, who may stand in for literature itself. We will look at the many ways in which Echo informs poetry and teaches us to read it.”]
This lecture is also part of the Steiner Lecture Series, which is made possible by a gift from the Steiner family in memory of Andrew Steiner, an alumnus of the college from 1963. The lecture series was established to bring notable speakers to campus from a variety of disciplines and endeavors, in recognition of Steiner’s intellectual versatility, and for the sake of continued learning.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mlinko, Ange
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Annapolis, MD
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-02-11
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
A signed permission form has been received stating: "I hereby grant St. John's College permission to: Make an audiovisual recording of my lecture, and retain copies for circulation and archival preservation in the St. John's College Greenfield Library. Make an audiovisual recording of my lecture available online. Make a typescript copy of my lecture available for circulation and archival preservation in the St. John's College Greenfield Library."
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
moving image
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
mp4
Subject
The topic of the resource
Poetry
Echo (Greek mythology)
Echo verse
Frost, Robert, 1874-1963
Valéry, Paul, 1871-1945
Tyni︠a︡nov, I︠U︡. N. (I︠U︡riĭ Nikolaevich), 1894-1943
Hopkins, Gerard Manley, 1844-1889
Barnes, Barnabe, 1569?-1609
Ovid, 43 B.C.-17 A.D. or 18 A.D. Metamorphoses
Poussin, Nicolas, 1594?-1665
Webster, John, 1580?-1625? Duchess of Malfi
Bishop, Elizabeth, 1911-1979
Pushkin, Aleksandr Sergeevich, 1799-1837
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Macfarland, Joseph C.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Mlinko_Ange_2022-02-11acccess
Alumni
Friday night lecture
Steiner lecture
-
https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/sjcdigitalarchives/original/8fd6e550c715c92e7abbd6506394b59a.mp3
607e3bfd3d1e1077c2aacd324cebf1d7
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
St. John's College Lecture Recordings—Santa Fe
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
St. John's College Meem Library
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Santa Fe, NM
Sound
A resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
m4a
Duration
Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.)
00:58:46
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
"Sounding Alarm: (circa 1850)"
Description
An account of the resource
Audio recording of a lecture given by Alexander Rehding on February 3, 2023 as part of the Dean's Lecture & Concert Series. The Dean's Office has provided this description of the event: The nineteenth century was a time of progress but also of crisis – and the study of musical sound was no exception. While around 1800 a sense prevailed that scientists like E.F.F. Chladni and Thomas Young had lifted the secret of sound, this was just the calm before the storm. The presentation of the mechanical siren in 1819 sounded an alarm—literally and metaphorically: the new mechanism threatened to overturn the foundations of the old theories and threw the study of sound into a profound crisis. But this crisis was also a time of great creativity: figures like F. Opelt and J.-G. Kastner came up with innovative approaches that turned the study of music and sound in new and unexpected directions. The important scientist H. v. Helmholtz managed to put a damper on this crisis in the 1860s with some wise and conciliatory pronouncements, but the benefits for music remained and continued to be developed – in compositions by Berlioz, Saint-Saëns, and far beyond.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rehding, Alexander
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
St. John's College
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Santa Fe, NM
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-02-03
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Meem Library has been given permission to make this item available online.
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
sound
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
mp3
Subject
The topic of the resource
Sound.
Music.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SF_RehdingA_Sounding_Alarm_circa_1850_2023-02-03
Friday night lecture
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